26 research outputs found

    Mapping and Characterization of Some Industrial Mineral Deposits in North-Central Nigeria as Raw Materials for Industrialization

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    Physical mapping and geochemical characterization of some industrial mineral occurrences in North-Central Nigeria have been undertaken as a basis for identifying the locations of their occurrence, the economic quantities, modes of occurrence and physico-chemical characteristics as raw materials for industrialization in the region. The North-Central region of Nigeria comprises the geopolitical states of Benue, Kogi, Kwara, Nasarawa, Niger, Plateau and the Federal Capital Territory. Physical mapping-surveys have been carried out on clay, marble and talc deposits in Niger State; barite and clay deposits in Nasarawa State and on clay, marble and feldspar deposits in Kogi State. Deposits of clay have been mapped in Niger State at Mashegu, Kutigi and Lemu, marble and clay at Kwakuti and talc at Kagara. In Nasarawa State barite deposits were mapped at Azara and Wuse and clay deposit at Shabu while in Kogi State clay deposits occur at Ahoko and Ojodu, marble at Jakura and Obajana and at Allo/Itobe and feldspar at Ajaokuta. All the mapped industrial minerals occur in economic quantities, although the exact reserves have not yet been measured

    measurement of radon concentration in selected houses in ibadan nigeria

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    Radon is a natural radioactive gas without colour or odour and tasteless. The World Health Organization (WHO) grouped radon as a human lung carcinogen. For this reason, there has been a lot of interest on the effects of radon exposure to people all over the world and Nigeria is no exception. The aim of this study is to investigate the radon concentration in selected houses in three local government areas of Ibadan. The indoor radon was measured in both mud and brick houses. Fifty houses were considered from the three Local government areas. A calibrated portable continuous radon monitor type (RAD7) manufactured by Durridge company was used for the measurement. A distance of 100 to 200 m was maintained between houses in all the locations. The living room was kept closed during the measurements. The mean radon concentration measured in Egbeda is 10.54 ±1.30 Bqm -3; Lagelu is 16.90 ± 6.31 Bqm -3 and Ona-Ara is 17.95 ± 1.72 Bqm -3. The mean value of the annual absorbed dose and annual effective dose for the locations in the three local government areas was 0.19 mSvy-1 and 0.48 mSvy-1 respectively. The radon concentration for location 10 in Ono-Ara local government exceeded the recommended limit. However, the overall average indoor radon concentration of the three local governments was found to be lower than the world average value of 40 Bqm -3. Hence, there is need for proper awareness about the danger of radon accumulation in dwelling places

    Safety Awareness in Selected X-ray Diagnostic Centres in Surulere and Ikeja Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria.

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    Background: Health hazards are associated with exposure to ionizing radiations such as x-rays. Many private x-ray diagnostic clinics in Lagos State operate with inadequate safety and protection devices, which make the conditions unsafe to patient and environment. Objective: To assess the working conditions, protection measures put in place, safety awareness and attitudes of both employees and employers to safety and protection in radiodiagnostic centers in Surulere and Ikeja Local Government Areas. Methodology: Questionnaires were used for collecting information on socio-demographic data, occupational history, activities, working conditions, knowledge and experience of radiation hazards in x-ray centers. Interviews were conducted with Heads of Departments and Radiologists using the checklist adapted from the International Atomic Energy Agency. Results: 88.9% of the participating centers had adequate space and some safety assessment performed prior to installation of the facility. 81.5% had few basic protection devices. Only 40.7% employed adequate and qualified staff while 25.9% provided personnel training and 22.2% had quality control programme. 14.8% had radiation protection programme. 60.2% of respondents were aware of health hazards associated with radiation exposures, 57.8% of which were males. Conclusion: Operation conditions in most private diagnostic centers are below standard due to grossly inadequate provision of safety and protection devices. Employment of qualified staff and continuous education need be emphasized and enforced. Keywords: x-ray exposure; radiation hazards; Safety awareness Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Science Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 62-7

    Radiosynthesis and Biological Distribution of <sup>18</sup>F‑Labeled Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances

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    A novel method for radiolabeling perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) with fluorine 18 has been developed, and after purification, the stability and biological distribution in healthy mice were evaluated. Three PFAS, [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFOA (C8), [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFHxA (C6), and [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFBA (C4), were readily labeled and isolated in average yields between 12 and 31%. The stability of each compound was monitored in 0.1% ammonium hydroxide (NH<sub>4</sub>OH) in methanol, in saline, and in human, mouse, and rat sera. The amount of intact, radiolabeled PFAS was determined by radiometric instant thin layer chromatography and was calculated by the amount of free fluorine 18 observed over time. All compounds were highly stable in 0.1% NH<sub>4</sub>OH in methanol and saline, with <10% defluorination observed after 4 h. Interestingly, each compound had differing affinities for the serum proteins. <i>In vivo</i> biodistribution studies in mice showed uptake in all organs examined, with the highest uptake being exhibited in the liver for both [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFOA and [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFHxA and the stomach for [<sup>18</sup>F]­PFBA. The results of this initial study suggest that this method could be valuable in helping to determine the biological uptake of any PFAS in mammals
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