Оценка эндоскопической картины и микробного пейзажа бронхиального дерева при хронических неспецифических заболеваниях легких у детей

БРОНХОСКОПИЯДЕТИ, СЛУЖБЫ ОХРАНЫ ЗДОРОВЬЯЛЕГКИХ БОЛЕЗНИ ОБСТРУКТИВНЫ

Selective deployment of transcription factor paralogs with submaximal strength facilitates gene regulation in the immune system

In multicellular organisms, duplicated genes can diverge through tissue-specific gene expression patterns, as exemplified by highly regulated expression of Runx transcription factor paralogs with apparent functional redundancy. Here we asked what cell type-specific biologies might be supported by the selective expression of Runx paralogs during Langerhans cell and inducible regulatory T cell differentiation. We uncovered functional non-equivalence between Runx paralogs. Selective expression of native paralogs allowed integration of transcription factor activity with extrinsic signals, while non-native paralogs enforced differentiation even in the absence of exogenous inducers. DNA-binding affinity was controlled by divergent amino acids within the otherwise highly conserved RUNT domain, and evolutionary reconstruction suggested convergence of RUNT domain residues towards sub-maximal strength. Hence, the selective expression of gene duplicates in specialized cell types can synergize with the acquisition of functional differences to enable appropriate gene expression, lineage choice and differentiation in the mammalian immune system

Cross-cutting principles for planetary health education

Since the 2015 launch of the Rockefeller Foundation Lancet Commission on planetary health,1 an enormous groundswell of interest in planetary health education has emerged across many disciplines, institutions, and geographical regions. Advancing these global efforts in planetary health education will equip the next generation of scholars to address crucial questions in this emerging field and support the development of a community of practice. To provide a foundation for the growing interest and efforts in this field, the Planetary Health Alliance has facilitated the first attempt to create a set of principles for planetary health education that intersect education at all levels, across all scales, and in all regions of the world—ie, a set of cross-cutting principles

BaCrO₄ assisted visible light induced advanced oxidation process for mineralizing Azur B

1061-1065The photocatalyst BaCrO4 has been utilized to photocatalytically degrade Azur B in presence of visible light. The disappearance of the dye has been monitored spectrophotometrically, followed pseudo-first order kinetics, according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The total degradation of dye was tested by determining the chemical oxygen demand. To optimize the reaction condition, the effects of various parameters like amount of semiconductor, pH, light intensity, dye concentration, oxidants such as H2O2 and K2S2O8, electron acceptors like NaCl and Na2CO3, on the rate of photodegradation have been investigated. Both NaCl and Na2CO3 are found to retard the rate of photocatalytic degradation, whereas increase in the initial concentration of both H2O2 and K2S2O8, increases the degradation rate. The degradation efficiency was found to be the substantially high at around neutral pH values. The complete degradation of the dye has been confirmed using UV spectrum analysis. A pertinent mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation has also been proposed. </span

Visible-light induced photocatalytic mineralization of methylene green dye using BaCrO₄photocatalyst

513-519The photocatalytic degradation of a hazardous methylene green dye solution has been reported. The effects of various parameters such as catalyst loading, pH, initial concentration of the dye, concentration of H2O2 and K2S2O8, concentration of NaCl and Na2 CO3, N2 and O2 bubbling, and intensity of light on decolourization have been investigated. The photocatalytic removal of methylene green dye and its degradation efficiency has been evaluated by determination of reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 440 mg/L to 5 mg/L and increase in CO2 values from 9 mg/L to 212 mg/L in 7 h. A decrease in pH and increase in conductivity of solution is observed with increase in the extent of mineralization. The extent of decolourization has been discussed in terms of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate of decolourization of dye is recorded with respect to the change in the intensity of absorption peak in visible region. The prominent peak at λmax, i.e., 650 nm decreases gradually and finally disappears indicating that the dye is decolourized. Similarly the peak in the UV region at 300 nm decreases with the passage of time, thereby confirming the complete mineralization of the dye

Temperature dependence of soft mode frequency and width in potassium and sodium niobate

533-535Considering a quartic anharmonic model Hamiltonian and using Green's function and Dyson's equation technique, expressions for soft mode width and frequency in perovskite type crystals have been obtained. Using the experimentally observed dielectric and loss behaviour of potassium and sodium niobate crystals the temperature dependence of soft mode width and frequency in these crystals have been calculated. Anomaly has been observed in the behaviour of soft mode frequency and width, near the transition temperatures in these compounds

Objective assessment of endogenous collagen in vivo during tissue repair by laser induced fluorescence.

Collagen, a triple helical protein with the primary role of mechanical function, provides tensile strength to the skin, and plays a pivotal task in tissue repair. During tissue regeneration, collagen level increases gradually and therefore, monitoring of such changes in vivo by laser induced fluorescence was the main objective behind the present study. In order to accomplish this, 15 mm diameter excisional wounds were created on six to eight week old Swiss albino mice. The collagen deposition accelerated upon irradiation of single exposure of 2 J/cm2 He-Ne laser dose immediately after wounding was recorded by laser induced autofluorescence in vivo along with un-illuminated and un-wounded controls. Autofluorescence spectra were recorded for each animal of the experimental groups on 0, 5, 10, 30, 45 and 60 days post-wounding, by exciting the granulation tissue/skin with 325 nm He-Cd laser. The variations in the average collagen intensities from the granulation tissue/skin of mice were inspected as a function of age and gender. Further, the spectral findings of the collagen synthesis in wound granulation tissue/un-wounded skin tissues were validated by Picro-Sirius red- polarized light microscopy in a blinded manner through image analysis of the respective collagen birefringence. The in vivo autofluorescence studies have shown a significant increase in collagen synthesis in laser treated animals as compared to the un-illuminated controls. Image analysis of the collagen birefringence further authenticated the ability of autofluorescence in the objective monitoring of collagen in vivo. Our results clearly demonstrate the potential of laser induced autofluorescence in the monitoring of collegen synthesis during tissue regeneration, which may have clinical implications