Double Diffusive Mixed Convection in a Channel with a Circular Heater

AbstractDouble diffusive mixed convection in an open channel with a circular heater on the bottom wall has been investigated in this paper. Constant temperatures and concentrations are considered along the semi-circle and the lateral walls of the channel are adiabatic. Galerkin weighted residual finite element method have been used to solve the governing equations. Calculations were performed for Rayleigh numbers and Lewis number. Reynolds and Prandtl numbers are fixed as 100 and 0.7 for whole study, respectively. Various characteristics such as streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentration and heat and mass transfer rate in terms of the average Nusselt number and Sherwood numbers are presented for the aforesaid parameters. It is found that, average Nusselt number at the heat source decreases and overall mass transfer rate in terms of average Sherwood number increases with the rising of Lewis number. In addition, Rayleigh numbers have also significant effects on the heat and mass transfer process

Effects of Joule Heating on Magnetic Field Inside a Channel Along with a Cavity

AbstractA computational solution has been made to obtain flow and temperature field inside a channel with a cavity under magnetic field and joule effect. The left side of the cavity is shorter than right side. Mixed convection heat transfer is studied. Finite element method is used to solve governing equations of laminar flow. The study investigates the effects of three parameters such as Hartmann number, joule parameter and Prandtl numbers for pure mixed convection (Ri = 1). For the specified conditions streamline contours and isotherm contours are obtained and later on the variation of overall Nusselt number and exit temperature are obtained for the aforementioned parameters. It is found that the aforesaid parameters are extremely effective parameter on flow field and temperature distribution. It is also found that both Hartmann number and joule parameter play important role to control the mode of heat transfer

Medication wastage and its impact on environment: evidence from Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to investigate the critical factors that have impact on environment causes of unused medication. The current study is a descriptive cross-sectional audit involving with patients based on a structured questionnaire format with answer sets. The data is analyzed using partial least square method. The results revealed that excess supplied, expired medicine, changed treatment and side effects have a significant impact on unused medication. In addition, overall unused medication has a significant relationship with environmental effect. In contrast, although excess supplied and side effects have not significant impact on environmental effect, but expired medicine and changed treatment have a significant impact on environmental effect. This survey results suggested; there are few factors which increased the volume of leftover medicine and it has led to an enhanced international awareness of the potential detrimental effects on the environment. More exertion is necessary to raise awareness of people in general as an initial step in promoting behavioral change in connection to medication wastage

Comparison of the efficacy of glyceryl trinitrate and misoprostol on cervical ripening for curretage in pregnant women at first trimester

Introduction: Cervical ripening is an essential technique for curettage in first trimester of pregnancy. In this regard, Prostaglandins such as Misoprostol or Dinoprostol are used.NO-releasing drugs are the other new ones. This study was performed with aim to compare the efficacy of NO-releasing drugs with Misoprostol as a known drug to determine the benefits and disadvantages of this method for cervical ripening in terms of surgical abortion. Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on 60 pregnant women admitted at department of gynecology of Shahid Akbarabadi hospital in 2014. In this study, 60 pregnant women (14 weeks of gestation) were divided into group A (primigravid, n=30) and group B (multipar, n=30). Furthermore, group A was divided into 2 subgroups of A1 (treated with Glyceryl trinitrate) and A2 (treated with vaginal Misoprostol), and group B was divided into 2 subgroups of B1 (treated with Glyceryl trinitrate) and B2 (treated with vaginal Misoprostol). The efficacy of two methods for cervical ripening in two subgroups of A and B was separately measured through the cervical dilatation at admission and 6 hours later.Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) and Fisher Exact test and Chi-square. PResults: Based on the result of examination after using drugs, there was no significant difference between the efficacy of Misoprostol and Glyceryl trinitrate on cervical ripening in two main groups of studied patients (P>0.05). Conclusion: Glyceryl trinitrate can be an appropriate substitute for Misoprostol on cervical ripening. © 2015, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Predictive value of somatosensation for manual dexterity and upper Limb Motor function in stroke survivors

Objectives: One of the most disabling impairments following stroke is upper limb impairment. Despite the important role of somatosensory function in motor control and high prevalence of somatosensory deficits in stroke survivors, little attention has been paid to its effect on UE motor function in chronic stroke survivors. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the correlation between different somatosensations and manual dexterity as well as UE motor function in these patients. Methods: In this correlational study, 225 chronic stroke survivors (112 female and 113 male) participated, selected by simple non-probability method among the stroke survivors admitted to the rehabilitation centers in Tehran. The lower-order somatosensations, including light touch and wrist Proprioception, were evaluated by Weinstein Enhanced Sensory Test (WEST) and Wrist Position Sense Test (WPST), respectively. The higher-order somatosensations were measured by static and moving 2-Point Discrimination (s2PD and m2PD, respectively), Hand Active Sensation Test (HAST) and Haptic Object Recognition Test (HORT). Gross and fine manual dexterity and UE motor function were assessed using Box-Block Test (BBT), Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), respectively. Results: The multiple regression models showed that WPST alone accounted for the 38.8- 56.6 of the variance in manual dexterity and UE motor function. The WEST was the second most significant predictor in all regression models. The HORT, m2PD and HAST explained a small percent of the variance in regression models. Discussion: These results suggest that treatments that target somatosensory impairments, especially wrist Proprioception and light touch, may be particularly important for improving manual dexterity and UE motor function in chronic stroke survivors. © 2018, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences

An artificial fish swarm filter-based Method for constrained global optimization

Ana Maria A.C. Rocha, M. Fernanda P. Costa and Edite M.G.P. Fernandes, An Artificial Fish Swarm Filter-Based Method for Constrained Global Optimization, B. Murgante, O. Gervasi, S. Mirsa, N. Nedjah, A.M. Rocha, D. Taniar, B. Apduhan (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Part III, LNCS 7335, pp. 57–71, Springer, Heidelberg, 2012.An artificial fish swarm algorithm based on a filter methodology for trial solutions acceptance is analyzed for general constrained global optimization problems. The new method uses the filter set concept to accept, at each iteration, a population of trial solutions whenever they improve constraint violation or objective function, relative to the current solutions. The preliminary numerical experiments with a wellknown benchmark set of engineering design problems show the effectiveness of the proposed method.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Impact of a participatory intervention with women's groups on psychological distress among mothers in rural Bangladesh: Secondary analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Background: Perinatal common mental disorders (PCMDs) are a major cause of disability among women and disproportionately affect lower income countries. Interventions to address PCMDs are urgently needed in these settings, and group-based and peer-led approaches are potential strategies to increase access to mental health interventions. Participator

Genome-wide association study of classical Hodgkin lymphoma identifies key regulators of disease susceptibility

Several susceptibility loci for classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) have been reported, however much of the heritable risk is unknown. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of two existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS), a new GWAS, and replication totalling 5,314 cases and 16,749 controls. We identify risk loci for all cHL at 6q22.33 (rs9482849, P=1.52 × 10-8) and for nodular sclerosis HL (NSHL) at 3q28 (rs4459895, P=9.43 × 10-17), 6q23.3 (rs6928977, P=4.62 × 10-55 11), 10p14 (rs3781093, P=9.49 × 10-13), 13q34 (rs112998813, P=4.58 × 10-8) and 16p13.13 (rs34972832, P=2.12 × 10-8). Additionally, independent loci within the HLA region are observed for NSHL (rs9269081, HLA-DPB1*03:01, Val86 in HLA-DRB1) and mixed cellularity HL (rs1633096, rs13196329, Val86 in HLA-DRB1). The new and established risk loci localise to areas of active chromatin and show an over-representation of transcription factor binding for determinants of B-cell development and immune response.In the United Kingdom, Bloodwise (LLR; 10021) provided principal funding for the study. Support from Cancer Research UK (C1298/A8362 supported by the Bobby Moore Fund) and the Lymphoma Research Trust is also acknowledged. A.S. is supported by a clinical fellowship from Cancer Research UK. For the UK-GWAS, sample and data acquisition were supported by Breast Cancer Now, the European Union and the Lymphoma Research Trust. The UK-GWAS made use of control genotyping data generated by the WTCCC. For further information, please visit the publishr's website

Identification of multiple risk loci and regulatory mechanisms influencing susceptibility to multiple myeloma

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of susceptibility to multiple myeloma (MM), but much of the heritability remains unexplained. We report a new GWAS, a meta-analysis with previous GWAS and a replication series, totalling 9974 MM cases and 247,556 controls of European ancestry. Collectively, these data provide evidence for six new MM risk loci, bringing the total number to 23. Integration of information from gene expression, epigenetic profiling and in situ Hi-C data for the 23 risk loci implicate disruption of developmental transcriptional regulators as a basis of MM susceptibility, compatible with altered B-cell differentiation as a key mechanism. Dysregulation of autophagy/apoptosis and cell cycle signalling feature as recurrently perturbed pathways. Our findings provide further insight