Study of the effects of Pauli blocking and Pauli non-locality on the optical potential

Elastic scattering angular distributions for systems with reduced mass between 3 and 34 and energies varying between 25 and 120 MeV/nucleon were analyzed. The stable $^4$He, its exotic partner $^6$He, and the weakly bound $^{6,7}$Li nuclei were included as projectiles in the systematics. Optical model data analyzes were performed with an adjustable factor of normalization included in the imaginary part of the potential. These analyzes indicated a reduction of absorption for systems with small reduced masses that was detected due to the refractive nature of the scattering by light systems.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e. a controlling message) compared to no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly-internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared to the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly-internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing: Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

New view of multisets relations

Multiset is a collection of objects in which repetition of elements is significant. In many real life problems, medical investigation and teaching for example, the repetition of cases affects the process of decisions making, and so the multiset is a suitable theory for modeling such cases. In this paper we initiate a matrix representation for relations on multisets and given examples. Also a generalization for composition of relation is defined and its properties are studied, many examples are given. After and for sets for multisets are studied. These suggested relation can help in constructing new connections for multisets with information systems whose objects are multisets

Focus stacking technique in identification of forensically important Chrysomya species (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Entomological evidence showed great role in death investigations during the last decades. This depends mainly on identification of insect samples by expert taxonomists who are not available among forensic investigator teams in Egypt which represents one of the obstacles that prevent the use of entomological evidence. This study aimed to provide easily used key for identification of Egyptian Chrysomya species using focus stacking technique that can be applied in forensic investigation. Materials and methods: Collection of flies was done using fly traps that were hung in urban districts of Cairo during June–September 2014. Continuous shooting photography of the collected flies was done using a Nikon Stereomicroscopy and camera of smart phone (Galaxy S5), stacking of partially focused images was done by Zerene Stacker software. Chrysomya species were identified and separated from other metallic calyptrate dipteral based on its characteristic morphological features. Results: Seventy six Chrysomya specimens were collected; Chrysomya albiceps was the most abundant (39) with 16 male and 23 females, followed by Chrysomya megacephala (34) with 13 male and 21 females. Three Chrysomya marginalis were recovered; one male and two females. Conclusion: This study presents simple method for photographing of insect samples that can be used by untrained personals for further identification by expert taxonomists. Recommendations: Further studies on the blowfly species that occur in Egypt and documentation of their key for identification are recommended to facilitate the diverse applications of these important insects in forensic investigations

Patterns of palatal rugae in the adult Egyptian population

Rugoscopy refers to the study of palatal rugae in order to establish a personal identity. A significant association has been found between rugae forms and ethnicity which may represent a valuable finding in forensic medicine. The present study was aimed to analyze the pattern of palatal rugae in the adult Egyptian population and to examine for any sex differences. A total of 108 pre-orthodontic dental casts were enrolled in this study (54 males and 54 females) in the age group of 18–35 years. The pattern of palatal rugae regarding the number, size and shape of rugae was identified according to the classification made by Kapali et al. Primary rugae type showed the highest frequency while the most frequent shape was the wavy shape, followed by the straight shape. The predominant direction of palatal rugae was the forward direction. Also, the converging form of unification was found to be more prevalent than the diverging form. No significant difference was found between males and females except for the curved shape that was significantly greater among females. This study showed a specific rugae pattern in the studied adult Egyptian population when compared to other populations’ patterns that are reported in the literature

Facile synthesis of single-crystal of o-phenylene diamine dihydrochloride as a polychloride and fabrication of high-performance semiconductor thin film

Single crystals of organic compounds are perfectly suitable for top organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) because of their arranged atomic pressing and smooth surface. Crystals of o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride polychloride, C H (NH ) ·2HCl ([OPDDH] ) is magnificently synthesized in a highly acidic medium; crystal structure is determined as monoclinic, space group C2/c, with a = 7.324(2), b = 14.497 (5), c = 7.992(3)Å, α = 90, β = 94.04(4) and γ = 90 ( ), V = 846.4(5) Å and Z = 4. The different interactions in the crystal were investigated by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The geometry, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and other active parameters were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) on Material Studio 7.0. Thin film of single crystal was fabricated by spin coating method. The single crystal and its thin film were described by various techniques including UV–Vis–NIR, and single & powder X-ray diffraction. The refractive parameter dispersion and dielectric constants of thin film have been examined by Wemple–DiDomenico and single Sellmeier oscillator models. The optical parameters indicate that the thin film has a comparatively high absorption zone within 2–6 eV of photon energy range. The activation energies (E ) and Urbach energy (E ) values of thin film were found to be 2.01 and 0.378 eV, respectively. The resulting thin film is high performance semiconductor. This bring it to be a good candidate as a solar cell application based on its dispersion parameters and band gap value. 6 4 2 2 a U c o