On Jacobi Inversion Formulae for Telescopic Curves

For a hyperelliptic curve of genus $g$, it is well known that the symmetric products of $g$ points on the curve are expressed in terms of their Abel-Jacobi image by the hyperelliptic sigma function (Jacobi inversion formulae). Matsutani and Previato gave a natural generalization of the formulae to the more general algebraic curves defined by $y^r=f(x)$, which are special cases of $(n,s)$ curves, and derived new vanishing properties of the sigma function of the curves $y^r=f(x)$. In this paper we extend the formulae to the telescopic curves proposed by Miura and derive new vanishing properties of the sigma function of telescopic curves. The telescopic curves contain the $(n,s)$ curves as special cases

Rates of convergence for nearest neighbor estimators with the smoother regression function

In regression analysis one wants to estimate the regression function from a data. In this paper we consider the rate of convergence for the nearest neighbor estimator in case that the regression function is $(p,C)$-smooth. It is an open problem whether the optimal rate can be achieved by some nearest neighbor estimator in case that $p$ is on (1,1.5]. We solve the problem affirmatively. This is the main result of this paper. Throughout this paper, we assume that the data is independent and identically distributed and as an error criterion we use the expected $L_2$ error.Comment: 12 pages, 1 tabl

An Evening of Polish Music

Program listing performers and works performed

Adjectival and verbal nouns in Japanese and multi-level nominalization

This paper shows that there is a subclass of adjectives in Japanese called adjectival nouns, which consists of adjectives mostly of foreign origin, and this subset of the adjectives is required to undergo nominalization by the merger of a null nominalizing suffix. This process of nominalization takes place either prior to the PF interface or at PF, depending on the types of null nominalizing suffixes that merge with adjectival nouns. The proposed multilevel nominalization analysis has desirable consequences for adjectival nouns, and can also be extended to a subclass of verbs in Japanese, which likewise are typically of foreign origin

Interactions between plant pathogens and their implications for crop protection

One plant may often be infected by more than one pathogen species. It is assumed that species which exploit the same resource have the potential to affect each other. Plant diseases where more than one pathogen is involved in the development of infection are usually termed as ¨disease complex¨. Different pathogen species causing similar symptoms on a single host plant species may complicate diagnosis and subsequent control, and besides, the complex interaction may alter the expression of host disease severity. However, the knowledge of multiple-pathogen interactions is still limited, and therefore recent epidemiologic studies have begun to focus on this subject. Pathogen-pathogen interaction varies due to different interaction mechanisms. For example, antagonism where one pathogen has a negative effect on the development of the other. Antagonistic interaction can often be divided into three different mechanisms. First, pathogens produce antimicrobial components, and therefore the development of the other pathogen is supressed. Second, pathogens induce systemic resistance by activating the defence mechanism in the plant-host. Finally, pathogens which out-compete the other pathogens because they are quicker in consuming nutrients and occupying the ecological niches. Another example of multiple-pathogen interactions is synergism, where one pathogen promotes the development of another, and thus it may result in more severe disease symptoms. The objective of this study was to learn about pathogen-pathogen interactions in plant diseases via literature review and test a method for analysing the interactions in vitro, using plant pathogens from the Fusarium genus (F. graminearum, F. culmorum & F. oxysporum). The lab result showed that F. oxysporum, in the interaction setup, was quicker in consuming nutrients and occupied most of space on PDA at temperature 25°C, whereas F. culmorum seemed to be supressed. Hence, F. oxysporum seemed like a better competitor toward F. culmorum under the in vitro conditions tested. Compared to the traditional studies where focus is on only one pathogen, the study of multiple-pathogen interactions has just begun recently, and it is important to establish the experimental methods to understand disease complexes, the synergisms and antagonism in pathogen-pathogen interactions, leading to identification of pathogens in relation to the crop production system. This will require a holistic understanding of how a host responds to co-infection and how pathogens interact and coexist; therefore, this needs to involve the interdisciplinary research collaboration between bacteriologists, mycologists and virologists

Individual EEG Asymmetry As a Predictor of Hydration Status During Exercise in the Heat

Hydration behavior varies among individuals; continuous and correct fluid consumption behavior prevents decreased physical performance and severe dehydration, especially during extended exercise and hot environments. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine individual frontal alpha electroencephalographic asymmetry index (FAI) score in eu-hydrated, hypo-hydrated, and exercise in well-trained men and assess if there is a correlation between FAI score and individual ad libitum fluid consumption behavior. Subjects were kinesiology major college students ranging from 21 to 29 years of age. Subjects were categorized either approach group (n = 8) with resting FAI score more than 0 or avoidance group (n = 3) with FAI score less than 0. All subjects performed a passive dehydration trial in a hot water bath and exercise trial. While larger sample sizes are needed to verify results, there was a moderate correlation between the higher change in FAI scores to water exposure (closer to the positive value) and the greater desire for fluid consumption at baseline (as expressed by 100-millimeter scale) only in the hydration trial with no significance (r = 0.6; p = 0.05). Also, there was a moderate correlation between the larger change in FAI score (higher affinity) to water exposure and the more ad libitum fluid consumption during exercise in the approach group (r =0.72; p \u3c 0.05). These trends may indicate that changes in FAI score between resting and beverage exposure could provide patterns within individual ad libitum fluid consumption during exercise. However, there was no relationship between post-exercise or dehydration FAI scores and the desire for fluid consumption

Sigma Functions for Telescopic Curves

In this paper, we consider the sigma functions for algebraic curves expressed by a canonical form using a finite sequence $(a_1,...,a_t)$ of positive integers whose greatest common divisor is equal to one (Miura [13]). The idea is to express a non-singular algebraic curve by affine equations of $t$ variables whose orders at infinity are $(a_1,...,a_t)$. We construct a symplectic basis of the first cohomology group and the sigma functions for telescopic curves, i.e., the curves such that the number of defining equations is exactly $t-1$ in the Miura canonical form. The largest class of curves for which such construction has been obtained thus far is $(n,s)$-curves ([3][15]), which are telescopic because they are expressed in the Miura canonical form with $t=2$, $a_1=n$, and $a_2=s$, and the number of defining equations is one.Comment: 22 page

Intercultural experience and the process of psychological adjustment: A case study of Japanese students in England

As a consequence of the increases in the number of international students and because of growing interests in multicultural issues in counselling, there has been much discussion of the psychological influence of studying abroad and support systems for international students from different research perspectives. This thesis, using a combination of a quantitative and a qualitative methodology, examines the psychological adjustment process of international students to a host environment within Rogers' person-centred counselling framework. In Rogers' personality theory, a potential for positive change in individuals and influences of environments on the self structure are main concepts. In this study, therefore, I focus on international students' potentials for positive change and the influences of their host environment on those changes. The principal aims of this thesis are (i) to explore international students’ psychological experience during their study abroad, (іі) to investigate the psychological influences of intercultural experiences on them and (ііі) to seek support strategies which facilitate them to be effective as a student and as a resident abroad. Longitudinal research over one year was conducted with two cohorts of Japanese undergraduate students in England between 1998 and 2000, using questionnaires and in-depth interviews focusing on imagery and metaphors. The questionnaires (N=70) investigated students' past experiences in foreign countries, motivations, daily experiences, feelings, psychological experiences, interactions with others, psychological states (adjustment level) and self image, including self-evaluation of English proficiency. The interviews (N=17) covered similar contents, however, explored more in depth. The findings of the research show that although the year abroad is a challenging experience for many students, it can be beneficial to their positive changes, i.e., personal growth and acquisition of intercultural competence. Some possibilities are suggested for an effective support system to enhance an experience which can be either positive or negative and provided by those who work with international students

Significance of Vetivar Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) in Coffee Based Farming System of Ethiopian (A Review)

Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L) is very valuable grass species.  It is distributed mainly in Asia, Africa, and America. This plant species is considered as an excellent erosion control over many parts of the world. The unique deep rooting system of vetiver helps to prevent soil erosion and water run-off. Most coffee growing areas of Ethiopia are steep and gently sloppy areas which requires terracing and erosion control. Jimma Agricultural Research Center (JARC) of the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research introduced vetiver grass for the first time to JARC, Ethiopia. The coffee research center contributed more to exploit the unique nature of vetivar that it grows under extreme and wide range of ecological and soil conditions. Research from Jimma Agricultural Research Center (JARC) has demonstrated that rainfall runoff is very significantly reduced by use of vetiver hedges, even on bare land, the soil loss is also dramatically reduced by the third year of establishment. The research carried out in other parts of the world indicated that due to improved soil moisture retention and soil fertility preservation, significant crop yield increases have been recorded between 30-50 per cent - when farmers make use of vetiver hedgerows. Ethiopian farmers and modern coffee farms also benefit from using vetiver as mulch, improving soil organic matter and nutrient recycling. Different coffee farms are also thriving to adopt the technology for treating the effluent discharged from coffee pulpery. The significance of vetivar plant in Ethiopian agriculture can benefit not only for conservation purpose but also it is becoming almost vital in coffee production system due to its diverse value in the sector. Currently most conservationists and agriculturalists agree that the use of Vetivar system in Ethiopia should be scaled-up, as well as introduced for non-farm purposes to exploit its additional advantages