Cyclic Response of Reconstituted Low Plasticity Silt

Foundation failures observed over saturated silt-clay mixtures during past earthquakes clearly indicate the need for a profound understanding of the behavior of such soils under seismic loading. Although the mechanisms dominating the response of fine grained soils under seismic loading are known to be different from those of sandy soils, the behavior of low plasticity silt and clay is still under discussion. An experimental research program, still in progress, has been undertaken to investigate the cyclic behavior of low plasticity fine grained soils for developing useful guidelines for the assessment of seismic response. Samples of low plasticity silt, initially consolidated to stress levels above preconsolidation stress, have been tested systemically under monotonic and cyclic loading for isotropic and anisotropic stress conditions. To eliminate the sample variability inherent to the naturally deposited soils and to control the circumstances, the specimens were reconstituted by means of the slurry deposition technique in the study. The preliminary results from cyclic triaxial testing on reconstituted low plasticity silt specimens are presented. The liquefaction susceptibility of the silt was examined via comparisons to the existing empirical criteria in literature

17 Ağustos İzmit depremi sonucu Adapazarı kent merkezinde bina telellerinde meydana gelen zemin sıvılaşması kaynaklı kalıcı deplasmanların araştırılması kapsamında sondaj ve arazi deneylerinin tamamlanması

TÜBİTAK İÇTAG Proje01.03.200317 Ağustos 1999 İzmit depremi sonrasında Adapazarı'nda bina temellerinde meydana gelen deplasmanların mahiyetinin araştırılması ve ilişkin tasarım kriterlerinin belirlenmesi kapsamında Adapazarı'ndan alınan zemin numuneleri üzerinde statik ve dinamik üç eksenli deneyler yapılmıştır. Statik deneylerde standart prosedür takip edilmiş, dinamik deneylerde ise belirli CSR değerleri ve çevrim sayılan uygulandıktan sonra numune ani yüklemeyle yenilmiştir. Bulgular deprem sırasında bu zeminlerin yumuşadığını, ancak ani yükleme nedeniyle kayma mukavemetlerinde artışlar meydana gelmiş olduğunu göstermektedir

INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL SHOCK BEHAVIOUR IN ALUMINA BASED REFRACTORY BRICKS

cUnderstanding of mechanical and thermal properties of refractory bricks used in industry is an important aspect to determine appropriate operating conditions. In this study, commercial refractory materials used in the sector of iron steel 45 % and 80 % alumina (Al2O3) of content refractory bricks were investigated. To determinate thermal shock behavior and mechanical properties of samples, thermal shock tests were applied by quenching in the water at the temperature differences of 500, 700, 900 and 1000 0 C. Three point bending test was examined for changes occured in the microstructure of materials. The critical temperature difference, modulus of rupture (MOR), changes of elastic modulus (E), thermal shock parameters such as resistance to crack initiation (R) and resistance to crack propagation (R''') were calculated. Not with thermal treatment samples was examined same properties in the room temperature and to compare results of tests. The critical temperature difference of materials was found to be about 600 0 C. Crack start from samples of edges, space of spilling grains and microcracks occured around grains and they cause a damage by connecting to each other

Metaphoric Perceptions of the Preservice Turkish Teachers about the Term 'Philosophy

Felsefe, insanın bilinçlenmesinde, evreni, dünyayı ve kendisini anlama ve anlamlandırmasında önemli bir işleve sahiptir. Öğretmenlik mesleğinin felsefeyle ilişkili olması, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin de dil kullanımı ilkelerini öğreten ve bu vesileyle düşünmeye sevk eden bir alanda olmalarıyla felsefe kavramsal olarak daha da önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkçe eğitimi ana bilim dalı öğrencilerinin "felsefe" kavramına ilişkin algılarını metaforlar aracılığıyla tespit etmektir. Çalışma grubunu Çukurova Üniversitesi Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalında 2, 3 ve 4. sınıflarda eğitim gören öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak her öğrenciye "Felsefe ... gibidir. Çünkü ..." ifadesinin yazılı olduğu pusulalar verilmiş ve boşlukların doldurulması istenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen metaforlar farklı kategorilerde toplanmıştır. Araştırmada felsefenin Türkçe eğitiminde okuyan öğrenciler gözünde nerede olduğu ve eğitimde ne şekilde kullanılacağı hususunda ipuçları elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır.Philosophy has a significant function in the awakening of human, understanding and perceiving the universe, the world and himself. Philosophy has gained more importance conceptually. The basic purpose of this study is to determine the perceptions of the students in the Department of Turkish Education about the term, philosophy through metaphors. The study group consists of the students in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades in the Department of Turkish Education in Çukurova University. As data collecting tool, each student was given papers in which the expression -Philosophy is like ..., because ...- is included and they were required to fill in the blank places. The metaphors obtained in the study were collected under different categories. In the study, it was attempted to determine what place the philosophy is in the eyes of the students studying Turkish and find out some clues about how it can be used in education

'Savaşçı bir şair tasarımı'nın atası olarak Tevfik Fikret

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 98/A-Tevfik Fikretİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033)Tevfik Fikret'in bir başka yönüSavaşımcı bir şair olarak T. FikretTevfik Fikret'in şiiri konusunda bazı eleştiri ve değerlendirmele

Metabolic syndrome: major impact on coronary risk in a population with low cholesterol levels - a prospective and cross-sectional evaluation

The prevalence and the excess coronary heart disease (CHD) risk of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components were investigated in the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study in both a prospective and a cross-sectional manner. In a population sample, representative of Turkish adults who have low levels of high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), MS was identified in conformity with the definition used in the recent NCEP guidelines. Prospective analysis was based on 2398 men and women (mean age at baseline 49.1 +/- 13 years) who had a baseline examination in 1997/98 and were followed-up for a mean of 3 years. CHD was diagnosed based on clinical findings and Minnesota coding of resting electrocardiograms. Fatal and nonfatal CHD developed in 126 subjects. 27% of men and 38.6% of women were found to have MS at baseline examination. When adjusted for age, MS was an independent predictor of subsequent overall fatal and nonfatal CHD in both genders, displaying ail RR of 1.71. At the final cross-sectional evaluation, coronary risk associated with MS in men was primarily accounted for by standard MS components (largely inherent in glucose intolerance, hypertension and in a surrogate of small, dense LDL particles), in addition to a minor independent contribution by C-reactive protein (CRP). In women with MS, a substantial residual coronary risk remained after controlling for five components, which was partly accounted for by levels of LDL-C and CRP. It was estimated that MS was the culprit in just over half the cases of CHD in Turkey. Conclusion: MS was the major determinant of CHD risk in a population having generally low levels of HDL-C and LDL-C in middle-aged and elderly adults, extending to three out of every eight adults, and imposing an overall excess CHD risk of approximately 70%. In contrast to men, a substantial residual coronary risk is retained in Turkish women after controlling for five MS components. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Structural, electronic, optical, vibrational and transport properties of CuBX2 (X = S, Se, Te) chalcopyrites

The structural, electronic and optical properties of CuBX2 (X = S, Se, Te) chalcopyrite semiconductors have been studied using the full-potential (linearized) augmented plane-wave (FP(L) APW) method based on the density functional theory (DFT) within the Yukawa screened-PBE0 (YS-PBE0) hybrid functional as implemented in the WIEN2k package. We have found that our calculated structural and electronic parameters such as lattice parameter, tetragonal ratio, anion displacement and energy band gap are in very good agreement with previous experimental results. We have also presented the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function, refractive index and absorption coefficients to describe optical properties of the investigated chalcopyrite semiconductors. Furthermore, the phonon dispersion curves and corresponding density of states have been studied by using a linear response approach based on the density functional perturbation theory implemented in the Quantum ESPRESSO code. Finally, transport properties such as the Seebeck coefficient, thermal and electrical conductivity and the figure of merit for these materials have been calculated using the semi-classical Boltzmann theory as implemented in the BoltzTraP code