Cytotoxicity of α-terpineol in HeLa cell line and its effects to apoptosis and cell cycle

α-Terpineol is a natural compound of terpenoid alcohols class. However, it can be synthesizedfrom α-pinene of turpentin content. α-Terpineol has been reported as potential anticancer agentdue to its activity on inhibition of cells growth and induction of tumor cell death. However, itsanticancer activity in HeLa cervical cancer cells line has never been studied, yet. The aim of thisstudy was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of α-terpineol and its effects to apoptosis and cell cycle.This was a quasi-experimental study with post-test only with non-equivalent control groupdesign. Cytotoxicity of á-terpineol was evaluated using MTT cell viability assay. The effect of α-terpineol on cell apoptotis was tested using acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining method,whereas its effect on cell cycle was evaluated by flowcytometry method. The results showedthat α-terpineol had cytotoxicity against HeLa cell with an IC50 value about 12.46 μg/mL.Furthermore, α-terpineol induced the HeLa with an IC50 value about 13.12 μg/mL. Cell accumulationat G1 phase during cell cycle after incubation with α-terpineol (52.78)was observed. In conclusion,α-terpineol is potential as an anticancer due to its ability to induce cell apoptosis and to inhibitthe cell cycle at G1 phase

Activity of -terpineol as a potential anticancer candidate: cytotoxicity, proapoptotic and antiproliferative evaluation in TD47 cell lines

Previous study has shown that -terpineol has a cytotoxic effect on NCI-H69 cancer cell line.This study aimed to evaluate cytotoxicity, proapoptotic, and antiproliferative activities of -terpineol in T47D cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of -terpineol was determined using MTT cellviability assay, while apoptosis was tested by the acridine orange-ethidium bromide stainingmethod. The cell cycle was evaluated by flowcytometry method. The results showed that -terpineol had cytotoxic effect on the T47D cells with the IC50 value of 135.00 ± 8.74 M.Furthermore, -terpineol induced the cells apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Flowcytometryanalysis showed that -terpineol induced the T47D cell distribution in Go/G1 phase, howeverinhibited cell distribution in S phase. This study suggests that -terpineol has a potential anticanceractivity

Efek Pemberian Panax ginseng Terhadap Kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) dan Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Darah Pada Latihan Fisik Aerobik Intensitas Sedang = The Effect of Panax ginseng Supplementation on Blood ...

Abstrak Strenuous and moderate intensity physical exercises may enhance oxygen uptake, leading to increase metabolism, which in turn may increase the production of free radical molecules. The rise of free radical molecules concentration which exceed the protective capacity of antioxidant defense systems may induces an oxidative stress. Ginseng is regarded as a natural ergo-genic aid and has been known as supplement to improve physical performance. Ginseng has been assumed to protect against exercise-induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of P. ginseng C. A. Meyer G115 supplementation on the level of blood MDA and SOD during moderate aerobic exercise. A pretest-posttest control group design was used in this experiment involved 18 healthy young adult. Subjects were randomly assigned to ginseng (n = 6) vitamin C (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) treatment group. Each participant received a standardized extract of P. ginseng C.A. Meyer G115 200 mg per day (ginseng group) or vitamin C 250 mg (vitamin C group) or placebo (placebo group) for 11 weeks. Subjects of the three groups participated in a three-day-per-week moderate intensity aerobic exercise program for eleven weeks. Before and after this eleven weeks program, fasting blood samples were obtained, and MDA and SOD as an index of oxidative stress were studied. Seventeen subject completed the study. One subject dropped-out because of sickness. There were no significant difference in MDA and SOD (p>0,05) between ginseng, vitamin C, and placebo treatment group. The results of this study indicated that extract P.ginseng C.A. Meyer G115 supplementation 200 mg per day for eleven weeks did not decrease blood MDA level and increase blood SOD lev el during moderate aerobic exercise. Keywords: Panax ginseng, MDA, SOD, exercis

Synergistic interaction between quercetin and doxorubicin on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line

The effectiveness of doxorubicin has decreased due to resistance of cancer cells. One of thenatural ingredients that are proven to reduce the resistance to anticancer is quercetin. Quercetininteracts with doxorubicin via a competition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter activity. Theaim of this study is to evaluate the interaction of quercetin and doxorubicin as cytotoxicityeffect on MCF-7 cells. Cytotoxicity test was conducted by the MTT method. Mechanism ofinteraction between doxorubicin and quercetin was evaluated with isobologram analysis.Doxorubicin and quercetin inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells significantly. Doxorubicin andquercetin respectively had IC50 of 21M and 103 M. The interaction of doxorubicin and quercetinwere characterized by the amount of doxorubicin IC50 equivalent and quercetin IC50 equivalentless than 1 and the point-intercept of each IC50 notation equivalent plotted on the graph belowthe additive line. Analysis of isobolograms indicated that the interaction doxorubisn and quercetinin each of the ratios had synergy. Quercetin can be considered to be in a combination wi

Pathogenesis, evaluation, and recent management of diabetic foot ulcer

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major health problem as the number of patients continues to increase, are difficult to heal, require enormous management costs, and deteriorate the quality of life of patients, their families and societies. The pathogenesis of DFUs is complex. Most important factors that increase the risk of DFUs are peripheral neuropathy, foot deformities, frequent minor trauma, and peripheral arterial disease. Neuropeptides derangement, hypoxia, hyperglycemia, and infection act as the cause of chronicity of DFUs. Therefore, during the initial evaluation of DFU, patients need to be checked for their metabolic status, presence or absence of peripheral neuropathy, vascular insufficiency, foot deformities, and infection of the ulcer and its underlying bone. Then, DFUs are classified by the severity of vascular insufficiency, the depth of the wound, and the severity of the infection. This classification system helps clinicians to determine whether the patient needs to be hospitalized or amputated and helps to establish DFU management strategies. In the management of DFUs, adequate blood flow to the wound area should be achieved. Glycemic control and standard wound care should be encouraged. Standard wound care includes debridement, offloading, wound moisture balance with suitable dressing, edema control, and infection control. Education about preventive foot care should be taught to the patients and their families. As the pathogenesis and management of DFUs are complex, a multidisciplinary team consists of expert individuals in their respective fields should be involved

Efikasi Fraksi Etanolik Akar Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) sebagai Kemoterapi Kanker Kolon Berdasarkan Ekspresi Caspase-9

Kanker kolon merupakan salah satu kanker banyak dijumpai. Kanker kolon merupakan satu dari 10  kanker primer paling sering di Indonesia pada 1988, 1989, dan 1991. Berdasarkan perkembangan globalisasi di Indonesia diperkirakan insidensi dan prevalensi kanker kolon akan meningkat. Apigenin adalah bioflavonoid subkelas flavone yang memiliki potensi terapeutik yang besar, salah satunya adalah memacu apoptosis. Apigenin terdapat dalam tempuyung (Soncus arvensis L.) . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.)  untuk kemoterapi kanker kolon melalui ekspresi caspase-9 pada cell line kanker kolon WiDr. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara sampel tanaman dideterminasi. Akar tempuyung difraksinasi dan dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas, kemudian dilakukan uji imunohistokimia pada cell line kanker kolon WiDr dengan ditambahkan fraksi akar tempuyung ½ IC50, IC50, dan 2 IC50. Sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan media kultur dan kontrol positif digunakan fluorouracil dosis 46,56 µg/mL, kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa determinasi spesies sampel adalah Sonchus arvensis L. Hasil uji sitotoksisitas IC50 fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung adalah 2865,5 µg/mL. Pada penelitian ini tidak dilakukan uji imunohistokimia karena IC50 fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung terlalu besar (e”50 µg/mL). Disimpulkan bahwa fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.)  memiliki potensi yang rendah untuk kemoterapi kanker kolon berdasarkan ekspresi caspase-9 pada cell line kanker kolon WiD

Polymorphism of Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Gene and HOMA-β Level of Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Family History

Family history has considered as a risk factor of type 2 diabetes. Transcription factor-7 like 2 (TCF7L2) hasrole to regulates insulin secretion and blood glucose homeostasis. The aim of current study was to determine thers7903146 polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene and homeostatic model assessment-β (HOMA-β) level on individual withand without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) family history. This work is a case-control study. Thirty six subjectswith type 2 DM family history and 36 subjects without type 2 DM family history were recruited. HOMA-βmeasure to analyze the insulin secretion. Polymorphisms of TCF7L2 gene was analyzed by using PCR-RFLPmethod. Statistical analysis was performed by using T-test, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square with signifi cancelevel 0.05. The frequency of the T allele of the cases were 4.2% and the controls were 2.8% (p=0.500). The oddratio was 0.649 (CI;95%:0.106-4.055). The HOMA-β levels of the cases were signifi cant low (132.56±62.48)compared with the controls (266.09±1.68) with p=0.000. The subjects with type 2 DM family history have asimilar frequency of having T alleles and CT/TT genotypes. The subjects with type 2 DM family history hassignifi cantly lower HOMA-β levels than subject without DM family history

Ethanolic Extract of Nerium indicum Mill. Decreases Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expressions in Keloid Fibroblasts

BACKGROUND: Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative dermis tumor characterized by an increase in growth factors which induce fibroblast proliferation, excessive migration, and synthesis of collagen. Nerium indicum Mill. extract had been studied as a keloid therapy agent. 5α-oleandrin contained in N. indicum has antikeloid activity by inhibiting keloid fibroblast proliferation, fibroblast migration, collagen deposition, and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) synthesis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the effect of administration of N. indicum extract on TGF-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in keloid fibroblast. METHODS: This research was a quasi-experimental research with a post-test only control group design. The research subjects were fibroblast cells passage IV-VII isolated from patients’ keloid tissue with explant techniques. Treatment groups received N. indicum extract with a serial concentration of 2 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, and 0.5 μg/ml, and control group received medium only. The supernatant was obtained after 72 h incubation period. Examination of TGF-β1 and VEGF expressions was performed using ELISA procedure. RESULT: The expression of TGF-β1 in the treatment groups of the extract N. indicum (2 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, and 0.5 μg/ml) was significantly lower than a control group of keloid fibroblasts (p < 0.05), according to increased concentration. VEGF expression in the treatment groups of N. indicum extract was lower compared to the control group of keloid fibroblasts. A significant decrease in keloid fibroblast VEGF levels occurred at extract concentrations of 2 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: N. indicum extract could decrease TGF-β1 and VEGF expressions compared to control medium in keloid fibroblast cultures

Pengaruh Pemakaian Karbamid Peroksida 10% sebagai Pemutih pada Perokok terhadap Perubahan Gemma gustatoria dan Ketebalan Epitel Lidah (Kajian Histologis pada Rattus Norvegicus): The, Influence of Carbamide Peroxide10% as

Whitening tooth is used to treat discoloured teeth by strong oxidizing agent. The use of tooth whitening agent may cause a harmful effect i.e. causing tongue mucosa disorder that exposed by carsinogenic agent such as cigarette smoke. Gemma gustatoria are primary chemoreceptors for taste perception. They might undergo changes because of cigarette smoking and carbamide peroxide exposure which eventually lead to taste disorder. The research is aimed to determine the influence of carbamide peroxide10% as tooth whitener on smokers on the changes of gemma gustatoria and thickness of epitelial tongue. Twenty white rats were divided into 4 groups containing of 1 control group and 3 treatment groups. Group A was not treated at all, Group B was exposed by cigarette smoke, Group C was given carbamide peroxide 10%, Group D was exposed by cigarette smoke with carbamide peroxide 10%. Histological evaluation was done by Haematoxyline-Eosin staining and exposed by microscope and visopan to enumerate and measure the cell amount and diameter of gemma gustatoria as well as the thickness of epithelium. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there was a significant difference (

Detection of bcr-abl Fusion Gene Expression in Chronic Myelogenous

Leukemia is hematology malignancy caused by excess proliferation of hematopoetic or lymphoid cells. Leukemia cases in Indonesia were about 3,7 per 100.000 with mortality rate 83,6% and diagnosed based on FAB classification. The fact, WHO classification 2000, used worldwide based on cytogenesis and molecular biology profile, can define the clonal diseases more precisely and to choose the adequate therapy. CML case is about 15% of all adult leukemia cases and most of the cases are related with t(92) (q11q23) that result bcr-abl fusion gene. The aim of this report is to show the rare case of CML that has been examined for bcr-abl fusion gene. Blood sample was obtained from CML patients diagnosed by hospital doctors based on FAB classification. Mononuclear cell was separated by Ficoll-hypaque gradient centrifugation, then RNA was isolated by Trizol and converted to cDNA by RT reaction. Beta-actin gene was used as internal control and bcr-abl gene was amplified by nested PCR. We reported CML cases classified as atypical (case 1) and typical (case2) type based on FAB classification with post therapy for the second CML. At molecular level, bcr-abl fusion gene found at the second case with longer product than positive control. Keywords: Leukimia,CML, fusion gene ber-ab