Implementasi E-Government dalam Pelayanan Publik Berbasis Website di Desa Tondowolio Kabupaten Kolaka

The development of the digital era in Indonesia has driven the implementation of e-government in governmental management and public services. The purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation of web-based information systems in public services in Tondowolio Village using three main indicators: support, capacity, and value. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on these three key indicators. The research subjects include village officials, website managers, and community members who use the website services, with informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and document studies and then analyzed using the Interactive Model Analysis, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study's findings indicate that the support of village government, the availability of technological infrastructure, and adequate human resources are key factors in the success of e-government. However, challenges remain in the areas of regulation, socialization, and public understanding of web-based services. The implementation of e-government in this village has brought significant benefits in improving the efficiency and transparency of public services, although further efforts are needed to optimize its use by the entire community

Dynamics of simian immunodeficiency virus two-long-terminal-repeat circles in the presence and absence of CD8+ Cells

Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights ReservedCD8+ cells play a key role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, but their specific mechanism(s) of action in controlling the virus is unclear. Two-long-terminal-repeat (2-LTR) circles are extrachromosomal products generated upon failed integration of HIV/SIV. To understand the specific effects of CD8+ cells on infected cells, we analyzed the dynamics of 2-LTR circles in SIVmac251-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) treated with an integrase inhibitor (INT). Twenty RMs underwent CD8+ cell depletion and received raltegravir (RAL) monotherapy or a combination of both. Blood, lymph nodes (LNs), and gut biopsy specimens were routinely sampled. Plasma viral loads (pVLs) and 2-LTR circles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and LN lymphocytes were measured with quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). In the CD8 depletion group, an ∼1-log increase in pVLs and a slow increase in PBMC 2-LTRs occurred following depletion. In the INT group, a strong decline in pVLs upon treatment initiation and no change in 2-LTR levels were observed. In the INT and CD8+ cell depletion group, an increase in pVLs following CD8 depletion similar to that in the CD8 depletion group was observed, with a modest decline following INT initiation, and 2-LTR circles significantly increased in PBMCs and LNs. Analyzing the 2-LTR data across all treatment groups with a mathematical model indicates that the data best support an effect of CD8+ cells in killing cells prior to viral integration. Sensitivity analyses of these results confirm that effect but also allow for additional effects, which the data do not discriminate well. Overall, we show that INT does not significantly increase the levels of 2-LTR circles. However, CD8+ cell depletion increases the 2-LTR levels, which are enhanced in the presence of an INT.IMPORTANCE CD8+ T cells play an essential role in controlling HIV and SIV infection, but the specific mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Due to failed viral infection, HIV and SIV can form 2-LTR extrachromosomal circles that can be quantified. We present novel data on the dynamics of these 2-LTR forms in a SIV-infected macaque model under three different treatment conditions: depletion of CD8+ cells, administration of the integrase inhibitor in a monotherapy, which favors the formation of 2-LTR circles, and a combination of the two treatments. We used a new mathematical model to help interpret the data, and the results suggest that CD8+ cells exert a killing effect on infected cells prior to virus integration. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of CD8+ cells in SIV infection. Confirmation of our results would be an important step in understanding immune control of HIV.This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute grants AI104373 (R.M.R.), R01 HL117715 (I.P.), R01 AI119346 (C.A.), and R01 HL123096 (I.P.). B.B.P. was supported in part by the NIH training grant T32 AI065380.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Poverty Impacts of Preferential and Multilateral Trade Liberalization on the Philippines: a Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

The Philippines has been participating in preferential and multilateral trade liberalization since the 1990s. However, the poverty effects of these trading arrangements are not yet fully known. This paper, which uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, finds that reducing both Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) tariff rate and ASEAN Free Trade Area’s Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) rate, combined with enhancing direct income taxes to offset the loss in tariff revenue, are instrumental in reducing poverty in the country. It also shows that the relatively poor and less-skilled household groups, like agricultural workers and industrial workers, as well as the poorest of the poor, gain from such trading arrangements because these substantially lower consumer prices. As such, this paper proposes that the Philippine government be more active and further promote preferential and multilateral trade liberalization in order to help eradicate poverty.Computable general equilibrium, international trade, social accounting matrix, Philippines, poverty

Quantifying life quality as walkability on urban networks : the case of Budapest

Life quality in cities is deeply related to the mobility options, and how easily one can access different services and attractions. The pedestrian infrastructure network provides the backbone for social life in cities. While there are many approaches to quantify life quality, most do not take specifically into account the walkability of the city, and rather offer a city-wide measure. Here we develop a data-driven, network-based method to quantify the liveability of a city. We introduce a life quality index (LQI) based on pedestrian accessibility to amenities and services, safety and environmental variables. Our computational approach outlines novel ways to measure life quality in a more granular scale, that can become valuable for urban planners, city officials and stakeholders. We apply data-driven methods to Budapest, but as having an emphasis on the online and easily available quantitative data, the methods can be generalized and applied to any city

ESTIMAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS PCOs E PCVs POR INTEGRAÇÃO NUMÉRICA

Para melhorar a qualidade da estimativa das coordenadas tridimensionais de um ponto na superfície da Terra, é necessário que os erros decorrentes da variação do centro de fase da antena do receptor GNSS sejam conhecidos e modelados. A modelagem depende do conhecimento dos parâmetros associados à localização do centro de fase, PCO e PCV, os quais são determinados mediante procedimentos de calibração em caráter absoluto ou relativo. Neste artigo são utilizados dados de calibrações relativas da antena Leica AX 1202GG conduzidas pela BCAL/UFPR utilizando o programa de calibração WaSoft/Kalib. Parâmetros PCOs, estabelecidos pelo programa, são considerados como condições iniciais para a propagação dos parâmetros por meio de integração numérica, desde uma data inicial até uma data final. Com base nos parâmetros PCOs propagados, novos parâmetros PCVs também são estimados. Os parâmetros preditos são comparados com os parâmetros calibrados para a mesma época. Os resultados mostram discrepâncias máximas de pouco mais de 4 mm para a componente vertical do vetor PCO e de 5,5 mm para as PCVs quando são consideradas campanhas afetadas por precipitação. Utilizando campanhas sem ocorrência de precipitação, os resultados máximos para as discrepâncias dos parâmetros PCO e PCV não ultrapassam 1,5 e 2,2 mm, respectivamente