The timeliness of streptokinase administration and its relationship with in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patient / Nur Mariana Ayub

The reduction in mortality of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients is more striking when fibrinolytic is delivered early. A Malaysian guideline recommends initiation of fibrinolytic therapy in the emergency department (ED) within 30 minutes of arrival. The primary study objective is to determine the timing to streptokinase administration with comparison to the Malaysian guidelines and the relationship of the door-to-needle (DTN) time with in-hospital mortality. The study also examined the risk of bleeding with streptokinase and the contributing factors (day and time of ED arrival) that may affect DTN time. A retrospective study was conducted in Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru on AMI patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit and received streptokinase from ED. The data were taken from the ED admission records from January 2013 till September 2014. A total of 86 patients were enrolled in this study. Only 37.2% of the patients were treated according to guidelines. There was no significant association between DTN time and in-hospital mortality (p=0.292). 12.8% of them had bleeding episodes after receiving streptokinase. Day and time of ED arrival did not significantly affect the DTN time; p=0.778 and p=0.575, respectively. This study found that the timeliness of streptokinase administration was not associated with in-hospital mortality, yet DTN time of ≤30 minutes were achieved in less than half of AMI patients. Patients had mild or moderate bleeding risk after receiving streptokinase. ED staffs give priority to treat AMI patients as the highest acuity patients at all time

Evaluation of cell disruption methods in the oleaginous yeasts Yarrowia lipolytica QU21 and Meyerozyma guilliermondii BI281A for microbial oil extraction

Abstract The interest for oleaginous yeasts has grown significantly in the last three decades, mainly due to their potential use as a renewable source of microbial oil or single cell oils (SCOs). However, the methodologies for cell disruption to obtain the microbial oil are considered critical and determinant for a large-scale production. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate different methods for cell wall disruption for the lipid extraction of Yarrowia lipolytica QU21 and Meyerozyma guilliermondii BI281A. The two strains were separately cultivated in 5 L batch fermenters for 120 hours, at 26 ºC and 400 rpm. Three different lipid extraction processes using Turrax homogenizer, Ultrasonicator and Braun homogenizer combined with bead milling were applied in wet, oven-dried, and freeze-dried biomass of both strains. The treatment with the highest percentage of disrupted cells and highest oil yield was the ultrasonication of oven-dried biomass (37-40% lipid content for both strains). The fact that our results point to one best extraction strategy for two different yeast strains, belonging to different species, is a great news towards the development of a unified technique that could be applied at industrial plants

Adverse drug reactions in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in Southern Brazil

To identify and characterize suspected adverse drug reactions in adult patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, we conducted a retrospective study from January to June 2007 in a university hospital. Through intensive monitoring of medical records we collected data related to the patient, hospitalization, suspected adverse drug reactions, and prescription drugs. The adverse drug reactions were classified according to their causation and predictability. A total 270 patients were monitored, 20 of whom (7.4%) showed had at least one suspected adverse drug reaction. The gender, number of diagnoses, mean number of medications prescribed per day, and length of hospital stay were associated with the development of adverse drug reaction. Suspected adverse drug reactions were classified as having predominantly possible causality and predictability of type A. Most suspected adverse drug reactions could be avoided by the use of doses as low as possible, respecting the patient's pathophysiological status.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Análise de Big Data por meio de estatísticas multivariadas na Indústria 4.0: uma revisão da literatura

Com relação ao tema Big Data, observa-se atualmente uma quantidade significativa e um aumento considerável de publicações relacionadas ao assunto, porém ainda os pesquisadores sentem falta de meios para auxiliar na escolha dos referenciais teóricos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar um processo utilizado para a seleção das publicações relevantes, as quais são o produto de uma revisão sistemática da literatura e que buscam nortear os pesquisadores, agregando conhecimento para conduzir uma pesquisa sobre os métodos analíticos aplicados em Big Data, em ambientes de Manufaturas Inteligentes e apoiadas por abordagens multivariadas. Para buscar esse objetivo foi desenvolvido um roteiro de pesquisa e uma técnica de classificação das publicações mais relevantes. Como principais resultados deste processo, foi possível identificar 14 publicações aderentes, e que permitiram integrar os conceitos sobre Big Data, Indústria 4.0 e abordagens multivariadas, além de demonstrar a análise preditiva de dados como uma dos modelos mais utilizados na análise de Big Data

The oleaginous yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii BI281A as a new potential biodiesel feedstock : selection and lipid production optimization

A high throughput screening (HTS) methodology for evaluation of cellular lipid content based on Nile red fluorescence reads using black background 96-wells test plates and a plate reader equipment allowed the rapid intracellular lipid estimation of strains from a Brazilian phylloplane yeast collection. A new oleaginous yeast,Meyerozyma guilliermondii BI281A, was selected, for which the gravimetric determination of total lipids relative to dry weight was 52.38%for glucose or 34.97%for pure glycerol. The lipid production was optimized obtaining 108 mg/L of neutral lipids using pure glycerol as carbon source, and the strain proved capable of accumulating oil using raw glycerol from a biodiesel refinery. The lipid profile showed monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) varying between 56 or 74% in pure or raw glycerol, respectively. M. guilliermondii BI281A bears potential as a new biodiesel feedstock

A Phosphoproteomic Approach towards the Understanding of the Role of TGF-β in Trypanosoma cruzi Biology

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in Chagas disease, not only in the development of chagasic cardiomyopathy, but also in many stages of the T. cruzi life cycle and survival in the host cell environment. The intracellular signaling pathways utilized by T. cruzi to regulate these mechanisms remain unknown. To identify parasite proteins involved in the TGF-β response, we utilized a combined approach of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analysis and mass spectrometry (MS) protein identification. Signaling via TGF-β is dependent on events of phosphorylation, which is one of the most relevant and ubiquitous post-translational modifications for the regulation of gene expression, and especially in trypanosomatids, since they lack several transcriptional control mechanisms. Here we show a kinetic view of T. cruzi epimastigotes (Y strain) incubated with TGF-β for 1, 5, 30 and 60 minutes, which promoted a remodeling of the parasite phosphorylation network and protein expression pattern. The altered molecules are involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as proteolysis, metabolism, heat shock response, cytoskeleton arrangement, oxidative stress regulation, translation and signal transduction. A total of 75 protein spots were up- or down-regulated more than twofold after TGF-β treatment, and from these, 42 were identified by mass spectrometry, including cruzipain–the major T. cruzi papain-like cysteine proteinase that plays an important role in invasion and participates in the escape mechanisms used by the parasite to evade the host immune system. In our study, we observed that TGF-β addition favored epimastigote proliferation, corroborating 2DE data in which proteins previously described to be involved in this process were positively stimulated by TGF-β

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data