Analysis of cod-liver oil adulteration using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Analysis of the adulteration of cod-liver oil with much cheaper oil-like animal fats has become attractive in recent years. This study highlights an application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as a nondestructive and fast technique for the determination of adulterants in cod-liver oil. Attenuated total reflectance measurements were made on pure cod-liver oil and cod-liver oil adulterated with different concentrations of lard (0.5–50% v/v in cod-liver oil). A chemometrics partial least squares (PLS) calibration model was developed for quantitative measurement of the adulterant. Discriminant analysis method was used to classify cod-liver oil samples from common animal fats (beef, chicken, mutton, and lard) based on their infrared spectra. Discriminant analysis carried out using seven principal components was able to classify the samples as pure or adulterated cod-liver oil based on their FTIR spectra at the selected fingerprint regions (1,500–1,030 cm−1)

Discrimination of n-3 Rich Oils by Gas Chromatography

Exploring the capabilities of instrumental techniques for discriminating n-3 rich oils derived from animals is a very important though much neglected area that was emphasized more than 100 years ago. In this study the potential of gas chromatography (GC) for discriminating full fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles from fish (cod liver and salmon) and marine mammal (seal and whale) oils is evaluated by means of principal component analysis (PCA). The FAME profiles from plant oils such as rapeseed, linseed and soy oils and seven different brands of n-3 supplements are also used in the discrimination process. The results from the PCA plots can reliably distinguish between plant, n-3 supplements, fish and marine mammal oils. By removing the contribution of the n-3 supplements and plant oils it is possible to discriminate between types of fish and marine animal oils. GC offers a rapid, simple and convenient means of discriminating oils from different species, brands and grades

Data for: Mode I stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical fatigue cracks in curved round bars

Geometry correction factors for semi-elliptical cracks in curved round bars computed using finite element analysis, as well as best-fit coefficients for polynomial approximation of stress intensity factors along the crack fronts

Data for: Mode I stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical fatigue cracks in curved round bars

Geometry correction factors for semi-elliptical cracks in curved round bars computed using finite element analysis, as well as best-fit coefficients for polynomial approximation of stress intensity factors along the crack fronts

CO2 Pipeline Integrity: Comparison of a Coupled Fluid-structure Model and Uncoupled Two-curve Methods

AbstractOne challenge in CCS is related to the prevention of running-ductile fracture in CO2-carrying pipelines. Commonly used tools for ensuring crack arrest in pipelines hinge mainly on semi-empirical models, which may not be appropriate for CO2 transport since they have been developed and fitted for natural gas and older pipeline materials, and due to an assumed decoupling of the fluid decompression and fracture propagation phenomena. In this paper, we apply a coupled fluid-structure model to a case with pure dense liquid CO2 in a modern high-toughness steel pipeline, and compare the results one would obtain from directly applying the uncoupled models to the same case without any re-fitting to test data. For this case, the coupled model indicates that a significantly thicker pipeline wall may be required to prevent running-ductile fracture than what is predicted by the uncoupled models. Therefore, using the uncoupled models for such cases might not be conservative