Peranan Hukum Adat dalam Menjaga Kelestarian Hutan Larangan Adat Kenegerian Rumbio Kecamatan Kampar Kabupaten Kampar

One example of common law in Indonesia is common law in Kenegerian Rumbio, Kampar District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Kenegerian Rumbio has banned indigenous forest still maintained continuity. The forest area is listed on the Forest department is approximately 530 ha. This is research used a snowball sampling technique, subjects were selected based on recommendations person to person according to research to be interviewed. Data collection methods used in this study were in-depth interviews, observation, and study documents. The data analysis was conducted in three phases. The first phase, researchers conducted an analysis that linked the answers intrasubjek subjects with theory and concepts related to the research. The second phase, conducted antarsubjek analysis comparing data from each subject. At this stage, researchers performed the interpretation of the data so as to achieve the purpose of research. The third phase, the data collected were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. Kenegerian Rumbio customary law has two forms of customary rules in the forest preserve customary prohibition, namely: the rules of the ban and the rules of thing is allowed. The rules of prohibition are: cutting down trees without permission from the ninik mamak, burn the forest, enable divert forest land, wildlife hunting, arrogant when entering the forest, and speaking dirty in the woods. While the form of the permitted rules are: take firewood (wood that is already dead), took the fruit has matured, and conduct scientific research. If there is a breach in the case, the perpetrator will be prosecuted according to the customary laws in Kenegerian Rumbio. The perpetrator will be given sanction in accordance with the agreement of the ninik mamak in the deliberations conducted in the customary hall

Teaching Speaking Through Total Immersion Program at The Ninth Grade of SMP Negeri 3 Panca Rijang

The aims of this article is to describe that total immersion program in teaching English can improve students speaking ability. This article is made from research result which used pre- test and post-test design. The population of the article is the ninth grade of SMP Negeri 3 Panca Rijang there are two classes. The writer applied random technique that took one of the two class and sample of this article was IX.2 class with 20 students. The instrument of this article was speaking test which would be administred in pre-test and post-test. The pre-test would be used to find the prior knowledge of speaking ability, while post-test would be used to find speaking ability achievement after treatment is given. The result of this article showed that total immersion program was effective to improve speaking ability at the ninth grade of SMP Negeri 3 Panca Rijang especially IX.2 class. It could be proved from their mean score in post-test (56.95) was higher than their mean score in pre-test (48.50), and the t-test value (10.934) was greater than t-table (a = 0.05; df= 9; t table = 2.262, this means that H1 was accepted

Learning to segment when experts disagree

Recent years have seen an increasing use of supervised learning methods for segmentation tasks. However, the predictive performance of these algorithms depend on the quality of labels, especially in medical image domain, where both the annotation cost and inter-observer variability are high. In a typical annotation collection process, different clinical experts provide their estimates of the “true” segmentation labels under the influence of their levels of expertise and biases. Treating these noisy labels blindly as the ground truth can adversely affect the performance of supervised segmentation models. In this work, we present a neural network architecture for jointly learning, from noisy observations alone, both the reliability of individual annotators and the true segmentation label distributions. The separation of the annotators’ characteristics and true segmentation label is achieved by encouraging the estimated annotators to be maximally unreliable while achieving high fidelity with the training data. Our method can also be viewed as a translation of STAPLE, an established label aggregation framework proposed in Warfield et al. [1] to the supervised learning paradigm. We demonstrate first on a generic segmentation task using MNIST data and then adapt for usage with MRI scans of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients for lesion labelling. Our method shows considerable improvement over the relevant baselines on both datasets in terms of segmentation accuracy and estimation of annotator reliability, particularly when only a single label is available per image. An open-source implementation of our approach can be found at https://github.com/UCLBrain/MSLS

EFEKTIVITAS LARANGAN PENGGUNAAN PUKAT HARIMAU BERDASARKAN UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 45 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 31 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PERIKANAN DI WILAYAH

ABSTRAK M. Rafly Paturungi Asman, (2024) : Efektivitas Larangan Penggunaan Pukat Harimau Berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 45 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2004 Tentang perikanan Di Wilayah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Adanya yang menggunakan pukat harimau dalam penangkapan ikan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, dapat merusak ekosistem perikanan. Pengunaan pukat harimau dilarang dalam Pasal 85 Undang Undang Nomor 45 tahun 2009 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2004. Pengguna alat tangkap ini dapat dipidana paling lama 5 tahun penjara dan denda paling banyak Rp.2.000.000.000,00.- (dua miliar rupiah). Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas larangan penggunaan pukat harimau berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 45 tahun 2009 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang nomor 31 tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan di wilayah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, dan juga faktor faktor yang menghambat efektivitas Undang Undang tersebut, dan peneitian ini bermanfaat agar dapat memperluas wawasan dalam bidang kajian hukum dan agar dapat juga mengetahui lebih jelas dan diharapkan sebagai bahan masukan dalam rangka sumbangan pemikiran mengenai efektivitas Undang Undang tentang perikanan dan penggunan pukat harimau. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum sosiologis, dengan Pendekatan efektivitas hukum. Sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini ialah purposive sampling. Analisis yang di gunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dan penarikan kesimpulan secara induktif. Larangan penggunaan pukat harimau berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 45 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perikanan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir masih belum efektif, dapat dilihat di lapangan bahwasanya masih banyak oknum nelayan yang menggunakan alat tangkap yang dapat merusak sumber daya perikanan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Faktor yang menghambat dalam merealisasikan efektivitas penggunaan pukat harimau Berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 45 Tahun 2009 di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir yaitu, pendidikan, kurangnya jumlah personal, adanya oknum penegak hukum yang tidak bertanggung jawab, ekonomi dan kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan, keterbatasan sarana. Kata kunci : Efektivitas, pukat harima

Removal of bisphenol A from aqueous media using a highly selective adsorbent of hybridization cyclodextrin with magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer

In this study, a unique magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) adsorbent towards bisphenol A (BPA) as a template molecule was developed by bulk polymerization using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a co-monomer with methacrylic acid (MAA) to form MMIP MAA–βCD as a new adsorbent. β-CD was hybridized with MAA to obtain water-compactible imprinting sites for the effective removal of BPA from aqueous samples. Benzoyl peroxide and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate were used as the initiator and cross-linker, respectively. The adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and X-ray diffraction. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to characterize the MAA–βCD and BPA–MAA–βCD complex. Several parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency of BPA such as adsorbent dosage, pH of sample solution, contact time, initial concentrations and temperature as well as selectivity and reusability study have been evaluated. MMIP MAA–βC

A Consistency Check of Concrete Compressive Strength using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient

The efficiency of the concrete ready mix service provider is undoubtedly and has become a widespread trend among contractors in which facilitates and eliminated a large budget surplus in maintenance, operating costs and is preferred as it reflects more efficient asset utilization. However, the quality assurance of concrete supplied is always raised associated with the inconsistencies of concrete compressive strength at the age of 28 days. The objective(s) of this study are to determine the correlations between the compressive strength of ready mix concrete, to evaluate the consistencies of the results and to identify the irregular sources that lead to the inconsistencies. Based on the compressive strength values obtained from the existing experimental data using different concrete mixes from the batching plant, a statistical analysis was conducted. A total of 90 concrete cubes specimens were attained from 15 concrete batches. A correlation analysis was conducted using the Pearson Correlation calculation to check the consistency of concrete compressive strength. The calculation showed the Pearson correlation coefficient of this study is +0.990. This indicated that there are significant linear relationship exists between the concrete compressive strength and the density of concrete batches which is positively high. In conclusion, the analysis reveals that the design of ready mix concrete compressive strength is in high consistencies and acceptable in practices for the proposed mix design to the contractor. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091672 Full Text: PD

Search for associated Higgs boson production using like charge dilepton events in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV

We present a search for associated Higgs boson production in the process p (p) over bar -> W/ZH -> l(+/-)l'(+/-) + X in ee, e mu, and mu mu final states. The search is based on data collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at root s = 1.96 TeV corresponding to 5.3 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. We require two isolated leptons (electrons or muons) with the same electric charge and additional kinematic requirements. No significant excess above background is observed, and we set 95% C. L. observed (expected) upper limits on ratio of the production cross section to the standard model prediction of 6.4 (7.3) for a Higgs boson mass of 165 GeV and 13.5 (19.8) for a mass of 115 GeV

Impacts of Dietary Lysine and Crude Protein on Performance, Hepatic and Renal Functions, Biochemical Parameters, and Histomorphology of Small Intestine, Liver, and Kidney in Broiler Chickens

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of increasing dietary lysine (Lys) levels with an adequate dietary crude protein (CP) content, as well as the effects of a reduction in dietary CP content with the recommended amino acid (AAs) level, on the performance, blood biochemical parameters, and histomorphology of the duodenum, liver, and kidney in broiler chickens. A total of 500 broiler chickens were randomly distributed into five dietary treatment groups, following a completely randomized design, where, at the beginning, the control group (C) was fed a diet containing the standard CP and Lys levels: 23% CP with 1.44% Lys during the starter period; 21.5% CP with 1.29% Lys during the growing period; and 19.5% CP with 1.16% Lys during the finishing period. The Lys content was increased by 10% above the recommended control basal requirements in the second group (Gr1) and by 20% in the third group (Gr2), while using the same recommended CP percentage as the C group. The fourth group (Gr3) had a 1% lower CP content and the fifth group had a 2% lower CP content than the C group, with the same recommended AA level as the C group. Increasing the Lys content in the Gr1 group improved the broilers’ weight gains (p \u3c 0.05) during the starter, growing, and finishing periods. Decreasing dietary CP with the standard AA levels (Gr3 and Gr4) did not significantly affect (p \u3e 0.05) the live weight gain, feed intake, or feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the broilers compared with those fed with the C diet. Blood total bilirubin, direct and indirect bilirubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very LDL were not different among the experimental groups. However, blood aspartate aminotransferase levels were increased (p \u3c 0.05) in the Gr1 and Gr3 groups compared with the other treatment groups. All dietary treatments decreased the serum creatinine levels (p \u3c 0.05) compared with the C group. The Gr2 broilers had greater serum total protein and globulin (p \u3c 0.05) than those receiving the other treatments. Increasing dietary Lys levels resulted in a significant improvement in duodenum villus height and width (p \u3c 0.05), while the low-CP diets resulted in shorter villi length and width, along with degenerated areas and lymphocytic infiltration. Low dietary CP content induced hepatocyte disorganization and moderate degeneration, along with vacuolated hepatic cells, excessive connective tissue, and lymphocytic infiltration. The cortical regions of the kidney exhibited obvious alterations in the Gr3 and Gr4 groups and large interstitial spaces were found between tubules. Renal tubules in the Gr3 and Gr4 groups were smaller in size and some of these tubules were atrophied. In conclusion, reducing dietary CP levels to 1% or 2% lower than the recommended level did not negatively affect growth performance, inducing minimal influence on the blood metabolic indicators of health status, and resulting in moderate alterations to the histomorphology of the duodenum, liver, and kidney. Furthermore, increasing the Lys content by 10% above the recommended level improved the growth performance, health status, and histomorphology of the duodenum, liver, and kidney in broiler chickens

Budget line items for immunization in 33 African countries

When seeking to ensure financial sustainability of a health programme, existence of a line item in the Ministry of Health (MOH) budget is often seen as an essential, first step. We used immunization as a reference point for cross-country comparison of budgeting methods in Sub-Saharan African countries. Study objectives were to (1) verify the number and types of budget line items for immunization services, (2) compare budget execution with budgeted amounts and (3) compare values with annual immunization expenditures reported to WHO and UNICEF. MOH budgets for 2016 and/or 2017 were obtained from 33 countries. Despite repeated attempts, budgets could not be retrieved from five countries (Chad, Eritrea, Guinea Bissau, Somalia and South Sudan), and we were only able to gather budget execution from eight countries. The number of immunization line items ranged between 0 and 42, with a median of eight. Immunization donor funding was included in 10 budgets. Differences between budgeted amounts and expenditures reported to WHO and UNICEF were greater than 50% in 66% of countries. Immunization budgets per child in the birth cohort ranged from US$1.37 (Democratic Republic of Congo) to US$67.51 (Central African Republic), with an average of US$10.05. Out of the total Government health budget, immunization comprised between 0.04% (Madagascar) and 5.67% (Benin), with an average of 1.98% across the countries, when excluding on-budget donor funds. It was challenging to obtain MOH budgets in many countries and it was largely impossible to access budget execution reports, preventing us from assessing budget credibility. Large differences between budgets and expenditures reported to WHO and UNICEF are likely due to inconsistent interpretations of reporting requirements, diverse approaches to reporting donor funds, challenges in extracting the relevant information from public financial management systems and broader issues of public financial management capacity in MOH staff

Study of Zγ events and limits on anomalous ZZγ and Zγγ couplings in pp̄ collisions at s=1.96TeV

We present a measurement of the Zγ production cross section and limits on anomalous ZZγ and Zγγ couplings for form-factor scales of Λ=750 and 1000 GeV. The measurement is based on 138 (152) candidates in the eeγ (μμγ) final state using 320(290)pb-1 of pp̄ collisions at s=1.96TeV. The 95% C.L. limits on real and imaginary parts of individual anomalous couplings are |h10,30Z|<0.23, |h20,40Z|<0.020, |h10,30γ|<0.23, and |h20,40γ|<0.019 for Λ=1000GeV. © 2005 The American Physical Society