Percepción del consumo de cannabis en España: estudio del enfoque a través del ámbito científico y de la prensa

Introduction: In Spain, the recreational use of cannabis is illegal. This illegality is once again part of a social debate in which certain political groups support a justified legalization based on economic benefits against some medical opinions that do not recommend the consumption decriminalization. Objective: This review aims to identify the approach given to consumption in Spain, both in the scientific field and in a more general one as the written press. The coherence or disagreement between the detected approaches can contribute to determinate if legalization will be a reality soon. Method: An analysis of scientific and non-scientific publications is carried out using three forms of research: a specialized search tool (Google Scholar), two national newspapers in their digital version (ABC and El País) and an online scientific citation indexing service (Web of Science). Results: The journalistic and the scientific field coincide in a negative approach regarding the cannabis consumption; in addition, its content turns out to be very focused on society. Conclusions: The high consumption of cannabis among the Spanish population despite the negative approach indicates a failure in the communication related with this problematic.Introducción: En España, el consumo recreativo de cannabis es ilegal. Esta ilegalidad ha vuelto a formar parte de un debate social en el que ciertas formaciones políticas se posicionan a favor de una legalización justificada por los beneficios económicos en contra de ciertas opiniones médicas que no recomiendan la despenalización del consumo. Objetivo: Esta revisión pretende identificar el enfoque que se da al consumo en España, tanto en el ámbito científico como en uno más generalista, como es la prensa escrita. La coherencia o el desacuerdo entre los enfoques detectados puede contribuir a determinar si la legalización será una realidad en el futuro. Método: Se desarrolla un análisis de publicaciones científicas y no científicas empleando tres formas de búsqueda: un motor de búsqueda especializado (Google Scholar), dos periódicos nacionales en su versión digital (ABC y El País) y un gestor bibliográfico de literatura científica (Web of Science). Resultados: El ámbito periodístico y el científico coinciden en un enfoque negativo respecto al consumo de cannabis; además, su contenido resulta estar muy enfocado a la sociedad. Conclusión: El consumo elevado de cannabis entre la población española, a pesar del enfoque negativo, indica un fallo en la comunicación relativa a esta problemática

Taxonomy of defects in auxiliary elements of facades and its relation with lawsuits filed by property owners

While at first it can be thought that the auxiliary elements of facades are merely ornamental with little practical function, this study shows that these components of the building envelope have a high impact on the envelope"s functioning and performance. This is carried out through the analysis of all relevant lawsuits filed in Spain over a 10 year period, a data set in which a surprisingly high number of 1033 cases of defects was found to affect external windowsills, exterior wainscots or cornices (the three auxiliary elements considered) was found. Considering the total number of lawsuits, this is an objectively unprecedented study. An analysis is carried out regarding the interrelations between elements, defects, causes, and types of buildings, with the aim of obtaining a sorted classification of the data. This constitutes a useful tool to prevent future problems arising from either the design, execution, or maintenance of facades. These include various issues resulting from humidities, one of the most frequent envelope defects, which are found to significantly affect the auxiliary elements of facades.Se trata de un estudio del número total de demandas de daños en fachadas durante 10 años, objetivamente sin precedentes. Se realiza un análisis de las interrelaciones entre elementos, defectos, causas y tipos de edificaciones, con el objetivo de obtener una clasificación ordenada de los datos. Esto constituye una herramienta útil para prevenir futuros problemas derivados del diseño, ejecución o mantenimiento de fachadas

Misterio de los Letrabytes Fugados: Evaluación Inclusiva de la Conciencia Fonológica con Gamificación Tangible

The development of phonological awareness, i.e. the metacognitive skill that allows thinking and manipulating the language structure, from an early age is mandatory for the acquisition of literacy skills. Multisensory stimulation, curiosity and interest are fundamental for learning. In doing so, Communication Technologies have a key role because a learning-oriented use can encourage current digital natives' interest and thinking. This paper presents a game with tangible technology designed to both intervention and diagnostic, formative and summative evaluation. The user experience was carried out during two weeks through a multiple case study with four kindergarten children. A multimedia adventure game was presented in which they had to solve phonological awareness challenges through the manipulation of tangible technology to achieve the final goal. The observation was recorded in the designed evaluation model, allowing the analysis of pre- and post-intervention data after the triangulation of data for subsequent qualitative analysis. The results show an improvement in phonological awareness, as well as the gamified experience marks. These promising outcomes support the use of such methodologies to a learner-centered education model

Well-Being, Self-Efficacy and Independence in older adults: A Randomized Trial of Occupational Therapy

Objective: The main objective of the research was to analyze whether there were differences in the effects of individual and group occupational therapy (OT) treatment on psychological well-being, self-efficacy and personal independence. Method: A randomized clinical trial (N = 70; age = 85 years, SD = 4) comparing individual versus group occupational therapy treatment for 6 months was conducted. The evaluation was performed with the Barthel Index (Personal Independence), the Ryff Wellness Index (Well-being), the Global Self-Efficacy Scale (Self-efficacy) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (Affective state Scale). Results: Results showed a decrease in individual treatment scores in the variables autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth and purpose in life, reflecting worse self-acceptance and negative well-being as well as a lower ability to maintain stable relationships. By contrast, group treatment users maintained more stable social relationships and exhibited a greater ability to resist social pressure, to develop their potential skills and to define their goals in life. There were statistically significant differences in overall self-efficacy (p < 0.001), emotional well-being (p < 0.001) and personal independence (p = 0.013), with better scores in group versus individual treatment. Conclusions: Group occupational therapy interventions in older adults could be the treatment of choice in people with depressed state, improving their emotional well-being, sense of self-efficacy and level of personal independence in basic activities of daily livin

Generation of a human iPSC line from a patient with a mitochondrial encephalopathy due to mutations in the GFM1 gene

Human iPSC line GFM1SV.25 was generated from fibroblasts of a child with a severe mitochondrial encephalopathy associated with mutations in the GFM1 gene, encoding the mitochondrial translation elongation factor G1. Reprogramming factors OCT3/4, SOX2, CMYC and KLF4 were delivered using a non integrative methodology that involves the use of Sendai virus.This work was supported by grants from the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades raras” (CIBERER) (Grant 13-717/132.05 to RG), the “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” [Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria and Regional development fund (ERDF/FEDER) funds PI10/0703 and PI13/00556 to RG and PI15/00484 to MEG], “Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid” (Grant number S2010/BMD-2402 to RG); TG receives grant support from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (FPI-UAM) and FZD from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Grant FPU13/00544). MEG is staff scientist at the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras” (CIBERER

Generation of a human iPSC line from a patient with an optic atrophy ‘plus’ phenotype due to a mutation in the OPA1 gene

AbstractHuman iPSC line Oex2054SV.4 was generated from fibroblasts of a patient with an optic atrophy ‘plus’ phenotype associated with a heterozygous mutation in the OPA1 gene. Reprogramming factors OCT3/4, SOX2, CMYC and KLF4 were delivered using a non-integrative methodology that involves the use of Sendai virus

Parameterisation of the degradation processes in coated façaces with one coat mortar renders

9th Euro-American Congress on Construction Pathology, Rehabilitation Technology & Heritage Management REHABEND'2022, 13/09/2022-16/09/2022, Granada, España8 p.Las interrelaciones que representan los procesos de degradación específicos en un elemento constructivo, habitualmente no se desarrollan en muchos artículos, dada la importante dificultad de conseguir grandes poblaciones de procesos patológicos. Ese es uno de los motivos principales por el que los procesos de degradación no están suficientemente estudiados a gran escala, especialmente, respecto a su frecuencia y caracterización. En esta ocasión, sí ha podido obtenerse una importante población de casos, sobre el elemento constructivo estudiado: las fachadas revestidas con enfoscados de mortero monocapa. Se trata de un producto propenso a tener ciertas problemáticas y que ha sido investigado en una amplia investigación, cuyos resultados se expondrán en esta comunicación. Para la caracterización de los mismos se han constatado 11 tipos de daños diferentes y un total de 26 causas distintas que han sido el agente activo que actúo como origen de dichos daños. La novedad más importante que se aporta es el desglose total y pormenorizado de cada una de las 95 interrelaciones que producen los procesos de degradación de este material, a partir de los 2005 casos estudiados. Como complemento a toda esta información se especificarán los porcentajes obtenidos según el tipo de edificaciones donde se manifiestan: residenciales, no residenciales, de nueva planta o rehabilitación

Clinical aspects of usher syndrome and the USH2A gene in a cohort of 433 patients

IMPORTANCE A new statistical approach is needed to describe the clinical differences between type I and type II Usher syndrome and between the 2 most frequent mutations in the USH2A gene. OBJECTIVES To describe the primary phenotypic characteristics and differences between type I and type II Usher syndrome and to establish a phenotype-genotype correlation for the 2 most frequent mutations in the USH2A gene. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional study at a genetics department, in which clinical evaluations were performed for 433 patients (297 unrelated families) who were classified as having type I, II, III, atypical, or unclassified Usher syndrome according to their clinical history, pedigree data, results from ophthalmological studies, and audiological, neurophysiological, and vestibular test results. Molecular studies were performed for 304 patients (256 unrelated families). The Mann-Whitney U test or the χ2 test was used for calculating the differences between mean values for the analyzed parameters. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age at diagnosis; age at onset of night blindness, visual field loss, visual acuity loss, and cataracts; and severity and age at diagnosis of hearing loss. RESULTS The comparison between patients with type I Usher syndrome and those with type II Usher syndrome revealed P < .001 for most items analyzed. The most frequent mutations in the USH2A gene were the p.Glu767Serfs*21 and p.Cys759Phe mutations, with an allelic frequency of 23.2%(63 of 272 alleles) and 8.1% (22 of 272 alleles), respectively. The phenotypic analysis for patients carrying p.Cys759Phe showed P < .001 for most items analyzed when compared with patients carrying p.Glu767Serfs*21 and when compared with patients carrying other mutations in the USH2A gene. None of the p.Cys759Phe patients exhibited a severe hearing loss phenotype, and more than 60%had only mild hearing loss. Most patients carrying the p.Glu767Serfs*21 mutation (72.1%) were moderately deaf. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our study presents the clinical differences between type I and type II Usher syndrome and between the 2 most frequent mutations in the USH2A gene. Detailed genotype-phenotype correlations, as presented in our study, allow for a better correlation of clinical signs with a known genotype and can improve the clinical management, genetic counseling, and risk assessment of patients with Usher syndrome because an estimated prognosis of their disease can be madeThis work was supported by grant PI13/00226 (to Servicio de Genética, Instituto de Investigación–Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain), by grant PI13/00638 (to Unidad de Genética y Diagnóstico Prenatal, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain), and by grant 06/07/0036 (to Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain) from Fundaluce and Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españole