Research Notes : Observations of polyembryony and polyploidy in ms1 and ms2 male-sterile soybean populations

Several reports of polyembryony and polyploidy in the progeny of ms1 male-sterile soybeans have been made. Kenworthy et al. (1973) found 4% of 3485 seeds contained twin seedlings. Three triploids and one haploid were found among the twins

Positiivinen pedagogiikka oppilaiden sosiaalisten ja emotionaalisten taitojen vahvistajana

Tiivistelmä. Kandidaatin tutkielmani tavoitteena on selvittää positiivisen pedagogiikan ja sosiaalisten ja emotionaalisten taitojen yhteyttä. Tämän yhteyden lisäksi tutkielmassani keskityn myös selvittämään, miten opettaja voi positiivista pedagogiikka hyödyntämällä vahvistaa oppilaiden sosiaalisia ja emotionaalisia taitoja. Tutkielma on toteutettu kuvailevana kirjallisuuskatsauksena ja siinä on hyödynnetty kansainvälisiä ja suomalaisia aineistoja ja kirjallisuutta, joiden luotettavuus on tarkistettu. Positiivinen pedagogiikka on positiiviseen psykologiaan pohjautuva pedagoginen suuntaus. Positiivisessa pedagogiikassa keskiössä on onnellisuuden, hyvinvoinnin, kukoistuksen ja luonteenvahvuuksien vaaliminen ja opettaminen. Positiivisessa pedagogiikassa arvostetaan sosiaalisia taitoja, vuorovaikutusta ja myönteisiä ihmissuhteita osana yksilön hyvinvointia ja menestymistä. Keskeisessä roolissa positiivisessa pedagogiikassa on myös emotionaaliset taidot, myönteisten tunteiden vaaliminen ja haastavien tunteiden käsitteleminen. Emotionaaliset taidot nähdään positiivisessa pedagogiikassa myös onnellisuutta ja hyvinvointia lisäävinä. Sosiaaliset ja emotionaaliset taidot ovat osa yksilön sosioemotionaalista kompetenssia. Näihin taitoihin lukeutuu muun muassa muiden tunteiden tunnistaminen ja ilmaiseminen, tunteiden hyödyntäminen ongelmanratkaisussa, myönteisten tunteiden ylläpitäminen ja sosiaalisten taitojen hyödyntäminen toimittaessa yhteistyössä muiden kanssa. Sosiaalisilla ja emotionaalisilla taidoilla on suuri merkitys hyväksytyksi tulemisen ja sosiaalisen osallisuuden kokemisen kannalta läpi koko elämän kaaren. Opettajalla on useita keinoja vahvistaa oppilaiden sosiaalisia ja emotionaalisia taitoja positiivisen pedagogiikan keinoilla. Tutkielmassani perehdyn näihin keinoihin erityisesti positiivisen psykologian perma-teorian kautta, joka on Martin Seligmanin kehittämä hyvinvointiteoria. Perma-teoria soveltuu hyvin positiivisen pedagogiikan toteuttamisen taustaksi ja mahdollistaa hyvinvoinnin ja sosiaalisten ja emotionaalisten taitojen vahvistamisen tarkastelun

A Strategy For Identifying Putative Causes Of Gene Expression Variation In Human Cancer

There is often a need to predict the impact of alterations in one variable on another variable. This is especially the case in cancer research, where much effort has been made to carry out large-scale gene expression screening by microarray techniques. However, the causes of this variability from one cancer to another and from one gene to another often remain unknown. In this study we present a systematic procedure for finding genes whose expression is altered by an intrinsic or extrinsic explanatory phenomenon. The procedure has three stages: preprocessing, data integration and statistical analysis. We tested and verified the utility of this approach in a study, where expression and copy number of 13,824 genes were determined in 14 breast cancer samples. The expression of 270 genes could be explained by the variability of gene copy number. These genes may represent an important set of primary, genetically "damaged" genes that drive cancer progression

The importance of clinical and labour market histories in psychiatric disability retirement : analysis of the comprehensive Finnish national-level RETIRE data

Objectives Despite the stable incidence of mental disorders in Finland and Europe, mental health-related occupational disability has been increasing. We unveiled the paths to permanent psychiatric disability, recovery, or death, by analysing sequences of labour market participation. Methods The RETIRE register database includes information regarding all persons (n = 42,170) awarded an ICD-10 psychiatric disability pension between 2010 and 2015 in Finland. We identified clusters of typical paths of pre-retirement labour market history. Controlling for major mental disorders, age, and sex, we evaluated factors associated with returning to work (RTW), or death, over a 5-year follow-up period. Results Only 10.5% of the disabled subjects returned to work within the follow-up. Half of them ended up with a permanent disability pension. Seven distinguishable paths to disability were identified. Subjects in the cluster characterized by steady employment were relatively often females, lost their work ability due to affective disorders, and had the highest rate of returning to work (16.3%). Mortality was highest (9%) among the cluster characterized by long-term unemployment. Distributions of major diagnostic groups, as well as age and sex, differed between clusters. After their adjustment in the analysis of RTW or death, the identified labour market history paths prior to losing work ability remained as important independent prognostic factors for both outcomes. Conclusions The complex retirement process involves identifiable clinical and contextual associating factors. Labour market history patterns associate with varying prognoses after psychiatric retirement. Prolonged unemployment appears as a predictor of relatively poor prognoses, whereas employment indicates the opposite.Peer reviewe

On the Adaptive Partition Approach to the Detection of Multiple Change-Points

With an adaptive partition procedure, we can partition a “time course” into consecutive non-overlapped intervals such that the population means/proportions of the observations in two adjacent intervals are significantly different at a given level . However, the widely used recursive combination or partition procedures do not guarantee a global optimization. We propose a modified dynamic programming algorithm to achieve a global optimization. Our method can provide consistent estimation results. In a comprehensive simulation study, our method shows an improved performance when it is compared to the recursive combination/partition procedures. In practice, can be determined based on a cross-validation procedure. As an application, we consider the well-known Pima Indian Diabetes data. We explore the relationship among the diabetes risk and several important variables including the plasma glucose concentration, body mass index and age

Bioavailability of riverine dissolved organic matter in three Baltic Sea estuaries and the effect of catchment land use

Peer reviewe

A terminal assessment of stages theory : introducing a dynamic states approach to entrepreneurship

Stages of Growth models were the most frequent theoretical approach to understanding entrepreneurial business growth from 1962 to 2006; they built on the growth imperative and developmental models of that time. An analysis of the universe of such models (N=104) published in the management literature shows no consensus on basic constructs of the approach, nor is there any empirical confirmations of stages theory. However, by changing two propositions of the stages models, a new dynamic states approach is derived. The dynamic states approach has far greater explanatory power than its precursor, and is compatible with leading edge research in entrepreneurship