The Relative Efficacy of Selected Drugs Upon the Physical Activities and the Attention Span of a Ten Year Old Brain-Damaged Child

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative efficacy of selected drugs in reducing the hyperactivity end increasing the attention span of a ten-year old child who had been medically diagnosed as having brain damage. The evaluation of the effects of three drugs, Chlordiazepoxide (librium), Fluphenasine Hydrochloride (Prolixin), Thioridazine (Mellaril), and a combination of Mellaril and Methylphenidate Hydrochloride (Ritalin), was made by a psychiatrist after consideration of (1) written observations of the child’s school activities during a two-hour period, (2) a tabulation of data based on the observations, (3) reports made by the parents and teacher of the child, and (k) interviews with the subject. This study is important, too, because the child Involved needs help toward living as normal a life as possible. The individual’s behavior drew the attention of her family, her teachers, and her associates. Because it was so abnormal, medical and psychological help were sought for her. The psychiatrist administering the drugs felt that a study would be beneficial. Inasmuch as little controlled experimentation has been done in this area, the study Is potentially significant. It might be indicative of future help for the individuals suffering from brain damage and those most directly concerned with helping them

A taxonomic revision of 'Hypenia' (Mart. ex Benth.) Harley (Labiatae)

A monograph is presented of Hypenia in the plant family Labiatae. Hypenia was formerly a genus but in this study it is treated as 23 species in six sections of the genus Eriope. 22 of the 23 species treated in this study occupy relatively restricted ranges in the savannas of the central Brazilian plateau and neighbouring parts of the Serra do Espinaco in eastern Brazil. The remaining species occurs in dry scrubland in north-eastern Brazil with a disjunction to savanna in northern Venezuela. The previous classification and taxonomic history of Hypenia are outlined followed by a discussion of morphology and cytology in the group. Observations were made on pollination biology of selected species. Cladistic investigations were conducted using morphological characters and the ITS region of the nuclear genome. The morphological and molecular analyses were then combined in a single analysis. The cladistic analyses indicated that Hypenia was a paraphyletic genus and that generic boundaries between Hypenia and Eriope needed to be reconsidered. The classification of Hypenia was revised in the context of the phylogeny generated by the combined analysis and with consideration given to the theory of classification with particular reference to recent literature on the subject. The largest number of species in Hypenia belonged to the 'macrantha complex', a group of red-flowered species endemic to central Brazil. Considerable revision of the species in this group was required. The 'macrantha complex' was recognised as Eriope section Hypenia with two subsections. One of the subsections was characterised by resupination of the corolla, a previously overlooked character. Five new species of Hypenia are presented in this account. Distribution maps of all the species described were followed by a discussion of biogeographic patterns in the group

Message from French Prison Camp: Help Now!

Political pamphlet with subtitle: An open letter to Secretary Cordell Hull and the Pan American Conference of Foreign Ministers. Addition signees: Walter B. Cannon; Dr. J. McKeen Cattell; Dr. Henry S. Coffin; Robert L. Hale; Dr. Robert S. Lynd; Helen Merrell Lynd; Charles M. McConn; Dr. Kirtley F. Mather; Clyde R. Miller; S.A. Mitchell; Dr. Roscoe Pulliam; Walter Rautenstrauch; Harlow Shapley; L.J. Stadler; Dr. Ordway Tead; Dr. Randall Thompson; Harold C. Urey; Carleton Washburne; Dr. Mary E. Woolley. 4 pages. Student Publications: The Campus Newspaper Collectio

Hubbardiastrobus cunninghamioides gen. et sp. nov., Evidence for a Lower Cretaceous Diversification of Cunninghamioid Cupressaceae

PREMISE OF RESEARCH. The occurrence of six ovulate cones and six leafy branching systems, two of which show attachment of the ovulate cone, reveals a new cunninghamioid fossil conifer from the Cretaceous Apple Bay locality of Vancouver Island, Canada. This anatomically preserved plant expands our understanding of basal Cupressaceae in the fossil record. METHODOLOGY. Specimens were studied from anatomical sections prepared by the classic cellulose acetate peel technique. PIVOTAL RESULTS. Vegetative shoots have helically arranged Cunninghamia-like leaves with a single vascular bundle and one to three resin canals. Ovulate cones consist of numerous helically arranged bract/scale complexes with a large bract and a small ovuliferous scale with three separate tips. There are three inverted seeds/ovules attached adaxially, immediately proximal to the free scale tips. CONCLUSIONS. This discovery reveals the presence of a new genus and species of basal Cupressaceae, Hubbardiastrobus cunninghamioides, in the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian; ∼136 Ma) of the Northern Hemisphere. These data expand the species richness of fossil Cupressaceae and further document the Cretaceous evolutionary radiation of subfamily Cunninghamioideae.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the University of Chicago Press and can be found at: http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/intejplanscie/about.html.Keywords: Ovulate/seed cones, Lower Cretaceous, Conifer, Fossil plants, Cunninghamioid Cupressacea

Efficient Quantum Photonic Phase Shift in a Low Q-Factor Regime

This work was funded by the Future Emerging Technologies (FET)-Open FP7-284743 [project Spin Photon Angular Momentum Transfer for Quantum Enabled Technologies (SPANGL4Q)] and the German Ministry of Education and research (BMBF) and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (EP/M024156/1, EP/N003381/1 and EP/M024458/1). J.J.H. was supported by the Bristol Quantum Engineering Centre for Doctoral Training, EPSRC grant EP/L015730/1. We acknowledge the GW4 network for funding of A.Y.Solid-state quantum emitters have long been recognised as the ideal platform to realize integrated quantum photonic technologies. We demonstrate that a self-assembled negatively charged quantum dot (QD) in a low Q-factor photonic micropillar is a suitable design for deterministic polarisation switching and spin-photon entanglement. We show this by measuring a shift in phase of an input single photon of at least 2π/3. As we explain in the text, this is strong experimental proof that input photons can interact with the emitter deterministically. A deterministic photon-emitter interaction is a viable and scalable means to achieve several vital functionalities such as single photon switches and entanglement gates. Our experimentally determined value is limited by mode mismatch between the input laser and the cavity, QD spectral fluctuations and spin relaxation. When on-resonance we estimate that up to ∼80% of the collected photons couple into the cavity mode and have interacted with the QD and undergone a phase shift of π.PostprintPeer reviewe

Getting It on Record: Issues and Strategies for Ethnographic Practice in Recording Studios

The recording studio has been somewhat neglected as a site for ethnographic fieldwork in the field of ethno-musicology and, moreover, the majority of published studies tend to overlook the specific concerns faced by the researcher within these contexts. Music recording studios can be places of creativity, artistry, and collaboration, but they often also involve challenging, intimidating, and fractious relations. Given that recording studios are, first and foremost, concerned with documenting musicians’ performances, we discuss the concerns of getting studio interactions “on record” in terms of access, social relations, and methods of data collection. This article reflects on some of the issues we faced when conducting our fieldwork within British music recording facilities and makes suggestions based on strategies that we employed to address these issues

Haemoglobin, anaemia, dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly, a systematic review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anaemia may increase risk of dementia or cognitive decline. There is also evidence that high haemoglobin levels increase risk of stroke, and consequently possible cognitive impairment. The elderly are more at risk of developing dementia and are also more likely to suffer from anaemia, although there is relatively little longitudinal literature addressing this association.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To evaluate the evidence for any relationship between incident cognitive decline or dementia in the elderly and anaemia or haemoglobin level, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of peer reviewed publications. Medline, Embase and PsychInfo were searched for English language publications between 1996 and 2006. Criteria for inclusion were longitudinal studies of subjects aged ≥65, with primary outcomes of incident dementia or cognitive decline. Other designs were excluded.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Three papers were identified and only two were able to be combined into a meta-analysis. The pooled hazard ratio for these two studies was 1.94 (95 percent confidence intervals of 1.32–2.87) showing a significantly increased risk of incident dementia with anaemia. It was not possible to investigate the effect of higher levels of haemoglobin.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Anaemia is one factor to bear in mind when evaluating risk of incident dementia. However, there are few data available and the studies were methodologically varied so a cautionary note needs to be sounded and our primary recommendation is that further robust research be carried out.</p

Lauraceous Flowers from the Eocene of Vancouver Island: Tinaflora beardiae gen. et sp nov (Lauraceae)

Premise of research. Twenty-one permineralized fossil flowers assignable to Lauraceae from the Eocene Appian Way locality on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, provide important anatomical and morphological data for interpreting evolutionary patterns in this diverse magnoliid family. Methodology. Consecutive anatomical sections were prepared using the cellulose acetate peel technique. Morphology and anatomy of the flowers were determined from anatomical sections, and three-dimensional reconstructions were rendered from serial sections using the software Amira. Pivotal results. Fossil flowers with oil bodies, trichomes, pollen, ovary anatomy, and other characters have allowed for the reconstruction of actinomorphic, pedicellate, and trimerous flowers with tepals in two whorls adnate to a shallow hypanthium. Nine fertile stamens occur in three whorls, the innermost of which bears paired glandular appendages, and a fourth whorl of sagittate staminodes surrounds the carpel. Anthers are tetrasporangiate. Stamens of the two outer whorls have median pollen sacs that are shorter than the two marginal pollen sacs. Third-whorl stamens have median pollen sacs that are longer than the marginal pollen sacs. Anthers of the first and second whorls are introrse, while the third-whorl anthers are extrorse. The fossil flowers have diagnostic characters of Lauraceae and are compared to flowers of extinct and extant taxa. Conclusions. The Eocene floral remains are assigned to Tinaflora beardiae gen. et sp. nov. We infer some aspects of floral biology based on different stages of development preserved among the fossils. The combination of well-preserved floral organs and in situ pollen is rare in the fossil record, allowing T. beardiae to expand the diversity of lauraceous floral morphology and provide further evidence for an Eocene radiation of the family in Laurasia.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by University of Chicago Press and can be found at: http://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/journals/journal/ijps.htmlKeywords: Lauraceae, Eocene, Neocinnamomum, flowers, fossilsKeywords: Lauraceae, Eocene, Neocinnamomum, flowers, fossil

Light-induced dynamic structural color by intracellular 3D photonic crystals in brown algae

A photosynthetic algal intracellular organelle containing a living opal responds dynamically to environmental illumination.</jats:p