Temporal Stabilisation of Flux Reconstruction on Linear Problems

Filtering is often used in Large Eddy Simulation with a global filter width, instead here a filter width in the reference domain of high order Flux Reconstruction is considered. It is shown via Von Neumann analysis how filtering effects the dispersion and dissipation of the scheme when spatially and temporally discretised. With it being shown that filtering stabilises the scheme temporally by upto $25\%$ for forth order FR. The impact of filtering on error production is calculated, highlighting the reduction in convective velocity caused and showing numerically the impact on order of accuracy. Finally, the turbulent Taylor-Green case is used to understand the effect of reference domain filtering on the transition to turbulence, and a filter Reynolds number is defined that is shown to be useful in understanding the effect of filtering on simulations.Comment: AIAA Aviation Forum June 201

A molecular and histological characterization of cartilage from patients with Morquio syndrome

SummaryObjectiveTo investigate the gene expression profile and the histological aspects of articular cartilage of patients affected by Morquio syndrome, a lysosomal storage disease characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within the cells which result in abnormal formation and growth of the skeletal system.MethodArticular cartilage samples were obtained from the femoral condyle of two siblings with Morquio syndrome during surgery performed to treat valgus knee. As controls, four biopsy samples of healthy cartilage were obtained from four different male multiorgan donors. A Real-Time Polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of type I and II collagens and aggrecan mRNAs. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses for some matrix proteins were carried out on paraffin embedded sections.ResultsType I collagen mRNA mean level was higher in the samples of patients with Morquio syndrome compared to controls. Type II collagen and aggrecan mRNAs' mean expression was instead lower. The morphological appearance of the cartilage showed a poorly organized tissue structure with not homogeneously distributed cells that were larger compared to normal chondrocytes due to the presence inside the vacuoles of proteoglycans which were not metabolized. Chondrocytes were negative for collagen II immunostaining while the extracellular matrix was weakly positive. Collagen type I immunostaining was positive at cellular level. Keratan sulfate showed diffuse positivity and chondroitin-6-sulfate was present throughout the cartilaginous thickness.ConclusionIn cartilage of patients with Morquio syndrome, a low expression of collagen type II and a high expression of collagen type I both at protein and molecular levels are evidentiated. This finding could give evidence of the reduction in ankle and knee joint movement observable in these patients

Factors of Interest in Extended-Release Buprenorphine: Comparisons Between Incarcerated and Non-Incarcerated Patients with Opioid Use Disorder

Mathieu Chappuy,1– 3 Fadi Meroueh,4 Benoit Trojak,5,6 Jérôme Bachellier,7 Patrick Bendimerad,8 Margaux Kosim,9,10 Peter Hjelmström,11 Philippe Nubukpo,12,13 Georges Brousse,14,15 Benjamin Rolland1,2,16 1Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), CH Le Vinatier, Bron, 69500, France; 2Service d’Addictologie, Groupement Hospitalier Centre, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; 3CSAPA, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; 4UCSA, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France; 5Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d’Addictologie, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France; 6INSERM U1093, UFR Staps, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France; 7Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Tours, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France; 8Service d’Addictologie, Groupe Hospitalier de La Rochelle-Ré-Aunis, La Rochelle, France; 9Consultations de Médecine-Alcoologie PASS, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; 10Camurus SAS, Paris, France; 11Camurus AB, Ideon Science Park, Lund, Sweden; 12Service d’Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France; 13INSERM UMR 1094, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France; 14Service de Psychiatrie B et d’Addictologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 15Équipe d’Accueil 7280, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 16INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, CRNL, Université de Lyon, UCBL1, Bron, FranceCorrespondence: Benjamin RollandService Universitaire d’Addictologie, CH Le Vinatier, Pôle MOPHA, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, 69500, FranceTel +33 437 915 555Fax +33 437 915 556Email [email protected]: Extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) covers a range of formulations of buprenorphine-based treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) that release the medication over a period of one week, one month, or six months. OUD is particularly prevalent among incarcerated populations, and previous findings have shown that incarcerated subjects were not less interested in XR-BUP than non-incarcerated subjects. However, no study has ever investigated whether the factors of interest in XR-BUP were similar in incarcerated and non-incarcerated populations.Patients and Methods: We carried out post-hoc analyses using data from the “AMBRE” survey, which was conducted among 366 individuals with OUD, that were recruited in 68 French addiction settings, including six prison medical centers. The reasons for interest in XR-BUP were compared between incarcerated and non-incarcerated interviewees, using logistic regressions models, which provided raw and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Adjustment variables were gender, age category, level of education, and type of current medication for OUD, respectively.Results: Data from 317 participants (ie, 221 non-incarcerated, and 96 incarcerated individuals) were included in the analyses. Adjusted comparisons found that “no longer taking a daily treatment” (aOR= 2.91; 95% CI= 1.21– 6.98) and “having a more discreet medication” (aOR= 1.76; 95% CI= 1.01– 3.10) were reasons that appealed more to incarcerated participants than to non-incarcerated ones. On the other hand, the potential reduction of withdrawal symptoms (aOR= 0.54; 95% CI= 0.29– 0.99) or the risk of misuse (aOR= 0.56; 95% CI= 0.34– 0.94) associated with XR-BUP treatment were considered more important by non-incarcerated individuals than by incarcerated ones.Conclusion: Incarcerated interviewees were interested in XR-BUP for different reasons than those outside prison. In particular, incarcerated patients were more interested in practicability and discretion features, and less in improving recovery or reducing misuse than non-incarcerated patients.Keywords: prison, opioid use disorder, buprenorphine, preference

Type A personality is not associated with poor glycaemic control: Data from cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys of people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

IF 4.101International audienc

Type A competitiveness traits correlate with downregulation of c-Fos expression in patients with type 1 diabetes

Type A personality has been associated with increased survival in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Systemic low-grade inflammation may play a critical role, as suggested in recent reports, although the links between the inflammatory circulating transcriptome and Type A remain unknown. This prompted our exploration of the potential associations between Type A personality and c-Fos gene expression, a candidate gene closely linked to inflammatory processes, in T1D