994 research outputs found
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Firm technological responses to regulatory changes: A longitudinal study in the Le Mans Prototype racing
Despite the critical role of regulations on competition and innovation, little is known about firm responses and related effects on performance under regulatory contingencies that are permissive or restrictive. By longitudinally investigating hybrid cars competing in the Le Mans Prototype racing (LMP1), we counter-intuitively suggest that permissive regulations increase technological uncertainty and thus decrease the firmsâ likelihood of shifting their technological trajectory, while restrictive regulations lead to the opposite outcome. Further, we suggest that permissive regulations favour firms that innovate their products by sequentially upgrading core and peripheral subsystems, while restrictive regulationsâin the long termâ favour firms upgrading them simultaneously. Implications for theory and practice are discussed
Special issue on materials development by additive manufacturing techniques
Additive manufacturing (AM) processes are steadily gaining attention from many industrial fields, as they are revolutionizing components' designs and production lines. However, the full application of these technologies to industrial manufacturing has to be supported by the study of the AM materials' properties and their correlations with the feedstock and the building conditions. Furthermore, nowadays, only a limited number of materials processable by AM are available on the market. It is, therefore, fundamental to widen the materials' portfolio and to study and develop new materials that can take advantage of these unique building processes. The present special issue collects recent research activities on these topics
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Building a Winning Business Model Portfolio
Many companies today are operating several business models at once. But despite the potential that business model diversification has for generating growth and profit, executives need to carefully assess the strategic contributions of each element of their business model portfolio
On the photoproduction of jets at HERA
We discuss the inclusive jet production at HERA in the next-to-leading
logarithm approximation. Theoretical uncertainties are considered in some
details. We show the importance of the jet rapidity distribution to constrain
the parton densities in the photon. A comparison is made with the recent H1
data.Comment: 10 + 7 figures included uuencoded tar-compressed
([email protected]) , ENSLAPP-A-484/94, LPTHE Orsay 94-8
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Business model responses to digital piracy
Digital piracy challenges firms by reducing revenues and shifting consumption habits. Recently, some firms have successfully leveraged business models against piracy, but the understanding about this phenomenon still lacks depth and structure. This study examines the characteristics of digital piracy in some of the most affected industries, presents comparative case studies of two iconic firms, Spotify and Netflix, and analyzes their digital business model responses. We generalize their adoption to generic digital content distributors and explain how they contribute to generate and capture value. Theoretical and practical implications for technological innovation, firm diversification, and network competition are also discussed
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Driving performance via exploration in changing environments: Evidence from Formula One racing
Until recently, scholars have customarily lumped multiple dimensions of environmental change into single constructs, and usually ascertained that the more the context changes, the more value firms derive from higher levels of exploration. In sync with more recent studies focusing on specific dimensions of change, in this paper we borrow theoretical elements from systems theory to examine the possibility that the reward to developing innovative product components may itself be eroded by implicit and yet burgeoning costs to fit the new component technology into existing architectures, thereby dampening system performance. Specifically, we theoretically assess how varying magnitudes of industry regulatory changes affect the optimum level of firm exploration, and proposeâcounter-intuitively vis-Ă -vis past literatureâthat the more radical (i.e., competence-destroying), as opposed to incremental (i.e., competence-enhancing) these changes are, the more the optimum intensity of firm exploration recedes. Based on quantitative as well as qualitative empirical analyses from the Formula One racing industry, we precisely trace the observed performance outcomes back to the underlying logic of our theory, stressing that impaired capabilities to integrate the new component in the architecture re-design, as well as time-based cognitive limitations both operate to inhibit the otherwise positive relationship between firm exploration and performance. In the end, we offer new insights to theory and practice
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Digital Machines, Space, And Time: Towards A Behavioral Perspective Of Flexible Manufacturing
Recently, the diffusion of digital machines has further enhanced firmsâ manufacturing flexibility, but also opened questions on potential challenges and implications in the production process. To respond to these timely issues, we adopt a behavioral perspective and comparatively explore how four different types of digital machinesâcharacterized by increasing degrees of manufacturing flexibilityâaffect the perception and use of space and time for routines within the production plant. We qualitatively observe and compare 45 digital manufacturing machines, sampled across 14 firms in the British and Italian motorsport industry. A model emerges where four key mechanisms reshape the âspace-machineâ and âtime-machineâ routines. Such mechanisms mediate the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and firm performance. Further, we show how increasing digitalization in the manufacturing process enhances the establishment of new routines as flexible machines get introduced in the production. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications related to fostering a behavioral perspective in innovation and operations management studies
Jets and produced particles in pp collisions from SPS to RHIC energies for nuclear applications
Higher-order pQCD corrections play an important role in the reproduction of
data at high transverse momenta in the energy range 20 GeV GeV. Recent calculations of photon and pion production in collisions
yield detailed information on the next-to-leading order contributions. However,
the application of these results in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus
collisions is not straightforward. The study of nuclear effects requires a
simplified understanding of the output of these computations. Here we summarize
our analysis of recent calculations, aimed at handling the NLO results by
introducing process and energy-dependent factors.Comment: 4 pages with 5 eps figures include
Synergic strategies to improve the PBF-LB/M processability of a cracking-sensitive alloy
The Powder Bed Fusion-Laser Beam\Metals (PBF-LB\M) is a promising additive manufacturing process
that can be used to directly produce functional components with a complex shape for a wide variety
of applications. However, the layer-by-layer scanning and high cooling rates result in a high thermal gra-
dient and thus, in thermally induced stresses. The stresses developed during the additive process could
lead to undesirable cracking and delamination phenomena that can seriously affect the performance of
the final component. The alloy composition can exacerbate crack and delamination formation, however,
the need to expand the portfolio of high-strength materials processable for PBF-LB\M makes the resolu-
tion of these undesirable phenomena a primary challenge in the additive manufacturing field. This works
aims to systematically investigate some strategies to make processable non-standard compositions. As no
standard compositions, the promising pre-alloyed AlSi10Cu8Mg composition was chosen for the present
work. Based on the results obtained from a condition of severe delamination, the synergetic use of appro-
priate process parameters and support structures can lead to crack-free and fully dense specimens also
when platform heating is not allowed. The developed approach could also be applied to adapt other
cracking-sensitive alloys for PBF-LB\M production
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