DADO PESSOAL E INFORMAÇÃO: UMA TAUTOLOGIA NÃO DISCUTIDA

A proteção de dados pessoais constitui microssistema jurídico com envergadura constitucional, tendo como centro gravitacional o dado pessoal. Este é definido pela Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados como toda informação relacionada à pessoa natural identificada ou identificável, sem, contudo, oferecer o sentido do que seja informação pessoal. Por sua vez, a Lei de Acesso à Informação define informação pessoal como aquela relacionada à pessoa natural identificada ou identificável. Assim, percebe-se a existência de circularidade conceitual que resulta em verdadeira tautologia ainda não resolvida pela via legislativa. A circularidade das definições de dado pessoal e informação pessoal embaraça as fronteiras do âmbito de aplicação do microssistema de proteção de dados pessoais pelo fato de não se ter definição precisa do objeto jurídico protegido. Desse modo, por meio de metodologia interdisciplinar entre Teoria do Direito e Teoria da Informação, este artigo tem por objetivo afastar a redundância conceitual existente entre dado pessoal e informação pessoal, a fim de traçar limites mais claros para o âmbito de aplicação do microssistema de proteção de dados pessoais

Justiça contratual: uma análise neopragmatista da conformação do poder no contrato

A presente dissertação realizou um estudo sobre o poder ínsito ao contrato e sua conformação pela ideia de justiça contratual. Para tanto, partiu de um paradigma metodológico não muito corrente na ciência jurídica brasileira e mesmo européia, qual seja, o neopragmatismo. Optou-se por esta metodologia para impedir que o estudo caísse em demasiadas abstrações, bem como para demonstrar que a conformação do poder dos contratantes deve ser feita pela justiça interna do contrato, espécie tecnológica e contemporânea da justiça comutativa, e não pela justiça distributiva ou pela justiça social. O cerne da dissertação encontra-se pautado na defesa da liberdade contratual, como elemento do atributo autodeterminação, que é parte integrante do valor extrajurídico dignidade da pessoa humana. A dissertação desenvolveu-se sob viés liberal, utilizando da interdisciplinaridade do neopragmatismo jurídico para socorrer-se da metodologia da ciência econômica, objetivando ponderar a necessidade de intervenção do Estado na liberdade contratual. Assim, são desvendadas as falhas de mercado e proposto que sua solução sempre vise a proteção da liberdade, e não a inserção do ideal de justiça distributiva ou social. Por fim, o estudo propugnou que o Direito dos Contratos consiste em uma esfera de justiça específica e por isso encontra-se delineado por um peculiar ideal de justiça: a justiça interna do contrato.This thesis conducted a study on the power inside to the contract and its conformation by the idea of contractual justice. It starts from a not very common in the Brazilian and even European science methodological paradigm, namely, neopragmatism. We chose this methodology to prevent the study fall into too many abstractions as well as to demonstrate that the conformation of the power of the contractors should be made by contemporary idea of internal justice of the contract, a technological specie of the commutative justice, and not by the distributive justice and or the social justice. The crux of the thesis lies grounded in defense the freedom of contract, as part of the self attribute, which is part of the value called human dignity. The thesis developed under liberal bias, using interdisciplinary legal neopragmatism to avail itself of the methodology of economics, aiming to examine the need for state intervention in the contractual freedom. So, are unraveled market failures and proposed that its solution always aimed at protecting freedom, and not inserting the ideal of distributive or social justice. Finally, the study advocated that the contract law consists in a specific sphere of justice and it is outlined by a peculiar ideal of justice: the internal contract justice

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora