The effect of anesthesia type on stress hormone response: Comparison of general versus epidural anesthesia

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different types of anesthesia on stress hormones.Materials and Methods: The study was included 60 ASAI-II cases scheduled for major lower extremity surgery. The cases were randomized into 2  groups: The EA group was administered epidural anesthesia and the GA group was administered standard general anesthesia. In order to evaluate the surgical trauma - related stress response, CRP, TSH, cortisol, and fasting blood sugar(FBS) levels were measured preoperatively, 30 min after surgical incision, and 24 h post surgery.Results: Between-group comparisons; Preoperative values were not  significantly different between the groups.(P > 0,05) Pulse rate and cortisol values significantly higher in general group at 30 min. (P < 0,05), and the FBS values were significantly higher in the epidural group at 24 h.(P < 0,05) There were not found differences for other parameters at evaluation times.Conclusion: No differences were observed between the two anesthesia methods, in terms of minimizing the stress response due to surgical trauma during major low extremity surgery.Key words: Epidural anesthesia, general anesthesia, stress hormone

Correction: The effect of activated protein C on experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis

PubMe

The effect of activated protein C on experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis

INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis is a local inflammatory process that leads to a systemic inflammatory response in the majority of cases. Bacterial contamination has been estimated to occur in 30–40% of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. Development of pancreatic necrosis depends mainly on the degree of inflammation and on the microvascular circulation of the pancreatic tissue. Activated protein C (APC) is known to inhibit coagulation and inflammation, and to promote fibrinolysis in patients with severe sepsis. We investigated the effects of APC on histopathology, bacterial translocation, and systemic inflammation in experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Rats were randomly allocated to three groups. Acute pancreatitis was induced in group II (positive control; n = 15) and group III (treatment; n = 15) rats by retrograde injection of taurocholate into the common biliopancreatic duct. Group I rats (sham; n = 15) received an injection of normal saline into the common biliopancreatic duct to mimic a pressure effect. Group III rats were treated with intravenous APC 6 hours after induction of pancreatitis. Pancreatic tissue and blood samples were obtained from all animals for histopathological examination and assessment of amylase, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6 levels in serum. Bacterial translocation to pancreas and mesenteric lymph nodes was measured. RESULTS: Acute pancreatitis developed in all groups apart from group I (sham), as indicated by microscopic parenchymal necrosis, fat necrosis and abundant turbid peritoneal fluid. Histopathological pancreatitis scores in the APC-treated group were lower than in positive controls (10.31 ± 0.47 versus 14.00 ± 0.52; P < 0.001). Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes and to pancreas in the APC-treated group was significantly decreased compared with controls (P < 0.02 and P < 0.007, respectively). Serum amylase, tumor necrosis factor--α, and IL-6 levels were also significantly decreased in comparison with positive controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.04 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: APC improved the severity of pancreatic tissue histology, superinfection rates and serum markers of inflammation during the course of acute necrotizing pancreatitis

Aspartame induces angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo models

Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood vessels from preexisting vessels and is considered essential in many pathological conditions. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of aspartame on angiogenesis in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and wound-healing models as well as in vitro 2,3-bis-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and tube formation assays. In CAM assay, aspartame increased angiogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, aspartame has significantly increased vessel proliferation (p < 0.001). In addition, in vivo rat model of skin wound-healing study showed that aspartame group had better healing than control group, and this was statistically significant at p < 0.05. There was a slight proliferative effect of aspartame on human umbilical vein endothelial cells on XTT assay in vitro, but it was not statistically significant; and there was no antiangiogenic effect of aspartame on tube formation assay in vitro. These results provide evidence that aspartame induces angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo; so regular use may have undesirable effect on susceptible cases. © The Author(s) 2015

The Effect of Treatment on Nitric Oxide and Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine Levels in Asthma Patients

Giriş ve Amaç: Asimetrik dimetilarjinin (ADMA) ve nitrik oksit (NO), etkilerini birlikte gösterirler, bu moleküller arasındaki denge hava yolu tonusunun ve fonksiyonunun sıkı düzenlenmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda astım tedavisinin serum ADMA, NO, düzeylerine solunum fonksiyon testlerindeki (SFT) değişimlerine, Total IgE, hemogram düzeylerindeki değişiklikleri belirlemeyi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda astım tanısı konmuş 30 erkek/kadın hasta (40-60 yaş) ve benzer yaş grubunda 24 erkek/kadın kontrol grubu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada tedavi öncesi ve sonrası hasta ve kontrol gruplarından serum ADMA, NO, Total IgE düzeylerine ELISA yöntemiyle ve hemogram düzeyleri ise otomatik kan sayım cihazında belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Astımlı hastaların tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası ADMA ve NO düzeyleri kontrol grubu ile arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Astımlı hastaların tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası grupların total IgE düzeyleri kontrol grubu ile arasında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. (p<0,001). Astımlı hastaların tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası grupların %FVC ve % PEF25−75% düzeyleri kontrol grubu ile arasındaki fark, tedavi öncesi grubun %FVC, %PEF25−75% düzeyleri tedavi sonrası grup arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: Astım hastalarında tedavinin hastalar üzerindeki etkileri bu çalışma ile belirlenmiş ve elde edilen veriler tedavi sonrası astım hastalarında iyileşme gözlenen parametre düzeylerinin astım hastalarında tedaviye yanıtın takibinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabileceği ortaya konmuştur.Objective: Asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) show their effects together and the balance between these molecules contributes to the tight regulation of airway tone and function. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in serum ADMA, NO, levels of pulmonary function tests (PFT), total IgE and hemogram levels of asthma treatment. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 male / female patients (40-60 years) diagnosed with asthma and 24 male / female control groups of similar age group were used. In the study, serum ADMA, NO, Total IgE levels before and after treatment were determined by ELISA method using commercial kit and hemogram levels were determined by automatic blood counting device. Results: There was a significant difference between ADMA and NO levels in asthmatic patients before and after treatment (p<0.001). The difference between total IgE levels of asthmatic patients before and after treatment was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). The difference between the FVC% and PEF25-75% levels of the pretreatment and post-treatment groups of the asthmatic patients with the control group and the %FVC and %PEF25- 75% of the pretreatment group were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The effects of treatment on asthmatic patients were determined in this study and it was shown that the parameter levels improved in asthmatic patients after treatment can be used to determine the response to treatment in asthmatic patients

GLUCONACETOBACTER HANSENİİ P2A İLE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN BAKTERİYEL SELÜLOZ ÜRETİMİNİN KİNETİK MODELLENMESİ

Bu çalışmada, çürük erikten izole edilen ve mutasyon direnci sergilediği ispatlanan Gluconacetobacter hansenii P2A (KUEN 1606) suşu ile, Hestrin Schramm besiyeri kullanılarak, statik ve karıştırmalı koşullar altında bakteriyel selüloz üretimi gerçekleştirilmiş, süreç, kinetik modeller ile tanımlanmış ve ilgili parametreler tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, hücre büyümesinin her iki kültivasyon koşulunda da Monod ifadesine uygunluk gösterdiğini (R21) ortaya koymuştur. Monod sabitleri max ve Ks, statik ve karıştırmalı koşullar için sırasıyla, 0.081 h-1, 45.88 g.l-1 ve 0.224 h-1, 22.85 g.l-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ürün oluşumu kinetiği irdelendiğinde ise, Leudeking-Piret modelinin deneysel verilere en uygun model olduğu saptanmış, regresyon katsayıları, statik ve karıştırmalı koşullar için sırasıyla, 0.96 ve 0.98 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Oluşturulan yüksek hassasiyetteki modeller, Gluconacetobacter hansenii P2A (KUEN 1606) ile gerçekleştirilecek pilot ve endüstriyel ölçekli bakteriyel selüloz üretiminin tasarımında temel oluşturacak niteliktedir

Multi-objective optimization of car sharing points under uncertainty for sustainable transportation

As an important part of the sharing economy, the usage of car sharing increases world widely with the help of developments in the technology. Especially after COVID-19 the demand for private car ownership and car sharing systems increased tremendously. Therefore, its market share attracts new investors and causes existing service providers to enlarge their service area. In this article, a novel multi-objective location-dependent two-stage stochastic optimization model is proposed to determine the most appropriate locations for car sharing system and allocate the demand to these locations. The model is applied to determine the best locations among 15 candidates, and three objectives are considered, which are the minimization of total cost that comprises locating costs minus income from satisfying the demand, minimization of CO2 emission occurs by the usage of car sharing system's cars and minimization of average unsatisfied demand. Both location-independent and location-dependent demands are taken into account. The proposed model delivers a more precise decision process framework for problems include stochasticity and multiobjectivity, and it easily can be implemented to any region, providing region sensitive parameters

Prediction of financial distress of companies with artificial neural networks and decision trees models

Operational failures are closely related to many interest groups within and outside of the companies. Businesses may face financial failure as a result of the market conditions of the economy as much as the internal factors while maintaining their activities. Failure in managing the risks they face in these circumstances can lead to bankruptcy. For this reason, companies should be able to foresee their failures and consider correct measures by analyzing their current situation. With this motivation, to estimate and classify the financial failures of companies operating in different sectors a model is constructed using artificial neural networks (ANN) and decision trees (DTs). Unique models have been developed for each sector and it is aimed to compare the correct classification of non-bankrupt rates based on sector and to determine the most important variables affecting the financial failures on sectoral basis. In this context, for the companies listed in the BIST, 25 financial ratios and 2 non-financial variable were selected from 240 companies operating in manufacturing, service and trade sectors. In the model, near-zero error value has been targeted and non-bankrupt and bankrupt companies in the model have been classified correctly

Examining self-efficacy perception and attitudes of introduction to programming course students with respect to gender and course language [Programlamaya Giriş Dersi Ögrencilerinin Öz Yeterlilik Algilari ve Derse Yönelik Tutumlarinin Cinsiyet ve Egitim Diline Göre İncelenmesi]

2nd International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering, UBMK 2017 -- 5 October 2017 through 8 October 2017 -- -- 132116The purpose of this study is to examine generalized self-efficacy and attitudes of the F.M.V. Isik University Engineering Faculty students of Introduction to Programming Course (CSE101) with respect to student gender and course language (Turkish-English). A total of 114 university students, 40 female and 74 male, participated in the research. In order to measure students' self-efficacy perceptions, General Self-Efficacy scale was used and openended questions were asked for evaluation of course outcomes (success and failure) and basic demographic information such as age and gender were collected. The open-ended questions were examined by qualitative analysis method. The quantitative analysis revealed a significant relation between the self-efficacy scores of the students with the General Grade Point Average (GPA); and a non-significant relation with the CSE101 end of term grade average. In addition, it was seen that students' self-efficacy scores did not significantly differ with respect to the gender and language (Turkish-English). The motivation scores of the students do not differ according to the course language. In qualitative analysis, we observed that the frequency percentages of the answers given by the students changed according to their genders. By revealing the gender difference in attitudes towards programming course, it is expected that this study will contribute to the process of determining the variables that predict student success in engineering programming education. © 2017 IEEE