Subjective experience of episodic memory and metacognition: a neurodevelopmental approach.

Episodic retrieval is characterized by the subjective experience of remembering. This experience enables the co-ordination of memory retrieval processes and can be acted on metacognitively. In successful retrieval, the feeling of remembering may be accompanied by recall of important contextual information. On the other hand, when people fail (or struggle) to retrieve information, other feelings, thoughts, and information may come to mind. In this review, we examine the subjective and metacognitive basis of episodic memory function from a neurodevelopmental perspective, looking at recollection paradigms (such as source memory, and the report of recollective experience) and metacognitive paradigms such as the feeling of knowing). We start by considering healthy development, and provide a brief review of the development of episodic memory, with a particular focus on the ability of children to report first-person experiences of remembering. We then consider neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as amnesia acquired in infancy, autism, Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, or 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. This review shows that different episodic processes develop at different rates, and that across a broad set of different NDDs there are various types of episodic memory impairment, each with possibly a different character. This literature is in agreement with the idea that episodic memory is a multifaceted process

Thermodynamics of the Complex su(3) Toda Theory

We present the first computation of the thermodynamic properties of the complex su(3) Toda theory. This is possible thanks to a new string hypothesis, which involves bound states that are non self-conjugate solutions of the Bethe equations. Our method provides equivalently the solution of the su(3) generalization of the XXZ chain. In the repulsive regime, we confirm that the scattering theory proposed over the past few years - made only of solitons with non diagonal S-matrices - is complete. But we show that unitarity does not follow, contrary to early claims, eigenvalues of the monodromy matrix not being pure phases. In the attractive regime, we find that the proposed minimal solution of the bootstrap equations is actually far from being complete. We discuss some simple values of the couplings, where, instead of the few conjectured breathers, a very complex structure (involving E_6, or two E_8) of bound states is necessary to close the bootstrap.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures; some minor changes; accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

Towards Precision LSST Weak-Lensing Measurement - I: Impacts of Atmospheric Turbulence and Optical Aberration

The weak-lensing science of the LSST project drives the need to carefully model and separate the instrumental artifacts from the intrinsic lensing signal. The dominant source of the systematics for all ground based telescopes is the spatial correlation of the PSF modulated by both atmospheric turbulence and optical aberrations. In this paper, we present a full FOV simulation of the LSST images by modeling both the atmosphere and the telescope optics with the most current data for the telescope specifications and the environment. To simulate the effects of atmospheric turbulence, we generated six-layer phase screens with the parameters estimated from the on-site measurements. For the optics, we combined the ray-tracing tool ZEMAX and our simulated focal plane data to introduce realistic aberrations and focal plane height fluctuations. Although this expected flatness deviation for LSST is small compared with that of other existing cameras, the fast f-ratio of the LSST optics makes this focal plane flatness variation and the resulting PSF discontinuities across the CCD boundaries significant challenges in our removal of the systematics. We resolve this complication by performing PCA CCD-by-CCD, and interpolating the basis functions using conventional polynomials. We demonstrate that this PSF correction scheme reduces the residual PSF ellipticity correlation below 10^-7 over the cosmologically interesting scale. From a null test using HST/UDF galaxy images without input shear, we verify that the amplitude of the galaxy ellipticity correlation function, after the PSF correction, is consistent with the shot noise set by the finite number of objects. Therefore, we conclude that the current optical design and specification for the accuracy in the focal plane assembly are sufficient to enable the control of the PSF systematics required for weak-lensing science with the LSST.Comment: Accepted to PASP. High-resolution version is available at http://dls.physics.ucdavis.edu/~mkjee/LSST_weak_lensing_simulation.pd

A rhoptry antigen of Plasmodium falciparum is protective in Saimiri monkeys

A non-polymorphic antigen associated with the rhoptry organelles of Plasmodium falciparum has been purified by immuno-affinity chromatography. The antigen, RAP-1 (rhoptry associated protein-1). which is defined by monoclonal antibodies which inhibit parasite growth in vitro, is a multi-component antigen consisting of four major proteins of 80, 65, 42 and 40 kDa and two minor proteins of 77 and 70 kDa. These proteins were electro-eluted from preparative sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gels and protected Saimiri sciureus monkeys from a lethal blood-stage infection of P. falciparum malaria. Sera from the protected animals recognized only proteins of the RAP-1 antigen when used to probe a Western blot of total parasite protein extract, confirming that RAP-1 is responsible for eliciting the protective immune respons

Form factor bootstrap in the thermally perturbed tricritical Ising model

We derive a systematic construction for form factors of relevant fields in the thermal perturbation of the tricritical Ising model, an integrable model with scattering amplitudes described by the $E_7$ bootstrap. We find a new type of recursive structure encoding the information in the bound state fusion structure, which fully determines the form factors of the perturbing field and the order/disorder fields, for which we present a mathematical proof. Knowledge of these form factors enables the systematic computation of correlation functions and dynamical structure factors in systems whose dynamics is governed by the vicinity of a fixed point in the tricritical Ising universality class.Comment: 37 pages, 7 figure

Form factors in finite volume II: Disconnected terms and finite temperature correlators

Continuing the investigation started in a previous work, we consider form factors of integrable quantum field theories in finite volume, extending our investigation to matrix elements with disconnected pieces. Numerical verification of our results is provided by truncated conformal space approach. Such matrix elements are important in computing finite temperature correlation functions, and we give a new method for generating a low temperature expansion, which we test for the one-point function up to third order. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Dorey's Rule and the q-Characters of Simply-Laced Quantum Affine Algebras

Let Uq(ghat) be the quantum affine algebra associated to a simply-laced simple Lie algebra g. We examine the relationship between Dorey's rule, which is a geometrical statement about Coxeter orbits of g-weights, and the structure of q-characters of fundamental representations V_{i,a} of Uq(ghat). In particular, we prove, without recourse to the ADE classification, that the rule provides a necessary and sufficient condition for the monomial 1 to appear in the q-character of a three-fold tensor product V_{i,a} x V_{j,b} x V_{k,c}.Comment: 30 pages, latex; v2, to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physic

Generalized sine-Gordon/massive Thirring models and soliton/particle correspondences

We consider a real Lagrangian off-critical submodel describing the soliton sector of the so-called conformal affine $sl(3)^{(1)}$ Toda model coupled to matter fields (CATM). The theory is treated as a constrained system in the context of Faddeev-Jackiw and the symplectic schemes. We exhibit the parent Lagrangian nature of the model from which generalizations of the sine-Gordon (GSG) or the massive Thirring (GMT) models are derivable. The dual description of the model is further emphasized by providing the relationships between bilinears of GMT spinors and relevant expressions of the GSG fields. In this way we exhibit the strong/weak coupling phases and the (generalized) soliton/particle correspondences of the model. The $sl(n)^{(1)}$ case is also outlined.Comment: 22 pages, LaTex, some comments and references added, conclusions unchanged, to appear in J. Math. Phy