Vortex-induced vibration of a wavy elliptic cylinder

This paper shows that three-dimensional separation lines on a wavy cylinder may be correlated by the lateral movement of the body responding to flow-induced excitations. Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a wavy elliptic cylinder is investigated by mean of experiments in a water channel in the range of Reynold number between 1,500 to 15,000. Results are compared with those for a plain circular cylinder of equivalent diameter with a combined mass–damping parameter of 0.018. Curves of displacement and frequency of vibration showed that the hydroelastic mechanism that drives the wavy cylinder into VIV is not different from that of a plain cylinder. Detailed decomposition of the fluid forces supports this conclusion. The reason for such similar behaviour is the correlation of the sinuous separation lines as the wavy cylinder starts to oscillate. Flow visualization reveals that the three-dimensional surface of the wavy cylinder affects the formation of vortices in the near wake, generating streamwise and cross-flow vorticity associated with the wavelength of the surface. However, once the cylinder is free to respond to VIV, moving in the cross-flow direction, coherent vortex filaments once more dominate the near wake

Instabilities and sensitivities in a flow over a rotationally flexible cylinder with a rigid splitter plate

This paper investigates the origin of flow-induced instabilities and their sensitivities in a flow over a rotationally flexible circular cylinder with a rigid splitter plate. A linear stability and sensitivity problem is formulated in the Eulerian frame by considering the geometric nonlinearity arising from the rotational motion of the cylinder which is not present in the stationary or purely translating stability methodology. This nonlinearity needs careful and consistent treatment in the linearised problem particularly when considering the Eulerian frame or reference adopted in this study and not so widely considered. Two types of instabilities arising from the fluid-structure interaction are found. The first type of the instabilities is the stationary symmetry-breaking mode, which was well reported in previous studies. This instability exhibits a strong correlation with the length of the recirculation zone. A detailed analysis of the instability mode and its sensitivity reveals the importance of the flow near the tip region of the plate for the generation and control of this instability mode. The second type is an oscillatory torsional flapping mode, which has not been well reported. This instability typically emerges when the length of the splitter plate is sufficiently long. Unlike the symmetry breaking mode, it is not so closely correlated with the length of the recirculation zone. The sensitivity analysis however also reveals the crucial role played by the flow near the tip region in this instability. Finally, it is found that many physical features of this instability are reminiscent of those of the flapping (or flutter instability) observed in a flow over a flexible plate or a flag, suggesting that these instabilities share the same physical origin

SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SACROCOCCYGEAL PILONIDAL SINUS WITH THE LIMBERG FLAP: REVIEW OF 81 CASES

Pilonidal sinus disease is a complex condition that causes both discomfort and embarassment to suffers. Direct cost through absence from work is high. Controversy still exists regarding the best surgical technique for its treatment in terms of minimizing disease recurrence and patient discomfort. Thus, we conducted this study to evaluate the results of rhomboid excision and Limberg flap reconstruction in the surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus disease. This prospective study included 81 patients who had pilonidal sinus and were treated by the rhomboid excision and Limberg flap. The mean follow-up was 18 months and all patients were satisfied with the procedure. There were lower complication rates, minimal discomfort, patients disharged in 2-3 days and only two recurrences. The Authors recommend the Limberg flap procedure for pilonidal sinus disease. It is effective, with short hospitalization, low recurrence rate and shorter time off work

Screening phytochimique de quelques plantes médicinales ivoiriennes utilisées en pays Krobou (Agboville, Côte-d’Ivoire)

Une étude ethnomédicinale réalisée chez les Krobou, une ethnie du Département d’Agboville (Côte-d’Ivoire), a montré que 27 tradithérapeutes utilisent 18 espèces de la flore ivoirienne, pour combattre différentes pathologies. Diverses parties de la plante (écorces de racine et de tige, feuilles, fruits, graines et tubercules) sont utilisées pour la préparation des recettes médicamenteuses. Ces recettes, monospécifiques en général, nécessitent divers modes de préparation (décoction, expression, infusion, macération, pétrissage, pilage, pulvérisation, ramollissement, torréfaction et trituration). On note divers modes d’administration des médicaments : ablution, application locale, badigeonnage, bain de vapeur, boisson, instillations buccales, nasales, vaginales et purges. Les tests tri phytochimiques réalisés sur 3 extraits (éthérique, méthanolique et aqueux) ont révélé que les différentes drogues renferment des stérols, polyterpènes, polyphénols, flavonoïdes, tanins catéchiques, alcaloïdes et des saponosides, qui leur confèrent les propriétés thérapeutiques diverses.An ethnomedicinal study carried out at Krobou, an ethnic group in the Department of Agboville (Côte-d’Ivoire) showed that 27 traditional doctors use 18 ivorian plants species to cure people to different pathologies. Various parts of the plant (barks of root and stem, sheets, fruits, seeds and tubers) are used to prepare the medicamentous receipts. These receipts which are generally monospecific, require different preparation modes (decoction, expression, infusion, soaking, kneading, pounding, crushing, softening, rousting and trituration). We note several administration modes of those medicines : washing, application on the skin, painting, steam bath, drinking, oral, nasal, vaginal instillations and purges. The tri phytochemical tests of three extracts (etheric, methanolic and aqueous) revealed that the different drugs contain sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and saponosideswhich give these medicines several healing properties.Keywords: Agboville, chemical Components, Côte-d’Ivoire, Ethnomedicine, Krobou, Phytochemistr

INTRABDOMINAL DESMOPLASTIC SMALL ROUND CELL TUMOR: CASE REPORT WITH LITERATURE REVIEW

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor arerrare aggressive neoplasm, with a very poor prognosis, observed in young adults with a male predominance, Their etiology is unknown and the diagnosis is based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics. Histological analysis shows typically clusters of round cells separated by abundant desmoplastic stroma. These tumors exhibit a multi-marker immunohistochemistry profile expressing the three embryonic lineages: epithelial, neural and mesenchymal. They are positive for desmin and cytokeratin and are characterized by a specific recurring translocation t (11:22) (q12-p13), which involves EWSR! WT1 gene. They are usually fatal despite an aggressive multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. Hereby we report the case of 39 yera old man who presented with an intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor. The diagnosis was made by radiological, histological and immunohistochemistry profile analyses of a CT scanguided biopsy. This articel includes a mini review of the literature

Spatial mapping and prediction of Plasmodium falciparum infection risk among school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire

BACKGROUND: In Côte d'Ivoire, malaria remains a major public health issue, and thus a priority to be tackled. The aim of this study was to identify spatially explicit indicators of Plasmodium falciparum infection among school-aged children and to undertake a model-based spatial prediction of P. falciparum infection risk using environmental predictors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, including parasitological examinations and interviews with more than 5,000 children from 93 schools across Côte d'Ivoire. A finger-prick blood sample was obtained from each child to determine Plasmodium species-specific infection and parasitaemia using Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films. Household socioeconomic status was assessed through asset ownership and household characteristics. Children were interviewed for preventive measures against malaria. Environmental data were gathered from satellite images and digitized maps. A Bayesian geostatistical stochastic search variable selection procedure was employed to identify factors related to P. falciparum infection risk. Bayesian geostatistical logistic regression models were used to map the spatial distribution of P. falciparum infection and to predict the infection prevalence at non-sampled locations via Bayesian kriging. RESULTS: Complete data sets were available from 5,322 children aged 5-16 years across Côte d'Ivoire. P. falciparum was the predominant species (94.5 %). The Bayesian geostatistical variable selection procedure identified land cover and socioeconomic status as important predictors for infection risk with P. falciparum. Model-based prediction identified high P. falciparum infection risk in the north, central-east, south-east, west and south-west of Côte d'Ivoire. Low-risk areas were found in the south-eastern area close to Abidjan and the south-central and west-central part of the country. CONCLUSIONS: The P. falciparum infection risk and related uncertainty estimates for school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire represent the most up-to-date malaria risk maps. These tools can be used for spatial targeting of malaria control interventions

Effets de scenarios de changements climatiques sur la cacaoculture en Cote d’Ivoire

L’influence des scenarios de changements climatiques a été analysée pour les régions Centre et Sud de production cacaoyère en Côte d’Ivoire. A partir des modèles RCP 4.5 et 8.5 de concentration des Gaz à Effets de Serre (GES), les paramètres température et pluviométrie ont été projetés sur les horizons 2021-2050 et 2041-2070 en comparaison à la période de référence 1980-2010. Les résultats ont montré qu’en dehors du nombre élevé de jours chauds qui pourrait provoquer la disparition de la cacaoculture dans les zones marginales de la région Centre, les indices climatiques se situent dans des conditions normales de production du cacaoyer dans les deux régions. Les risques liés aux maladies et ravageurs pourraient être similaires ou potentiellement réduits. En région Sud, les variations climatiques n’auraient aucun impact sur la cacaoculture. Comme stratégies de résilience, les programmes de sélection variétale devront mettre à la disposition des producteurs un matériel végétal tolérant à la sécheresse et aux maladies accompagnée de formations sur les bonnes pratiques agricoles dont l’agroforesterie. Toutefois, l’accès des producteurs à l’information météorologique devra être renforcé.  English title: Climate change effects in cocoa cultivation Abstract The influence of climate change scenarios was analyzed for the Center and South regions of cocoa farming in Côte d’Ivoire. From greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration models RCP 4.5 and 8.5, the parameters of temperature and rainfall were projected over the time in years 2021-2050 and 2041- 2070 compared to year 1980-2010 as reference period. The results showed that apart from the high number of hot days which could cause the disappearance of cocoa farming in marginal areas of the Center region, the climatic indices are normal within cocoa production conditions in both regions. Risks on cocoa pests and disease could be similar or potentially reduced. In the South region, climatic variations would have no impact on cocoa farming. As resilience adaptation strategies, tolerant germplasm to drought and pest and disease should be provided to farmers by cocoa research program with training package on good agricultural practices (GAP) including agroforestry. Therefore, theaccess to meteorological information has to be strengthened for smallholders cocoa farmers. Key words: Climate change scenarios, impact, cocoa farming, Côte d’Ivoire

Evaluation de la Qualite de Vie des Enfants et Adolescents Inclus dans Un Programme de Prise en Charge Tridimensionnelle de l’Exces Ponderal a Abidjan (Côte d’Ivore)

           Contexte et objectif : L’obésité affecte la qualité de vie des sujets concernés, et de façon particulière les plus jeunes qui font l’objet de moquerie. Ainsi, un programme de coaching tripartite : un aspect nutritionnel, un volet promotion de la pratique d’activité physique, et un volet accompagnement psychologique. La présente étude a donc été initiée avec pour objectif de mesurer l’impact de ce programme de coaching mis en place sur la qualité de vie des enfants et adolescents obèses qui en étaient les bénéficiaires. Méthode : Il s’est agi d’une étude de cohorte à deux mesures avant et après la mise en place du coaching. Celle-ci s’est déroulée avec un échantillon de 136 enfants et adolescents de 6 à 17 ans, soit sur une période de 18 mois, au Service de Nutrition de l’Institut National de Santé Publique d’Abidjan. La qualité de vie a été évaluée à l’aide du questionnaire PedsQL (the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) dans sa version 4 adapté pour les besoins de l’étude. Il était composé de la dimension physique et la santé psychosociale. Résultats : Les enquêtés étaient des deux sexes avec une prédominance féminine (58,8%) et étaient tous scolarisés. A la fin du programme de coaching en santé on note une amélioration de la dimension physique qui devient acceptable chez 71,8% des enfants et adolescents et une meilleure évolution de la dimension psychosociale et la qualité de vie d’acceptable à bonne.  Un lien significatif (p < 0,05) a été plus observé entre la santé psychosociale, le poids moyen et l’indice de masse corporelle des adolescents de 12 à 19 ans à l’issu de ce programme que chez les enfants.  Conclusion : Cette étude situe sur l’intérêt du programme de coaching en santé dans l’amélioration de la qualité de vie des personnes lors de la prise en charge de l’obésité infantile.   Context and objective : Obesity affects the quality of life of the subjects concerned, and in particular the youngest who are made fun of. Thus, a tripartite coaching program: a nutritional aspect, a component promoting the practice of physical activity, and a psychological support component. The present study was therefore initiated with the aim of measuring the impact of this coaching program set up on the quality of life of obese children and adolescents who were the beneficiaries. Method : This was a two-measure cohort study before and after the implementation of coaching. This took place with a sample of 136 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17, over a period of 18 months, at the Nutrition Service of the National Institute of Public Health in Abidjan. Quality of life was assessed using the PedsQL questionnaire (the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) in its version 4 adapted for the needs of the study. It was composed of the physical dimension and the psychosocial health. Results: The respondents were of both sexes with a female predominance (58.8%) and were all educated. At the end of the health coaching program, there is an improvement in the physical dimension which becomes acceptable in 71.8% of children and adolescents and a better evolution of the psychosocial dimension and the quality of life from acceptable to good. A significant link (p < 0.05) was observed between psychosocial health, average weight and body mass index in adolescents aged 12 to 19 at the end of this program than in children. Conclusion : This study situates the interest of the health coaching program in improving the quality of life of people during the management of childhood obesity