Utilization of health care services by migrants in Europe-a systematic literature review.

Introduction: Our study reviewed the empirical evidence on the utilization of health care services by migrants in Europe, and on differences in health service utilization between migrants and non-migrants across European countries. Sources of data: A systematic literature review was performed, searching the databases Medline, Cinahl and Embase and covering the period from January 2009 to April 2016. The final number of articles included was 39. Areas of agreement: Utilization of accident and emergency services and hospitalizations were higher among migrants compared with non-migrants in most countries for which evidence was available. In contrast, screening and outpatient visits for specialized care were generally used less often by migrants. Areas of controversy: Utilization of general practitioner services among migrants compared with non-migrants presents a diverging picture. Growing points: Compared with previous systematic reviews, the results indicate a clearer picture of the differences in health service utilization between migrants and non-migrants in Europe. Areas timely for developing research: A comprehensive comparison across European countries is impossible because the number of studies is still limited. Further research should also help to identify barriers regarding the utilization of health care services by migrants

Innovative methods of atomic force microscopy in oncology diagnostics

The purpose of this work is to study the morphological forms of erythrocytes, and also pathomorphological changes in prostate gland and kidneys with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) during oncological processes. Results: The decrease of discocytes was observed, and the number of transitional, pre-hemolytic and degenerative forms of erythrocytes increased. During the study of the external level of erythrocytes using AFM, it was established that the depth of the discocyte cavity counted by the study of a cell profile changed significantl

Health of teenagers in large and small cities in the Urals

The article analyzes the characteristics of healthy behaviors of school youth in large and medium-sized cities in the Urals (for example, Yekaterinburg and Lesnoy). Particular attention is paid to saving the health of children in the parental home and outside of it — in the urban environment. It turns out people's attitude to the development of physical culture, sport and healthy lifestyles of young people as its maturity.В статье анализируются особенности здоровьесберегающего поведения школьной молодёжи больших и средних городов Урала (на примере гг.Екатеринбург и Лесной). Особое внимание уделяется проблемам сбережения здоровья детей в родительской семье и вне её — в городской среде. Выясняется отношение населения к развитию физической культуры, спорта и здоровому образу жизни молодёжи по мере её взросления.Исследования проводились на основе договоров о творческом сотрудничестве социологов Института экономики УРО РАН со специалистами ряда уральских вузов, в частности: Уральского федерального университета (УрФУ), Уральского государственного университета путей сообщения (УрГУПС); Нижневартовского государственного гуманитарного университета (НГГУ), Челябинского государственного педагогического университет (ЧГПУ), Южно-Уральского государственного университета (ЮУрГУ) и др

Ecologo-valeological memory of the population in ural areas of radioactive contamination

Статья посвящена одной из малоизученных в науках о Человеке проблеме эколого-валеологической памяти в индивидуальном и общественном сознании населения, проживающего на территориях радиоактивного загрязнения. Выводы авторов базируются на результатах ряда мониторинговых социально-экономических и социолого-валеологических исследований, проведенных в Институте экономики УрО РАН в 1992-2013 гг. в городах и поселениях трех уральских областей (Челябинской, Свердловской и Курганской), расположенных на «Восточно-Уральской территории радиоактивного загрязнения» (ВУТРЗ).Article focuses on one of the little-known in the science of man-ecological problem Valeologic memory in individual and social consciousness of the population living in the areas of radioactive contamination. The article is based on the results of monitoring a number of socio-economic and sociological-Valeologic research conducted at the Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of RAS in 1992-2013 gg. in the towns and villages of three regions of the Urals (Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Kurgan), located at the "East-Ural area of radioactive contamination" (EUARC)

To the question of regionalization of professional education in economic transformation (scientific and theoretical theses)

Одной из основополагающих социально-экономических детерминант развития рыночных отношений в России является регионализация профессионального образования. Определяя содержание и сущность этого процесса, авторы статьи анализируют его неоднозначное влияние на формирование спроса и предложения кадров специалистов в рамках делового сотрудничества Вузов с предприятиями региона. В предлагаемой статье анализируются также некоторые актуальные проблемы жизненного самоопределения юношей и девушек, их ценностные ориентации в сфере профессионального образования и трудозанятости, влияние на этот процесс семьи, вуза, среды ближайшего окружения. Выводы и предложения авторов основаны на результатах социологических исследований, проведѐнных ими в ряде уральских вузов.One of the fundamental socio- economic determinants of the development of market relations in Russia is the regionalization of vocational education. Determining the content and gist of this process, the authors analyze its the ambiguous effect on the formation of the supply and demand of specialists within the business cooperation with companies in the region of High Schools In the present article analyzes some current problems of vital self-determination of boys and girls, and their value orientations in the field of vocational education and employment of influence on this process family, university, media entourage. Conclusions and proposals of the authors based on the results of sociological studies conducted in a number of Ural universities

Preferences of Hungarian consumers for quality, access and price attributes of health care services — result of a discrete choice experiment

In 2010, a household survey was carried out in Hungary among 1037 respondents to study consumer preferences and willingness to pay for health care services. In this paper, we use the data from the discrete choice experiments included in the survey, to elicit the preferences of health care consumers about the choice of health care providers. Regression analysis is used to estimate the effect of the improvement of service attributes (quality, access, and price) on patients’ choice, as well as the differences among the socio-demographic groups. We also estimate the marginal willingness to pay for the improvement in attribute levels by calculating marginal rates of substitution. The results show that respondents from a village or the capital, with low education and bad health status are more driven by the changes in the price attribute when choosing between health care providers. Respondents value the good skills and reputation of the physician and the attitude of the personnel most, followed by modern equipment and maintenance of the office/hospital. Access attributes (travelling and waiting time) are less important. The method of discrete choice experiment is useful to reveal patients’ preferences, and might support the development of an evidence-based and sustainable health policy on patient payments

INGA 3D - creative transfer of competence in 3D footwear CAD to VET professionals

INGA 3D project - Creative Transfer of Competence in 3D Footwear CAD to VET Professionals aims to transfer and extend innovative software solutions and 3D technologies for Footwear Computer Aided Design. The project brings together universities, research and training centres, adult education providers and IT companies from Romania, Spain, Portugal, and UK. The project products introduce innovative solutions for e-learning in order to test and to validate new teaching methodologies and approaches suitable for vocational training. The INGA 3D training content, its supportive guide as well as the online learning platform was designed, developed, tested and evaluated in line with the best practices identified by partners in their institutions, countries and elsewhere in Europe. INGA 3D project contributes to developing skills and competencies of VET teachers, trainers, tutors, in order to face the future challenges raised by the necessity of adding to the current curricula in VET institutions ICT skill sets that will enable their graduates to work with highly specialized footwear CAD technologies

Event-related alpha suppression in response to facial motion

This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.While biological motion refers to both face and body movements, little is known about the visual perception of facial motion. We therefore examined alpha wave suppression as a reduction in power is thought to reflect visual activity, in addition to attentional reorienting and memory processes. Nineteen neurologically healthy adults were tested on their ability to discriminate between successive facial motion captures. These animations exhibited both rigid and non-rigid facial motion, as well as speech expressions. The structural and surface appearance of these facial animations did not differ, thus participants decisions were based solely on differences in facial movements. Upright, orientation-inverted and luminance-inverted facial stimuli were compared. At occipital and parieto-occipital regions, upright facial motion evoked a transient increase in alpha which was then followed by a significant reduction. This finding is discussed in terms of neural efficiency, gating mechanisms and neural synchronization. Moreover, there was no difference in the amount of alpha suppression evoked by each facial stimulus at occipital regions, suggesting early visual processing remains unaffected by manipulation paradigms. However, upright facial motion evoked greater suppression at parieto-occipital sites, and did so in the shortest latency. Increased activity within this region may reflect higher attentional reorienting to natural facial motion but also involvement of areas associated with the visual control of body effectors. © 2014 Girges et al

RhoA knockout fibroblasts lose tumor-inhibitory capacity in vitro and promote tumor growth in vivo

Fibroblasts are a main player in the tumor-inhibitory microenvironment. Upon tumor initiation and progression, fibroblasts can lose their tumor-inhibitory capacity and promote tumor growth. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this switch have not been defined completely. Previously, we identified four proteins over-expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and linked to Rho GTPase signaling. Here, we show that knocking out the Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) gene in normal fibroblasts decreased their tumor-inhibitory capacity, as judged by neighbor suppression in vitro and accompanied by promotion of tumor growth in vivo. This also induced PC3 cancer cell motility and increased colony size in 2D cultures. RhoA knockout in fibroblasts induced vimentin intermediate filament reorganization, accompanied by reduced contractile force and increased stiffness of cells. There was also loss of wide F-actin stress fibers and large focal adhesions. In addition, we observed a significant loss of a-smooth muscle actin, which indicates a difference between RhoA knockout fibroblasts and classic cancer-associated fibroblasts. In 3D collagen matrix, RhoA knockout reduced fibroblast branching and meshwork formation and resulted in more compactly clustered tumor-cell colonies in coculture with PC3 cells, which might boost tumor stem-like properties. Coculturing RhoA knockout fibroblasts and PC3 cells induced expression of proinflammatory genes in both. Inflammatory mediators may induce tumor cell stemness. Network enrichment analysis of transcriptomic changes, however, revealed that the Rho signaling pathway per se was significantly triggered only after coculturing with tumor cells. Taken together, our findings in vivo and in vitro indicate that Rho signaling governs the inhibitory effects by fibroblasts on tumor-cell growth.Peer reviewe

Experts see it all: configural effects in action observation

Biological motion perception is influenced by observers’ familiarity with the observed action. Here we used classical dance as a means to investigate how visual and motor experience modulates perceptual mechanism for configural processing of actions. While some ballet moves are performed by only one gender, male and female dancers train together and acquire visual knowledge of all ballet moves. 24 expert ballet dancers (12 female) and matched non-expert participants viewed pairs of upright and inverted point light female and common dance movements. Visual discrimination between different exemplars of the same movement presented upright was significantly better in experts than controls, while no differences were found when the same stimuli were presented upside down. These results suggest expertise influences configural action processing. Within the expert group, effects were stronger for female participants than for males, while no differences were found between movement types. This observer gender effect could suggest an additional role for motor familiarity in action perception, over and above visual experience. Our results are consistent with a specific motor contribution to configural processing of action