RUANG LINGKUP STRUKTUR FONOLOGI BAHASA ARAB

The phonological aspect is considered to have an important role in the beginning of learning Arabic, where in general errors often occur in the phonological aspect of learning Arabic. So this paper will examine the scope of contrastive analysis in the phonological structure of Arabic. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach through analysis and literature study on relevant literature. So the result is that the scope studied from phonology (sound science) includes physiological aspects (articulation) and acoustic aspects (physics). The physiological aspect describes articulation, the position of language sounds and the vibrations of language sounds. As for the acoustic aspect, it discusses issues regarding the influence of the sounds of the language heard which appear in the air in the graphics of the sounds of the language reaching the listener's ear to produce the influence of certain speech sounds. The implications of this research should be that as a teacher or learner of Arabic pay close attention.Aspek fonologi dinilai memiliki peran penting dalam permulaan pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang pada umumnya sering terjadi kesalahan di dalam aspek fonologi pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Maka tulisan ini akan mengkaji ruang lingkup analisis kontrastif dalam struktur fonologi bahasa Arab. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriftif melalui analisis dan studi pustaka atas literer yang relevan. Maka diperoleh hasil bahwa ruang lingkup yang dipelajari dari fonologi (ilmu bunyi) meliputi aspek fisiologikal (artikulasi) dan aspek akustik (fisikel).Aspek fisiologikal mengutarakan tentang artikulasi, posisi bunyi bahasa dan getaran bunyi bahasa. Adapun aspek akustik membicarakan persoalan-persoalan mengenai pengaruh bunyi bahasa yang terdengar yang nampak di udara dalam grafik bunyi bahasa yang sampai ke telinga pendengar hingga menghasilkan pengaruh bunyi bahasa tertentu. Implikasi pada penelitian ini hendaknya sebagai guru atau pembelajar bahasa Arab memperhatikan dengan seksama

Implementasi kebijakan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung Tahun 2019

INDONESIA Penelitian ini dilatarbelakngi oleh banyaknya kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan salah satunya Kebijakan Peraturan Menteri Sosial RI No 1 Tahun 2018 Tentang Program Keluarga Harapan. Program Keluarga Harapan merupakan program penanggulangan kemiskinan berupa bantuan tunai kepada keluarga miskin yang telah memenuhi peryaratan. Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan peneliti ditemukan bahwa terdapat permasalahan mengenai data dari pemerintah yang tidak tepat sasaran dan tidak sesuai dengan fakta dilapangan, dana pendukung kegiatan PKH yang sangat minim, serta sisitem pengaduan yang sulit dan membutuhkan proses yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Implementasi Kebijakan Peraturan Menteri Sosial RI No 1 Tahun 2018 Tentang Program Keluarga Harapan di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung dan kendala apa saja yang dihadapi dalam Implementasi Kebijakan Program Keluarga Harapan di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini terdiri dari satu variabel yaitu implementasi kebijakan, penulis mengacu pada teori implementasi kebijakan publik model Van Matter dan Van Horn bahwa terdapat 6 variabel yang mempengaruhi kinerja implementasi kebijakan publik yaitu ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumber daya, karakteristik agen pelaksana, sikap atau kecenderungan para pelaksana, komunikasi antar organisasi dan aktivitas pelaksana dan lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, dan politik. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam melakukan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah observasi, dokumantasi, dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/ vertifikasi. Hasil penelitian dari keseluruhan dimensi yang dikemukakan oleh Van Matter dan Van Horn maka implementasi Kebijakan Program Keluarga Harapan di Kecamatan Cibiru Kota Bandung sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik sehingga tujuan kebijakan sudah tercapai, tetapi belum secara maksimal kerena ada beberapa indikator dari dimensi-dimensi implemantasi kebijakan yang kurang terlaksana dengan baik, dan adanya beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaa program seperti data yang tidak sesuai dengan fakta dilapangan, dana kegiatan yang sangat minim serta sisitem pengaduan yang sulit lama. Untuk implementasi Kebijakan Program Keluarga Harapan perlu ditingkatkan lagi pengawasan baik dari masyarakat maupun pejabat pemerintah. ENGLISH This research is motivated by many policies issued by the government to tackle poverty, one of them is the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs Republic of Indonesia No. 1 of 2018 concerning the Family Hope Program. Family Hope Program is a poverty alleviation program in the form of cash assistance to poor families who have fulfilled the requirements. Based on observations made by researchers, it was found that there were problems regarding data from the government that were not on target and did not match the facts in the field, funding support for PKH activities was very minimum, as well as complaints systems that were difficult and required a long process. This research aims to determine how the Policy Implementation of the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. 1 of 2018 concerning the Family Hope Program in the Cibiru District of Bandung City and any obstacles encountered in the Implementation of the Family Hope Program Policy in the Cibiru District of Bandung City. This research consists of one variable, namely policy implementation, the author refers to the theory of public policy by Van Matter and Van Horn model that there are 6 variables that affect the performance of public policy implementation, which are the size and objectives of the policy, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, attitudes or trends implementing, communication between organizations and implementing activities. The method used by the author in conducting this research is qualitative approach with the type of descriptive research. Data sources used are primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques of this study were observation, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis is performed through data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions/verification. The results of the research of all dimensions revealed by Van Matter and Van Horn, so the implementation of the Hope Family Program in Cibiru District, Bandung City has been implemented well so that the policy objectives have been achieved, but not optimally because there are several indicators of the dimensions of policy implementation are not well implemented and there are some obstacles in the implementation of the program such as data that is not in accordance with the facts in the field, very minimum activity funds and complaints systems that are difficult for a long time. For the implementation of the Hope Family Program it is necessary to increase supervision from both the community and government officials

Kemahiran Belajar Dan Hubungannya Dengan Pencapaian Akademik: Kajian Di Daerah Kerian, Perak (The Relationship Between Learning Skills And Students Academic Achievement: A Study In The District Of Kerian, Perak)

Kajian ini bertujuan mengukur perhubungan antara kemahiran belajar dengan pencapaian akademik dalam kalangan pelajar pelbagai kebolehan di daerah Kerian, Perak. Di samping itu, kajian ini bertujuan menunjukkan sama ada terdapat perbezaan kemahiran belajar antara pelajar lelaki dengan pelajar perempuan, kepelbagaian pencapaian akademik dan lokasi sekolah seperti bandar dan luar bandar. Seramai 180 orang pelajar tingkatan empat yang mewakili dua buah sekolah yang berada di lokasi yang berbeza terlibat dalam kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan satu set soal selidik kemahiran belajar yang mengandungi dua bahagian. Bahagian pertama mengandungi maklumat demografi responden seperti nama sekolah dan jantina. Bahagian kedua pula mengandungi soalan mengenai kemahiran belajar. Data kajian dianalisis menggunakan ujian korelasi Pearson bagi mengukur perhubungan antara kemahiran belajar dengan pencapaian akademik. Ujian-t digunakan bagi mengenal pasti perbezaan kemahiran belajar antara jantina dan lokasi sekolah. Ujian ANOVA digunakan untuk mengenal pasti perbezaan kemahiran belajar di kalangan pelajar pelbagai kebolehan pencapaian akademik. Keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan pada kemahiran belajar di kalangan pelajar tingkatan empat yang berlainan jantina dan lokasi sekolah. Keputusan ujian ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan kemahiran belajar dalam kalangan pelajar pelbagai kebolehan pencapaian akademik. Ujian korelasi Pearson r pula menunjukkan terdapat perhubungan positif antara kemahiran belajar dengan pencapaian akademik (PMR)

Optimization of extraction conditions of antioxidant activity from zingiber zerumbet oleoresin

The health promoting capacity of natural antioxidant from phytochemicals has increase attention from researchers and public. However, processing is affecting the activity and the bioavailability of bioactive compounds. Therefore, the optimization of extraction condition of antioxidant activity from Zingiber zerumbet oleoresin was investigated. A Box-Behnken design technique was employed to study the effect of different range parameters of soxhlet extraction. Analysis of variance and response surface methodology were applied to identify the optimal processing parameter. Independent variables were extraction time (8, 10 and 12), type of solvent used (hexane, acetone, ethanol) and blanching treatment (steam treated, boil treated, untreated). The response and variables were fitted well to each other by multiple regressions. All the independent parameters affected oleoresin yield and antioxidant activity significantly. The optimal processing parameter that fulfilled the requirement for yield of oleoresin and antioxidant activity were found to be 12 h extraction time, ethanol as the solvent used and untreated sample. While, the optimal yield of oleoresin was 13.05% w/w and antioxidant activity was 16.01% w/w

Kepuasan komunikasi dan hubungannya dengan komitmen kerja dalam kalangan pekerja sektor awam

Communication satisfaction and work commitment are two important elements for workers in an organization.This study was aimed at identifying the relationship bet ween dimensions of communication satisfaction (seven dimensions) and organizational commitment in a public organization; and differences in work commitment based on age, gender and marital status.A total of 169 respondents from a public organization were chosen through simple random sampling. Communication satisfaction was measured using the Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) by Down and Hazen (1977) while work commitment was measured using Organizational Commitment Scale by Allen and Meyer (1996). Results indicated that there were significant relationships in four dimensions of communication satisfaction (corporate perspective,corporate information, organizational integration and horizontal communication).Communication satisfaction towards superiors, subordinates and feedback were found to be unrelated to work commitment. Differences were also found in work commitment based on age and marital status but not for gender

Longitudinal Intra- and Inter-individual variation in T-cell subsets of HIV-infected and uninfected men participating in the LA Multi-Center AIDS Cohort Study.

To assess the intra-individual and inter-individuals biological variation and the effect of aging on lymphocyte T-cells subsets.We assessed lymphocyte phenotypes (CD3, CD4, and CD8 T-cells) in 89 HIV-1-infected and 88 uninfected white non-Hispanic men every 6 months, to examine the biological variation for those measurements, and the average change in lymphocyte phenotype over 34 years.The markers showed significant intra-individuality in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals with index of individuality of <1.4. No mean changes were seen over the 34 years, with the exception of percentage CD4T-cells in HIV-uninfected individuals.In the pre-HAART era, HIV-infected individuals experienced an increase in mean absolute CD3 T-cell numbers (11.21 cells/μL, P = 0.02) and absolute CD8 T-cell numbers (34.57 cell/μl, P < .001), and in the percentage of CD8 T-cells (1.45%, P < .001) per year and a significant decrease in mean absolute CD4 T-cell numbers (23.68 cells/μl, P < .001) and in the percentage of CD4 T-cells (1.49%, P < .001) per year.In the post-HAART era, no changes in mean levels were observed in absolute CD3 T-cell count (P = .15) or percentage (P = .99). Significant decreases were seen in mean count (8.56 cells/μl, P < .001) and percentage (0.59%, P < .001) of CD8 T-cells, and increases in mean absolute count (10.72 cells/μl, P < .001) and percentage (0.47%, P < .001) of CD4 T-cells.With the exception of CD4 (%), no average changes per year were seen in lymphocyte phenotype of HIV-uninfected men. The results of coefficients of variation of intra and inter-individuals of this study can be useful for HIV-1 infection monitoring and in addition the observation could be a useful guide for intra- and inter-individual coefficient variations, and establishing quality goal studies of different blood biomarkers in healthy and other diseases

The Supervisor of Undergraduate Dissertations in a Web-Based Context: How Much Support and How to Give it?

The provision of support has always been central to the role of the undergraduate dissertation (UD) supervisor, but little research has been done on its contextual determinants in web-facilitated contexts. Beyond the general recognition of the importance of institutional support for the development of supervisors’ technological and pedagogical knowledge and the importance of technology and pedagogy in maximizing the impact of supervisors’ support for students, the effect of technology tools and students’ prior skills on the type and level of supervisors’ support is not well understood. Drawing partially on the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, the present work uses Partial-Least Square Structural Equation Modelling to examine the effect of supervisors’ Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), their perception of students’ soft skills, and the technology tools they use (face-to-face, social media or a learning management system) on the level of educational and motivational support they provide. The results indicate that institutional support to UD supervisors positively affects their TPK, which in turn positively affects their educational and motivational support to students. However, supervisors’ educational and motivational support is inversely related to their perception of students’ soft skills and is also affected by the technological tools used. In short, supervision styles are not static since different contextual factors affect the management of the process of supervision. The implications for UD supervision are discussed, and some recommendations are proposed in the article.

Troli tong gas

Tong gas adalah sebahagian daripada keperluan rumah yang sangat penting untuk kegunaan dapur. LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), atau petroleum gas biasanya digunakan untuk aplikasi perumahan (tong gas masak) dan tujuan komersial. LPG terutamanya terdiri daripada campuran hidrokarbon seperti propana (C3H8), propene (C3H6), n-butana (C4H10), isobutena (metil-propana), dan pelbagai butanes lain (C4H8) (Mustapa, Gitano Briggs, 2008). LPG disimpan cair dalam tong pada tekanan tinggi, tekanan wap sekitar 6 hingga 7 bar (Petrolium Nasional Berhad, 2013). Oleh itu, tong gas perlu diperbuat daripada silinder keluli bertekanan tinggi. Tong gas digunakan hampir di semua perumahan, termasuk rumah pangsa, kondominium dan apartment. Kebiasaan penghuni perumahan bertingkat yang tidak mempunyai lift terpaksa mengangkat tong gas menggunakan tenaga empat kerat, kadang kala menggunakan troli biasa untuk menggangkut tong gas tersebut bagi memudahkan dan meringankan kerja. Troli adalah peranti yang digunakan untuk membawa beban atau memindahkan bahan dari satu tempat ke yang lain. Untuk aplikasi yang berbeza pelbagai jenis troli digunakan Kebanyakan pekerja domestik juga menggunakan tenaga tulang empat kerat untuk kerja-kerja pemindahan troli .

A STUDY ON BAY'TAWARRUQ (MONETIZATION) FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NATIONAL BANK MALAYSIA AND AAOIFI STANDARDS: MALAYSIAN PRACTICE

(IFSA) on 2013, Islamic financial industry has shown its commitments towards the financial industry and its stakeholders through the development ofa distinctive products based on the various Sharr'ah contracts such as Islamic hire purchase for vehicle and machine based on the concept ofal-lidrah Thumma al-Bay' (a contract ofleasing ending with sale), islamic personal financing based on the concept ofBay' al-I'nah (sell and buy back with arrangement). Islamic house financing based on the concept of Mushdrakah Mutanaqi;ah (diminishing joint ventwes) and others. On 289 July 2005, the Shart'ah Advisory Council of National Bank Malaysia (SAC BNM) had resolved that financing and deposit product based on the concept oi Tu*a*rq is permissible. This resolution then has become an alternative way gr the Islamic financial institutions to overcome ttre tiquidity issue without relying on the controversial contract ofBay' al-'-Inah anymore. Tawarruq is a process where a person buys a commodity with deferred price, subsequently sells it on spot palanent, usually with lower price to another party other than the first seller, with intention to obtain cash/liquidity. Thus, this study aims to discuss the iole of National Bank Malaysia and Accounting and Auditing of Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFD Standard regarding the concept of Tawam.rq in Malaysia. With regard to the methodology, this study will use both qualitative and quantitative methods. ifo*"rr"r, the qualitative method will become the main method for this study. The instrument of qualitative method is an interview session with the main stakeholders involved in the development of Tawarruq Standard. This study will contribute from the theoretical and practical perspective of Tawamrq operation a:rd application in Malaysia, argument and deliberation ofTawarruq not only from classical lslamic perspective, but also from modern application and discussion