Placing the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Marine Ecological Context: Potential Risks for Conservation of Marine Air-Breathing Animals and Future Zoonotic Outbreaks

En prens

Estudio sobre el conocimiento, el cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad y las causas de los accidentes biológicos en los estudiantes de Enfermería, durante las prácticas clínicas en la Universidad de A Coruña

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermarí

On the potential biases of scientific estimates of catches of tropical tunas of purse seiners the EU and other countries report to the ICCAT and IOTC

This document represents a first attempt to explore potential differences between the catches of tropical tunas estimated using the EU software T3 and those recorded on sale slips completed by the canning factories purchasing fish from vessels registered with OPAGAC in the Atlantic and Indian oceans, over the period 2011-16. The analysis identified potential sources of bias estimates of catch of tropical tunas may be subject to, of different magnitude depending on the ocean, fleet, and size category. The largest bias was recorded in the Indian Ocean. In the Atlantic Ocean the catches of yellowfin and bigeye tunas seem to be also underestimated, with underestimation of both large and small fish. Although the study is preliminary, the results obtained indicate that the system the EU is using to sample purse seine landings and estimate catches may be subject to bias which, if confirmed, could have consequences on the statistics, stock assessments, management advice, and management measures adopted by ICCAT and IOT

Usando ATL en la transformación de modelos multidimensionales temporales

Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) is a widely accepted approach to the complex software systems design. MDA\nproposes the use of models in every software development phase, from specification and analysis to implementation.\nModel transformation is the foundation of MDA, starting from a platform independent model, the aim is to achieve\nmore specific models, in each step. According to this philosophy we present a temporal multidimensional design\nmethodology which allows us to define concepts independently of any implementation issue. In the present work our\naim is using ATL (Atlas Trasformation Language) to define both the metamodel and the transformation rules for\nproviding a framework to derive a relational logical schema from an abstract temporal data model. Additionally we\nare designing an Eclipse plug-in for implementing the transformation.Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) es un enfoque ampliamente aceptado para el desarrollo de sistemas de software complejos. MDA propone el uso de modelos en todas las fases de desarrollo, desde la especificación y análisis hasta la implementación. La transformación de modelos es la base de MDA; comenzando por un modelo independiente de la plataforma el objetivo es lograr, en cada paso, modelos más específicos. Adhiriendo a esta filosofía, presentamos una metodología para el diseño de un datawarehouse temporal que permite definir los conceptos independientemente de la implementación. En el presente trabajo, nuestro propósito consiste en la definición de metamodelos y reglas de transformación usando ATL (Atlas Trasformation Language) que provean un marco para la derivación de un esquema lógico relacional a partir de un modelo de datos conceptual temporal. Además, estamos diseñando un plug-in en Eclipse para implementar dicha transformación.IV Workshop de Ingeniería de Software y Base de Dato

North Atlantic Oscillation and fisheries management during global climate change

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the most important large-scale climatic oscillation affecting the North Atlantic region. The variability introduced by the NAO affects many meteorological parameters, including wind speed and direction, and differences in air temperature and rainfall, particularly during the boreal winter. The NAO is also known to affect the ocean by changing heat content, sea surface temperature, gyre circulation, mixed layer depth, salinity, high-latitude deep water formation, and sea ice cover. Consequently, the NAO has been widely used to analyze the variability of marine ecosystems. Several researchers found that fishery resources were teleconnected with the NAO variability, resulting in a significant relationship between this climatic oscillation and fishery yields. More precisely, the NAO affects the target species abundance, recruitment, catchability, and body condition. These effects can be cumulative over time and act synergistically. In this study, the available information about this topic is reviewed, and the importance of the NAO as a large-scale climatic oscillation in fisheries management is discussed using an ecosystem approach. We also discuss the possible effects of climate change on Atlantic and Mediterranean fisheries if this change were to affect the NAO pattern.En prens

El fortalecimiento de la autonomía de los órganos electorales

The article discusses the conflict generated by the electoral powers conferred on the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States (CPEUM) and the Federal District Legislative Assembly (ALDF), which arises with the appointment of the positions of chair adviser and electoral advisers for the Federal District. The author describes the case in detail, outlining the regulatory amendments that were made, the injunction processes that took place and ends by presenting the resolution that was passed by the Supreme Court. The text delves into the analysis of the concepts of “independence” and “autonomy”. It argues that in the case of electoral institutions it is not an absolute but a relative concept; it also debates who the electoral entities are independent of.El artículo expone el conflicto generado entre las atribuciones en materia electoral de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (CPEUM) y la Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal (ALDF), el cual surge con el nombramiento de los cargos de Consejero Presidente y Consejeros Electorales para el Distrito Federal. El autor describe con minuciosidad el caso, detallando las modificaciones normativas que se emitieron, los procesos de impugnación que se realizaron, y finaliza mostrando la resolución dictada por la Suprema Corte de Justicia. El texto ahonda en el análisis de los conceptos de «independencia» y «autonomía». Sostiene que en el caso de los órganos electorales no es un concepto absoluto sino relativo; asimismo, participa en el debate respecto de qué o quién son independientes los institutos electorales

México: instituciones constitucionales, democracia y cambio

El presente es un estudio sobre nuestras instituciones constitucionales a partir del análisis de las propuestas de diversos politólogos nacionales y extranjeros sobre el sistema político mexicano. Inicia con las opiniones de Linz, Shugar y Sartori sobre los sistemas que, institucionalmente, facilitan la aparición y consolidación de la democracia. Continúa con un análisis de la Constitución mexicana de 1917 y realiza un balance sobre su aplicación, aplicabilidad e influencia en el sistema político mexicano y viceversa. Culmina con una serie de conclusiones y propuestas sobre posibles reformas a nuestro entramado estatal.This is an essay about the topic of political Systems. Bases on the ideas of Linz, Shugart and Sartori, what the author is looking for is just to try to show the influence of the Mexican Constitution in the political System and the influence of this in the structure of the Mexican State. The second part is focused on the analysis of the current constitutional norms and the posibility to change them. Finally, the author offer several conclusions and proposals of constitutional reforms

Spatio-temporal distribution of juvenile oceanic whitetip shark incidental catch in the western Indian Ocean

Oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) is an important top predator in pelagic ecosystems currently classified as globally Critically Endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. This species is incidentally caught by fisheries targeting highly migratory tunas and billfishes throughout the Indian Ocean. Understanding the temporal, spatial and environmental factors influencing the capture of this species is essential to reduce incidental catches. In this study, we used generalized additive models to analyze the spatio-temporal distributions of the juvenile oceanic whitetip shark catches and the environmental conditions in the western Indian Ocean using observer data from 2010 to 2020 of the European Union and associated flags purse seine fishery. We found sea surface temperature and nitrate concentration to be the most important environmental variables predicting the probability of catching an oceanic whitetip shark. A higher probability of capture was predicted in areas where sea surface temperature was below 24°C and with low nitrate concentrations close to zero and intermediate values (1.5-2.5 mmol.m-3). We also found a higher probability of capture in sets on fish aggregating devices than in sets on free schools of tuna. The Kenya and Somalia basin was identified to have higher probabilities of capture during the summer monsoon (June to September) when upwelling of deep cold waters occurs. We provide the first prediction maps of capture probabilities and insights into the environmental preferences of oceanic whitetip shark in the western Indian Ocean. However, the causal mechanisms behind these insights should be explored in future studies before they can be used to design spatial management and conservation strategies, such as time-area closures, for bycatch avoidance.Postprin