5-Bromo­pyrimidin-2(1H)-one

The geometric parameters of the title compound, C4H3BrN2O, are in the usual ranges. The crystal packing is characterized by N—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and short O⋯Br contacts

A Study on Relationship between Body Condition Score (BCS) and Milk Yield, Fat and Solids-Not-Fat Percent in Murrah Graded Buffaloes under Field Conditions

The present experiment was a study on the relationship of Body Condition Score with milk yield, fat and solids-not-fat percent in murrah graded buffaloes under field conditions. In this murrah graded buffaloes from different commercial farms of Guntur and Krishna districts were selected. Total of 150 murrah graded buffaloes of different parities (1 st to 6 th parities) were selected. Various parameters like BCS, related to average milk yield, fat per cent, SNF per cent was taken into consideration for the present study and a correlated study of BCS and the milk yield was studied. The selected animals were divided into four groups based on BCS as 2.5-2.99, 3.0-3.49, 3.5-3.99, 4.0-4.49. The mean BCS values of 2.5-2.99, 3.0-3.49, 3.5-3.99, 4.0-4.49 were 2.62, 3.25, 3.56 and 4.25 respectively. Highest milk yield was recorded in second month of lactation and lowest in first month of lactation with 9.445±0.15 and 6.18±0.08 kg per day, respectively. The buffaloes with BCS 4.0-4.49 yielded higher milk yield when compared to other groups. Highest fat and SNF percent was observed in the animals with BCS 4.0-4.49 when compared with others. The BCS had showed high positive correlation with SNF (0.44) and milk yield (0.41).&nbsp

Studies on heavy metal pollution in selected edible bivalves of North Kerala

The primary purpose of the present work was to study the presence and distribution of certain heavy metals in the bivalve molluscs, Crassostrea madrasensis, Saccostrea cucullata and Sunetta scripta of the estuarine and mangrove areas of North Kerala. Estimation of metal contents were also done in the sediment and water samples obtained from areas where the bivalves were collected to know the source and accumulation trend. It has been observed that, bivalves accumulated most of the heavy metals several times more than that found in water. Accumulation of zinc was found highest followed by Copper, Cadmium and Mercury in the months of November - December in all stations; during the entire period of study in the bivalves as well as In sediments. Copper was found more in the water samples. While Cadmium was detected above the permissible level in the bivalves in all the stations during the entire period of study, mercury contents were above the permissible limits in bivalves during certain months (mainly August - September) in all the stations. The pattern of accumulation in different bivalves did not exhibit much difference. The biomagnification of heavy metals was maximum in Saccostrea cucullata followed by Crassostrea madrasensis and Sunetta scripta. ANOVA was done for the monthly variation of metal contents in bivalve of each station and observed significant difference in some months. No correlation could be discernible between metal concentration in bivalves and aquatic abiotic parameters such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and length of the animal collected from different estuaries and mangrove areas

Predicting Severity Of Osteoarthritis Using Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (Rcnn) And Medical Imaging Data

Cartilage degeneration causing functional incapacity and discomfort defines common joint condition Osteoarthritis (OA). Correct classification of OA severity from knee X-ray images determines diagnosis and treatment course. Conventional methods of OA severity classification rely on hand inspection or basic machine learning techniques, which could not effectively capture the complex trends in imaging data. Using a dataset of 9,786 knee X-ray images, this work uses Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN) to project OA severity. Combining recurrent layers in the RCNN architecture helps to capture temporal correlations in spatial information, hence enhancing classification performance. Defining the dataset are five KL grades: 0 (healthy) to 4 (severe). This beats by around 5%, 7%, and 3%, respectively standard CNN, Deep Neural Network (DNN), and Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN), with a precision of 87.2%, recall of 88.9%, accuracy of 89.5%, and F1-score of 88.0%

Ethyl 4-(3-bromo-2-thien­yl)-2-oxo-6-phenyl­cyclo­hex-3-ene-1-carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C19H17BrO3S, crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The methyl group of one mol­ecule is disordered approximately equally over two positions. The dihedral angles between the thio­phene and phenyl groups are 68.5 (2) and 67.5 (2)° in the two mol­ecules

(2E)-3-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-(3-bromo-2-thien­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title mol­ecule, C14H9BrO3S, the the prop-2-en-1-one (enone) fragment is close to planar [C—C—C—O = 2.5 (7)°] and it subtends dihedral angles of 12.5 (3) and 5.3 (4)° with respect to the thio­phene and benzene rings, respectively. The dihedral angle between the aromatic ring systems is 12.60 (18)°. Two C—H⋯O inter­actions help to consolidate the non-centrosymmetic crystal packing, which features undulating (100) sheets incorporating C(11) and C(12) chain motifs

1-(3-Bromo-2-thien­yl)ethanone

In the title compound, C6H5BrOS, the non-H and aromatic H atoms lie on a crystallographic mirror plane. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into chains propagating along the c axis by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

STUDY OF EARLY RADIATION PNEUMONITIS IN CARCINOMA BREAST AND LUNG TREATED WITH RADIOTHERAPY

Introduction: Radiation induced Pulmonary toxicity is common after radiation therapy (RT) to the thorax. Breast Cancer is one of the commonest cancers requiring chest wall irradiation. The quantification of lung tissue response to irradiation is important in designing treatments for maximum tumor control. Objective: To study the impact of lung volume irradiated on early pneumonitis in patients undergoing RT for breast cancer. Method: The Study was conducted as per ICH GCP guidelines and with Ethics Committee approval. This is prospective study of 26 patients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy to the chest wall. Computerized tomography (CT) simulation was part of treatment planning. The volume of lung irradiated was calculated by using both CLD (Central Lung Distance) method and summation of area technique. Chest x-ray and spirometric tests were done first as a baseline procedure and later at one month and at 3 months after completion of radiotherapy. Results: The incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis in carcinoma breast is 3.9%. With conventional technique of treatment planning for carcinoma breast, percentage of lung volume irradiated in majority of cases (16/26) was within 11% and CLD proved to be best predictor of it. The total dose of 45-50 Gy with conventional fractionation and dose/Fr of 180-200 cGy is safer. Conclusion: The spirometry is helpful in assessing the radiation damage of lung. The CLD method of calculation of PIV (Percentage of Irradiated Lung Volume) is recommended

Methyl 4,6-bis­(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-2-oxo­cyclo­hex-3-ene-1-carboxyl­ate

The 3-cyclo­hexene units adopt envelope conformations in each of the two independent mol­ecules that comprise the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C20H16F2O3. The dihedral angles between the two fluoro­phenyl rings are 79.7 (2) and 73.7 (2)° in the two mol­ecules. In one of the mol­ecules, two C—H groups of the cyclo­hexene ring are disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.818 (13):0.182 (13) ratio, the major and minor components corresponding to the two enanti­omeric forms of the mol­ecule. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions help to stabilize the crystal structure