La imagen de España en el mosaico cultural paneuropeo:retos y compromisos del Consejo de Europa en la cooperación intercultural.

ENGLISH:Since 1949, the Council of Europe is engaged to defend democracy and human rights in its member States. Today’s global economy – more than ever – leads the Council to focus its mediation role in the intercultural co-operation, to protect and preserve thelarge variety of languages and cultures that live within its territory. After the adoption of the Declaration on Cultural Diversity in 2000, Council of Europe cultural policies’, in which Spain is also actively involved, call the attention on the richness of the European cultural heritage. This heritage, thanks to new creative entrepreneurships, is becoming the real engine of the local economies.SPANISH:Desde 1949, el Consejo de Europa se compromete a defender la democracia y los derechos humanos de los Estados miembros. Hoy día, la nueva economía global, más que nunca lleva al Consejo a centrar su papel de mediador en la cooperación intercultural, para defender y conservar la variedad de lenguas y culturas que habitan su territorio. Tras la aprobación de la Declaración sobre la Diversidad Cultural en 2000, las políticas culturales del Consejo de Europa, en las que España participa activamente, hacen hincapié en la riqueza del patrimonio cultural. Gracias a nuevas y creativas formas decapacidad empresarial, este patrimonio se está convirtiendo en el verdadero motor de las economías locales

La perspectiva femenina en la obra Mujeres de ojos grandes, de Ángeles Mastretta / Women's perspective in Mujeres de ojos grandes, by Ángeles Mastretta

Mexican writer Ángeles Mastretta, with a spare style and irony, narrates the strategies used by a group of brave, modern, and rebellious Mexican women in order to achieve a space of freedom in their lives, in spite of living in the Mexican society of the first third of the 20th century dominated by masculine hegemony.RESUMEN: La escritora mexicana Ángeles Mastretta, con estilo eficaz e ironía, cuenta las estrategias empleadas por un grupo de mujeres mexicanas valientes y originales, rebeldes y modernas, que logran conquistar un espacio de libertad en sus vidas, a pesar de vivir en la sociedad mexicana del primer tercio del siglo XX, dominada por una hegemonía homocentrista

La perspectiva femenina en la obra Mujeres de ojos grandes, de Ángeles Mastretta

Mexican writer Ángeles Mastretta, with a spare style and irony, narrates the strategies used by a group of brave, modern, and rebellious Mexican women in order to achieve a space of freedom in their lives, in spite of living in the Mexican society of the first third of the 20th century dominated by masculine hegemony.La escritora mexicana Ángeles Mastretta, con estilo eficaz e ironía, cuenta las estrategias empleadas por un grupo de mujeres mexicanas valientes y originales, rebeldes y modernas, que logran conquistar un espacio de libertad en sus vidas, a pesar de vivir en la sociedad mexicana del primer tercio del siglo XX, dominada por una hegemonía homocentrista

REVIEW AND NEW DATA OF THE FOSSIL REMAINS FROM MONTE PEGLIA (LATE EARLY PLEISTOCENE, CENTRAL ITALY)

After more than sixty years since its discovery, the fossils from Monte Peglia (late early Biharian, Umbria) are reconsidered in their entirety. The small mammals of Monte Peglia upper and lower levels had been studied in the past, whereas the remains of large mammals of Monte Peglia lower level, stored in several Institutions of central Italy, are described here for the first time. The following taxa have been described: Hystrix refossa, Homotherium latidens, Panthera cf. P. gombaszoegensis, Felis cf. F. lunensis, Canis mosbachensis, Vulpes alopecoides, Meles meles, Pannonictis cf. P. nestii, Mustela palerminea, Ursus cf. U. etruscus; Macaca sylvanus florentinus, Equus altidens, Stephanorhinus cf. S. hundsheimensis, Sus sp., Capreolus sp., Axis eurygonos, Hemitragus cf. H. orientalis, Bison degiulii. Moreover, the list of small mammals of the lower level has been updated with the addition of three new small vertebrate taxa: Rana sp., Myotis sp. (large size), cf. Miniopterus sp. The study of the remains of large mammals of the lower layer indicate the survival of a number of taxa of latest Villafranchian age. If we accept the biochronological correlation of Monte Peglia with the Colle Curti local fauna, its age should be ~1.072 Ma. In this case, it is possible to pinpoint the accumulation of the lower level to the MIS 35/33, as the small mammals confirm the presence of a mixed environment with forested and open spaces and warm temperate climate. The accumulation of the upper level, characterized by taxa typical of open spaces and steppes and a cooler climate, probably occurred during MIS 34/32

Early primary tumor response in metastatic RCC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors-based combinations

Background: 25-30% of renal cell carcinoma presents with metastases (mRCC) at diagnosis. The activity of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-combinations on the primary tumor (PT) is debated. Patients andMethods: mRCC patients (pts) with PT who received first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab (N/I) or pembrolizumab plus axitinib (P/A) were included. We investigated the early primary tumor response (EPTR) at the first radiological assessment. Results: 73 pts were included. The median early reduction of the PT longest diameter was 12.4% with P/A versus 6.2% with N/I (p = 0.42). We evaluated if the type of EPTR could affect the metastases response. Among pts with PT stable disease (SD), 8.3% had metastatic disease progression (PD) with P/A and 34.8% with N/I. Early PT partial response (PR) was associated with no metastatic PD with both N/I and P/A. The 2 pts with PT PD had also metastatic PD to P/A. Of the 3 PT with PD to N/I, 1 had metastatic SD and 2 PD. In the overall population, of the 94.1% without PT progression (PR+SD), 47.5% had metastatic PR, 35.6% SD, 16.9% PD. Conclusions: ICIs-combinations achieved an early PT PR in about 10-20%, without any complete responses. Only a small percentage of PT had an early PD, mainly associated with metastatic PD. However, among those PT without an early progression, metastatic PR can be achieved in approximately 50% of cases

Safety of extended interval dosing immune checkpoint inhibitors:a multicenter cohort study

BACKGROUND: Real-life spectrum and survival implications of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated with extended interval dosing (ED) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are unknown. METHODS: Characteristics of 812 consecutive solid cancer patients who received at least 1 cycle of ED monotherapy (pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W or nivolumab 480 mg Q4W) after switching from canonical interval dosing (CD; pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W or nivolumab 240 mg Q2W) or treated upfront with ED were retrieved. The primary objective was to compare irAEs patterns within the same population (before and after switch to ED). irAEs spectrum in patients treated upfront with ED and association between irAEs and overall survival were also described. RESULTS: A total of 550 (68%) patients started ICIs with CD and switched to ED. During CD, 225 (41%) patients developed any grade and 17 (3%) G3 or G4 irAEs; after switching to ED, any grade and G3 or G4 irAEs were experienced by 155 (36%) and 20 (5%) patients. Switching to ED was associated with a lower probability of any grade irAEs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.99; P = .047), whereas no difference for G3 or G4 events was noted (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 0.81 to 2.94; P = .18). Among patients who started upfront with ED (n = 232, 32%), 107 (41%) developed any grade and 14 (5%) G3 or G4 irAEs during ED. Patients with irAEs during ED had improved overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.82; P = .004 after switching; aHR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.93; P = .025 upfront). CONCLUSIONS: Switching ICI treatment from CD and ED did not increase the incidence of irAEs and represents a safe option also outside clinical trials.</p

Long-Term Drug Survival and Effectiveness of Secukinumab in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: 42-Month Results from the SUPREME 2.0 Study

Purpose: SUPREME, a phase IIIb study conducted in Italy, demonstrated safety and high efficacy of secukinumab for up to 72 weeks in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis. SUPREME 2.0 study aimed to provide real-world data on the long-term drug survival and effectiveness of secukinumab beyond 72 weeks. Patients and Methods: SUPREME 2.0 is a retrospective observational chart review study conducted in patients previously enrolled in SUPREME study. After the end of the SUPREME study, eligible patients continued treatment as per clinical practice, and their effectiveness and drug survival data were retrieved from medical charts. Results: Of the 415 patients enrolled in the SUPREME study, 297 were included in SUPREME 2.0; of which, 210 (70.7%) continued secukinumab treatment throughout the 42-month observation period. Patients in the biologic-naïve cohort had higher drug survival than those in the biologic-experienced cohort (74.9% vs 61.7%), while HLA-Cw6–positive and HLA-Cw6–negative patients showed similar drug survival (69.3% and 71.9%). After 42 months, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 90 was achieved by 79.6% of patients overall; with a similar proportion of biologic-naïve and biologic-experienced patients achieving PASI90 (79.8% and 79.1%). The mean absolute PASI score reduced from 21.94 to 1.38 in the overall population, 21.90 to 1.24 in biologic-naïve and 22.03 to 1.77 in biologic-experienced patients after 42 months. The decrease in the absolute PASI score was comparable between HLACw6–positive and HLA–Cw6-negative patients. The baseline Dermatology Life Quality Index scores also decreased in the overall patients (10.5 to 2.32) and across all study sub-groups after 42 months. Safety was consistent with the known profile of secukinumab, with no new findings. Conclusion: In this real-world cohort study, secukinumab showed consistently high long-term drug survival and effectiveness with a favourable safety profile