In vivo dielectric properties of healthy and benign rat mammary tissues from 500 MHz to 18 GHz

This work investigates the in vivo dielectric properties of healthy and benign rat mammary tissues in an attempt to expand the dielectric property knowledge of animal models. The outcomes of this study can enable testing of microwave medical technologies on animal models and interpretation of tissue alteration-dependent in vivo dielectric properties of mammary tissues. Towards this end, in vivo dielectric properties of healthy rat mammary tissues and chemically induced benign rat mammary tumors including low-grade adenosis, sclerosing adenosis, and adenosis were collected with open-ended coaxial probes from 500 MHz to 18 GHz. The in vivo measurements revealed that the dielectric properties of benign rat mammary tumors are higher than the healthy rat mammary tissues by 9.3% to 35.5% and 19.6% to 48.7% for relative permittivity and conductivity, respectively. Furthermore, to our surprise, we found that the grade of the benign tissue affects the dielectric properties for this study. Finally, a comparison with ex vivo healthy human mammary tissue dielectric properties revealed that the healthy rat mammary tissues best replicate the dielectric properties of healthy medium density human samples

In vitro dielectric properties of rat skin tissue for microwave skin cancer detection

Dermal tissue characterization based on dielectric properties can be utilized as a non-invasive method for diagnosis of skin cancers. To enable such technology, there is a need to develop techniques that can rapidly and accurately collect the dielectric properties of the skin tissues. Therefore, the current measurement techniques and tools has to be optimized for skin cancer detection. To this end, this study presents dielectric property measurements with open-ended coaxial probes having small apertures customized for detection of skin cancer. Relative permittivity and conductivity of rat skin tissue is characterized with open-ended coaxial probes with outer diameters of 0.9mm and 0.5mm between 0.5GHz6GHz and the measurement results are compared with the traditional probes having diameter of 2.2mm. The results agree well with the reported literature data

Sütçü sığırlarda Q hummasının seropozitifliği ve eser elementler arasındaki i̇lişkinin araştırılması

Query fever (Q fever) which is caused by Coxiella burnetii is a continuing problem as a zoonotic disease in the world. In ruminants, infections are mostly asymptomatic however, abortions and stillbirths may occur during late pregnancy. Trace elements are important for the reproductive performance of ruminants and all have roles in immune function. However, serum trace element levels of Coxiella seropositive infertile and healthy dairy cows have not been investigated yet. The present was aimed to evaluate the trace element status of cattle associated with Coxiella burnetii. For this purpose, 200 dairy cattle with and without clinical problems (infertility, metritis and abortion) were compared. Q fever infection was confirmed with ELISA. Levels of trace elements of samples were analysed utilizing inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer. Serum levels of trace elements of the samples were expressed as μg/mL. In total, 20 of 200 sera were diagnosed to be positive by ELISA. Nine of 20 sera were positive from asymptomatic cattle. Seven of 11 sera were positive from cattle with infertility, while 4 of 11 sera were positive from cattle with abortion. No significant differences were found between trace element levels of ELISA seropositive cattle and asymptomatic seropositive cattle. In conclusion, although statistical analysis of serum trace elements is no significant, our findings clearly show that analysis of trace element levels in cattle may be useful predictors in early treatment and prognosis. Further studies are required to clarify the connection between Coxiella seropositivity, trace elements and clinical symptoms in cattle.Q humması, Coxiella burnetii tarafından oluşturulan ve tüm dünyada devam eden zoonoz bir hastalıktır. Ruminantlarda enfeksiyon genellikle asemptomatik seyretmekte, ancak gebeliğin geç döneminde abort ve ölü doğumlar görülebilmektedir. Eser elementler ruminantlarda üreme performansı ve immün fonksiyon üzerinde önemli rol oynar. Coxiella pozitif olan kısır ve sağlıklı süt ineklerinde serum eser element düzeyleri henüz araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; sığırlarda Coxiella burnetii ile ilişkili serum eser element düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla klinik olarak hasta olan (infertilite, metritis, abort) ve olmayan süt sığırları karşılaştırıldı. Q ateşi ELISA yöntemiyle teşhis edildi. Eser element seviyelerinin ölçümü, indüktif olarak eşleşmiş plazma-optik emisyon spektrofotometresi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Serum örneklerinden elde edilen sonuçlar μg/mL cinsinden belirtildi. Toplamda 200 örnekten 20 serum ELISA ile pozitif olarak saptandı. Asemptomatik sığırlardan elde edilen 20 serumun 9’u pozitif olarak tespit edildi. Abort yapan sığırlardan elde edilen 11 serumdan 4’ü pozitifken, infertilitesi olan sığırların7’si pozitif olarak belirlendi. ELISA seropozitif ve asemptomatik seropozitif sığırların serum eser element düzeyleri arasında önemli bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak; serum eser element seviyelerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark bulunmamasına rağmen çalışmamızda sığırlarda erken tedavi ve prognozun belirlenmesinde eser element analizlerinin kullanışlı bir yöntem olduğu görüldü. Sığırlarda Coxiella seropozitifliği, eser elementler ve klinik semptomlar arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz

Analysis of atherosclerosis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and scanning acoustic microscopy

Calcium deposition within the atherosclerotic plaques is the precursor of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, determination of levels of minerals and trace elements in blood plays an important role in assigning the stage of atherosclerosis. In this study, determination of mineral and trace element levels in atherosclerotic patients is aimed. Mineral and trace element levels within serum samples of 12 atherosclerotic patients were evaluated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and phosphorous (P), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) levels were examined. Human carotid atherosclerotic plaque samples were previously screened by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) and sound speed maps of the plaques showed higher sound speed values in the calcified regions, when compared to collagen-rich regions, indicating accumulation of calcium. Element analysis also showed increased Ca levels within serum samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that Ca deposition can be examined by ICP-OES and SAM, indicating that these techniques are confirmatory and may be combined to characterize atherosclerosis in the future.Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkınma Bakanlığ

Aile Hekimliğinde Akut Tonsillofarenjit Tanısında Antimikrobiyal Ajan Tercihi Kılavuzlar mı, Kişisel Tercihler mi?

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