Texas Business Review, January 1967

The Business Situation in Texas; Texas Foreign Trade; Texas Building Construction Authorized in NovemberBureau of Business Researc

Antiscreening of the Ampere force in QED and QCD plasmas

The static forces between electric charges and currents are modified at the loop level by the presence of a plasma. While electric charges are screened, currents are not. The effective coupling constant at long distances is enhanced in both cases as compared to the vacuum, and by different amounts, a clear sign that Lorentz symmetry is broken. We investigate these effects quantitatively, first in a QED plasma and secondly using non-perturbative simulations of QCD with two light degenerate flavors of quarks.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure

Vector screening masses in the quark-gluon plasma and their physical significance

Static and non-static thermal screening states that couple to the conserved vector current are investigated in the high-temperature phase of QCD. Their masses and couplings to the current are determined at weak coupling, as well as using two-flavor lattice QCD simulations. A consistent picture emerges from the comparison, providing evidence that non-static Matsubara modes can indeed be treated perturbatively. We elaborate on the physical significance of the screening masses.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted as a contribution to the proceedings of the Quark Matter 2014 conference (talk given by H. Meyer

Is violence increasing or decreasing?: a new methodology to measure repeat attacks making visible the significance of gender and domestic relations

The fall in the rate of violent crime has stopped. This is a finding of an investigation using the Crime Survey for England and Wales, 1994–2014, and an improved methodology to include the experiences of high-frequency victims. The cap on the number of crimes included has been removed. We prevent overall volatility from rising by using three-year moving averages and regression techniques that take account of all the data points rather than point to point analysis. The difference between our findings and official statistics is driven by violent crime committed against women and by domestic perpetrators. The timing of the turning point in the trajectory of violent crime corresponds with the economic crisis in 2008/09

Consultation on high frequency repeat victims in the Crime Survey - our response

The current methodology for handling repeat victimisation in the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) is capping. Repeat victimisations for any series of crimes are capped at maximum of 5 crimes before the data is used to produce crime rate estimates for England and Wales. The new proposals merely shift the level of this cap. Capping produces inaccurate estimates of crime which are systematically biased in specific ways, no matter what level the cap is set at. It is possible to increase the accuracy of crime estimates from the CSEW by deriving them from all reported crimes, and without increasing volatility by utilising three-year rolling averages. A move away from capping to deriving crime estimates based on all reported crimes would increase: relevance, accuracy, clarity, coherence and comparability of crime statistics and would better conform to ONS quality principles. A capping methodology does not conform to these ONS quality principles

The decline in the rate of domestic violence has stopped: removing the cap on repeat victimisation reveals more violence

• The decline in the rate of domestic violence since the mid-1990s has stopped, although violent crime by other perpetrators is still falling • The most reliable data on domestic violence is from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW), rather than police recorded crime since there is no statutory category of domestic violence • Official published CSEW data ‘caps’ the maximum number of incidents in a series at 5, so further recorded incidents are not included in official estimates• Analysis of CSEW finds that when the cap is removed there are 60% more violent crimes. • The increase due to removing the cap is concentrated on violent crime against women (70% increase) rather than men (50% increase) and on violent crime by domestic relations (70% increase) and acquaintances (100% increase) rather than by strangers (20% increase)

A relation between screening masses and real-time rates

Thermal screening masses related to the conserved vector current are determined for the case that the current carries a non-zero Matsubara frequency, both in a weak-coupling approach and through lattice QCD. We point out that such screening masses are sensitive to the same infrared physics as light-cone real-time rates. In particular, on the perturbative side, the inhomogeneous Schrodinger equation determining screening correlators is shown to have the same general form as the equation implementing LPM resummation for the soft-dilepton and photon production rates from a hot QCD plasma. The static potential appearing in the equation is identical to that whose soft part has been determined up to NLO and on the lattice in the context of jet quenching. Numerical results based on this potential suggest that screening masses overshoot the free results (multiples of 2piT) more strongly than at zero Matsubara frequency. Four-dimensional lattice simulations in two-flavour QCD at temperatures of 250 and 340 MeV confirm the non-static screening masses at the 10% level. Overall our results lend support to studies of jet quenching based on the same potential at T > 250 MeV.Comment: 32 pages. v2: clarifications added, typos corrected; published versio

The pion quasiparticle in the low-temperature phase of QCD

We investigate the properties of the pion quasiparticle in the low-temperature phase of two-flavor QCD on the lattice with support from chiral effective theory. We find that the pion quasiparticle mass is significantly reduced compared to its value in the vacuum, by contrast with the static screening mass, which increases with temperature. By a simple argument, near the chiral limit the two masses are expected to determine the quasiparticle dispersion relation. Analyzing two-point functions of the axial charge density at non-vanishing spatial momentum, we find that the predicted dispersion relation and the residue of the pion pole are simultaneously consistent with the lattice data at low momentum. The test, based on fits to the correlation functions, is confirmed by a second analysis using the Backus-Gilbert method.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure

Charge transport and vector meson dissociation across the thermal phase transition in lattice QCD with two light quark flavors

We compute and analyze correlation functions in the isovector vector channel at vanishing spatial momentum across the deconfinement phase transition in lattice QCD. The simulations are carried out at temperatures $T/T_c=0.156, 0.8, 1.0, 1.25$ and $1.67$ with $T_c\simeq203$MeV for two flavors of Wilson-Clover fermions with a zero-temperature pion mass of $\simeq270$MeV. Exploiting exact sum rules and applying a phenomenologically motivated ansatz allows us to determine the spectral function $\rho(\omega,T)$ via a fit to the lattice correlation function data. From these results we estimate the electrical conductivity across the deconfinement phase transition via a Kubo formula and find evidence for the dissociation of the $\rho$ meson by resolving its spectral weight at the available temperatures. We also apply the Backus-Gilbert method as a model-independent approach to this problem. At any given frequency, it yields a local weighted average of the true spectral function. We use this method to compare kinetic theory predictions and previously published phenomenological spectral functions to our lattice study.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure