4,166 research outputs found
Semiclassical Approach to Competing Orders in Two-leg Spin Ladder with Ring-Exchange
We investigate the competition between different orders in the two-leg spin
ladder with a ring-exchange interaction by means of a bosonic approach. The
latter is defined in terms of spin-1 hardcore bosons which treat the N\'eel and
vector chirality order parameters on an equal footing. A semiclassical approach
of the resulting model describes the phases of the two-leg spin ladder with a
ring-exchange. In particular, we derive the low-energy effective actions which
govern the physical properties of the rung-singlet and dominant vector
chirality phases. As a by-product of our approach, we reveal the mutual
induction phenomenon between spin and chirality with, for instance, the
emergence of a vector-chirality phase from the application of a magnetic field
in bilayer systems coupled by four-spin exchange interactions.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
Itinerant ferromagnetism in a two-dimensional atomic gas
Motivated by the first experimental evidence of ferromagnetic behavior in a
three-dimensional ultracold atomic gas, we explore the possibility of itinerant
ferromagnetism in a trapped two-dimensional atomic gas. Firstly, we develop a
formalism that demonstrates how quantum fluctuations drive the ferromagnetic
reconstruction first order, and consider the consequences of an imposed
population imbalance. Secondly, we adapt this formalism to elucidate the key
experimental signatures of ferromagnetism in a realistic trapped geometry.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Distribution of Resonance Widths and Dynamics of Continuum Coupling
We analyze the statistics of resonance widths in a many-body Fermi system
with open decay channels. Depending on the strength of continuum coupling, such
a system reveals growing deviations from the standard chi-square
(Porter-Thomas) width distribution. The deviations emerge from the process of
increasing interaction of intrinsic states through common decay channels; in
the limit of perfect coupling this process leads to the super-radiance phase
transition. The width distribution depends also on the intrinsic dynamics
(chaotic vs regular). The results presented here are important for
understanding the recent experimental data concerning the width distribution
for neutron resonances in nuclei.Comment: 5 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Antiferromagnetic noise correlations in optical lattices
We analyze how noise correlations probed by time-of-flight (TOF) experiments
reveal antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations of fermionic atoms in
two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) optical lattices. Combining
analytical and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations using experimentally
realistic parameters, we show that AF correlations can be detected for
temperatures above and below the critical temperature for AF ordering. It is
demonstrated that spin-resolved noise correlations yield important information
about the spin ordering. Finally, we show how to extract the spin correlation
length and the related critical exponent of the AF transition from the noise.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Quantum antiferromagnetism and high superconductivity: a close connection between the t-J model and the projected BCS Hamiltonian
A connection between quantum antiferromagnetism and high
superconductivity is theoretically investigated by analyzing the t-J model and
its relationships to the Gutzwiller-projected BCS Hamiltonian. After numerical
corroboration via exact diagonalization, it is analytically shown that the
ground state of the t-J model at half filling (i.e., the 2D antiferromagnetic
Heisenberg model) is entirely equivalent to the ground state of the
Gutzwiller-projected BCS Hamiltonian with strong pairing. Combined with the
high wavefunction overlap between the ground states of the t-J model and the
projected BCS Hamiltonian at moderate doping, this equivalence provides strong
support for the existence of superconductivity in the t-J model. The
relationship between the ground state of the projected BCS Hamiltonian and
Anderson's resonating valence bond state (i.e., the projected BCS ground state)
is discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, the final version published in Phys. Rev.
Hydroacoustic Detection of Submarine Landslides on Kilauea Volcano
Landslides produced at the site where lava flows into the ocean at Kilauea volcano have been detected hydroacoustically. Up to 10 landslides per day were detected by a hydrophone on the Hawaii Undersea Geo-Observatory (HUGO), located 50 km south of the entry site. The largest of these landslides, partly subaerial events known as bench collapses, were detected by a network of hydrophones in the eastern Pacific, 5000–7000 km away from the source. The landslides display a characteristic spectral signature easily recognizable among other signals such as earthquake T-phases and anthropogenic noises. The fact that signals are detected at great distances suggests that hydroacoustic detection of landslides could be a powerful tool in tsunami monitoring and modeling efforts
Phase-space characterization of complexity in quantum many-body dynamics
We propose a phase-space Wigner harmonics entropy measure for many-body
quantum dynamical complexity. This measure, which reduces to the well known
measure of complexity in classical systems and which is valid for both pure and
mixed states in single-particle and many-body systems, takes into account the
combined role of chaos and entanglement in the realm of quantum mechanics. The
effectiveness of the measure is illustrated in the example of the Ising chain
in a homogeneous tilted magnetic field. We provide numerical evidence that the
multipartite entanglement generation leads to a linear increase of entropy
until saturation in both integrable and chaotic regimes, so that in both cases
the number of harmonics of the Wigner function grows exponentially with time.
The entropy growth rate can be used to detect quantum phase transitions. The
proposed entropy measure can also distinguish between integrable and chaotic
many-body dynamics by means of the size of long term fluctuations which become
smaller when quantum chaos sets in.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Nearby Doorways, Parity Doublets and Parity Mixing in Compound Nuclear States
We discuss the implications of a doorway state model for parity mixing in
compound nuclear states. We argue that in order to explain the tendency of
parity violating asymmetries measured in Th to have a common sign,
doorways that contribute to parity mixing must be found in the same energy
neighbourhood of the measured resonance. The mechanism of parity mixing in this
case of nearby doorways is closely related to the intermediate structure
observed in nuclear reactions in which compound states are excited. We note
that in the region of interest (Th) nuclei exhibit octupole
deformations which leads to the existence of nearby parity doublets. These
parity doublets are then used as doorways in a model for parity mixing. The
contribution of such mechanism is estimated in a simple model.Comment: 11 pages, REVTE
Emergence of Zipf's Law in the Evolution of Communication
Zipf's law seems to be ubiquitous in human languages and appears to be a
universal property of complex communicating systems. Following the early
proposal made by Zipf concerning the presence of a tension between the efforts
of speaker and hearer in a communication system, we introduce evolution by
means of a variational approach to the problem based on Kullback's Minimum
Discrimination of Information Principle. Therefore, using a formalism fully
embedded in the framework of information theory, we demonstrate that Zipf's law
is the only expected outcome of an evolving, communicative system under a
rigorous definition of the communicative tension described by Zipf.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Neutrino-nucleus reactions on ^{12}C and ^{16}O
Exclusive and inclusive cross-sections and
-capture rates are calculated for ^{12}C and ^{16}O using the consistent
random phase approximation (RPA) and pairing model. After a pairing correction
is introduced to the RPA results the flux-averaged theoretical cross-sections and -capture rates in C are
in good agreement with experiment. In particular when one takes into account
the experimental error bars, the recently measured range of values for the
cross-section is in agreement with the present theoretical
results. Predictions of and cross-sections in
^{16}O are also presented.Comment: 13 pages, Revte
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