Art and science-success alternatives within the curriculum for the special child

The purpose of this study is to focus on bridging the \u27gap\u27 between expressive education and the scientific learning process

Integrative Learning From The Student Perspective: A Case Study

This paper considers the educational concept of integration as it applies to curriculum design and implementation and to the relationship between curriculum integration and integrative experiences of student participants. Three assumptions underlie the study: (a) Integration is a goal of a program called Integrated Studies, (b) the meaning of integration must be defined within the context of a program, and (c) integration in Teaching & Learning is more than a structure designed by a faculty. The Integrated Studies Program at the University of North Dakota, by its own description, seeks to provide a more coherent learning experience for students within the context of a complex, integrated curriculum and, as such, provides an opportunity for studying many aspects of integration. This qualitative study seeks first, to provide an understanding of integrative learning experiences from the perspective of eight first- year university students as they participated in the Integrated Studies Program and second, to provide a detailed description of the integrated curriculum. The Program’s integrated curriculum, as an alternative to a more traditional general education curriculum, provides opportunities for students to actively construct relationships among content, skills, and the social context of the Program. These opportunities are supported by a faculty who plan and teach as a team, by enrollment of 80-100 students as a cohort for at least one semester, and by cooperative smallgroup activities such as book . eminars, writing groups, and research groups which use a common set of materials selected by faculty to focus on the semester’s theme.Educational theories derived from process philosophy and the communications concept of reframing are discussed in terms of their contributions to understanding integration, integrated curriculum, and integrative learning experience

Silvicultural practices for wild pear

The research objective is to construct a model for crown radius (CR) based on DBH and significant quantifiers for wild pear (Pyrus pyraster), using regression analyses, to develop guidelines for silvicultural practices for wild pear. To establish the model empirical data of a wild pear population in Western Germany was collected. Site measurements include prevailing vegetation, soil characteristics, location and neighbouring trees. Tree measurements include DBH, height, crown radius and quality characteristics: living branches, forking, bending and spiral grain. 52 trees have been measured of which 41 have been used for modelling purposes. Selection criteria for the model are residual plots and coefficient of determination (R²). In order to find a linear relationship, (semi-) logarithmic transformations of the dependent and independent variables have taken place. A backward variable elimination from a full model was used to find significant predictors. The logarithmic model is selected best as residual plots show a homoscedastic distribution and follow a normal distribution around the zero-line. The R² of 0.6101 gives an indication of a significant relationship. The final relation can be formulated as:CR=e^(0.61388∗ln(DBH)−0.75029), where CR in m and DBH in cm. No other independent variables than DBH have been significant. From the derived model, tree spacing and number of stems per ha can be calculated at any DBH. Based on collected data and the model silvicultural guidelines for a pure and two mixed wild pear stands including planting density and layout, pruning, thinning and regeneration cutting are established

Optical and minority carrier confinement in lead selenide homojunction lasers.

Thesis. 1975. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.Vita.Includes bibliographical references.Ph.D

LEC GaAs for integrated circuit applications

Recent developments in liquid encapsulated Czochralski techniques for the growth of semiinsulating GaAs for integrated circuit applications have resulted in significant improvements in the quality and quantity of GaAs material suitable for device processing. The emergence of high performance GaAs integrated circuit technologies has accelerated the demand for high quality, large diameter semiinsulating GaAs substrates. The new device technologies, including digital integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits and charge coupled devices have largely adopted direct ion implantation for the formation of doped layers. Ion implantation lends itself to good uniformity and reproducibility, high yield and low cost; however, this technique also places stringent demands on the quality of the semiinsulating GaAs substrates. Although significant progress was made in developing a viable planar ion implantation technology, the variability and poor quality of GaAs substrates have hindered progress in process development

Severe underreporting of energy intake in normal weight subjects: use of an appropriate standard and relation to restrained eating

Abstract Objective: To assess the influence of different standards and restrained eating on underreporting in healthy, non-obese, weight-stable young subjects. Design and subjects: Eighty-three young adults (20-38 years, 55 women, 28 men) were assessed under weight-stable conditions with a 7-day dietary record and the three-factor eating questionnaire by Stunkard and Messick. Resting energy expenditure (REE; indirect calorimetry) plus data derived from physical activity records (PA) (Standard 1) or REE times an activity factor (AF) (Standard 2) was used as standard for total energy expenditure (TEE). For comparison, doubly labelled water (DLW) was used to measure TEE in a subgroup of subjects. Results: There was an association between self-reported energy intake and Standard 2 (r = 0.72) but not with Standard 1. When compared with DLW both calculated standards were inaccurate, but Standard 2 avoided high levels of overreporting. Using Standard 2 to identify ‘severe' underreporting (SU; as defined by a deviation of energy intake (EI) and TEE of >20%), SU was seen in 37% of all subjects. It was more frequently found in women than in men (49% of women, 14.3% of men, P < 0.05). Underreporting subjects had a reduced EI (P < 0.01) but there were no significant differences in nutritional status (body weight and height, body mass index, fat mass and fat-free mass), energy expenditure and the proportion of energy from macronutrients between normal and underreporting subjects. However, high restraint was associated with a higher degree of underreporting in the total group, whereas disinhibition had an influence only in men. Conclusions: A high prevalence of SU is seen in non-obese subjects. Characteristics of eating behaviour (restraint and disinhibition) were associated with underreporting but seemed to have a different influence in men and wome

A 0.8V, 7μA, rail-to-rail input/output, constant Gm operational amplifier in standard digital 0.18μm CMOS

A two-stage amplifier, operational at 0.8V and drawing 7/spl mu/A, has been integrated in a standard digital 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS process. Rail-to-rail operations at the input are enabled by complementary transistor pairs with g/sub m/ control. The efficient rail-to-rail output stage is biased in class AB. The measured DC gain of the amplifier is 75dB, and the unity-gain frequency is 870kHz with a 12pF, 100k/spl Omega/load. Both input and output stage transistors are biased in weak inversion

Species co-occurrence and management intensity modulate habitat preferences of forest birds

Background Species co-occurrences can have profound effects on the habitat use of species, and therefore habitat structure alone cannot fully explain observed abundances. To account for this aspect of community organization, we developed multi-species abundance models, incorporating the local effect of co-occurring and potentially associated species, alongside with environmental predictors, linked mainly to forest management intensity. We coupled it with a landscape-scale analysis to further examine the role of management intensity in modifying the habitat preferences in connection with the landscape context. Using empirical data from the Black Forest in southern Germany, we focused on the forest bird assemblage and in particular on the cavity-nesting and canopy-foraging guilds. We included in the analysis species that co-occur and for which evidence suggests association is likely. Results Our findings show that the local effect of species associations can mitigate the effects of management intensity on forest birds. We also found that bird species express wider habitat preferences in forests under higher management intensity, depending on the landscape context. Conclusions We suspect that species associations may facilitate the utilization of a broader range of environmental conditions under intensive forest management, which benefits some species over others. Networks of associations may be a relevant factor in the effectiveness of conservation-oriented forest management