Risk of acute and serious liver injury associated to nimesulide and other NSAIDs: data from drug-induced liver injury case-control study in Italy

Aim: Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most serious adverse drug reactions and the most frequent reason for restriction of indications or withdrawal of drugs. Some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were withdrawn from the market because of serious hepatotoxicity. We estimated the risk of acute and serious liver injury associated with the use of nimesulide and other NSAIDs, with a prevalence of use greater than or equal to 5%. Methods: This is a multicentre case–control study carried out in nine Italian hospitals from October 2010 to January 2014. Cases were adults, with a diagnosis of acute liver injury. Controls presented acute clinical disorders not related to chronic conditions, not involving the liver. Adjusted odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated initially with a bivariate and then multivariate analysis. Results: We included 179 cases matched to 1770 controls. Adjusted OR for acute serious liver injury associated with all NSAIDs was 1.69, 95% CI 1.21–2.37. Thirty cases were exposed to nimesulide (adjusted OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.28–3.47); the risk increased according to the length of exposure (OR > 30 days: 12.55, 95% CI 1.73–90.88) and to higher doses (OR 10.69, 95% CI 4.02–28.44). Risk of hepatotoxicity was increased also for ibuprofen, used both at recommended dosages (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.13–3.26) and at higher doses (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.11–12.46) and for ketoprofen ≥ 150 mg (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.33–10.00). Conclusion: Among all NSAIDs, nimesulide is associated with the higher risk, ibuprofen and high doses of ketoprofen are also associated with a modestly increased risk of hepatotoxicity

Low energy radioactive ion beams at SPES for nuclear physics and medical applications

Over the past decades many accelerator facilities have been built in order to produce radioactive nuclei. Among the falcility under construction, SPES (Selective Production of Exotic Species) is the Italian ISOL (Isotope Separation On Line) facility in the installation phase in these years in the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. The innovative aspect of this facility is that the radioactive beam produced by fission induced by the proton beam, produced by a high power cyclotron, interact with a multi-disks uranium carbide target. The formed RIB will be sent directly to the low energy experimental area and, afterwards, to the post-acceleration complex. Currently the installation program concerning the SPES RIB source provides the set-up of the apparatus around the production bunker. The main objective of SPES project is to provide, in the next years, the first low-energy radioactive beams for beta decay experiments using the b-DS (beta Decay Station) set-up and for radiopharmaceutical applications by means of the IRIS (ISOLPHARM Radioactive Implantation Station) apparatus. In this work, all the specific issues related to the SPES RIB and the Low Energy beam lines will be reported. The main RIB systems, such as ion source systems, target-handling devices and the installation of low energy transport line, will be presented in detail

Nervous System and psychiatric disorders with ketamine (ab)use: an analysis of the WHO global individual case reports database (VigiBase)

Ketamine is an anaesthetic drug with dissociative, analgesic and psychedelic properties. The dissociative experience is pleasurable to some and has led to ketamine gaining in popularity as a recreational drug. Like all medicines, ketamine may have adverse drug reactions (ADRs). These can be spontaneously reported and then collected in an international database. The aim of study is to analyze reports in WHO Global Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) database (VigiBase)to understand in which cases ketamine was non-medical used and was abused

Quelle due o tre tazze di t\ue8 verde: caso clinico.

Una signora si reca in Pronto soccorso per dolore epi-mesogastrico associato a nausea di cui soffre da qualche mese. Si riscontra un incremento delle ALT e un lieve aumento della bilirubina totale. La donna nega l\u2019assunzione recente e/o continua di farmaci, ma dichiara l\u2019assunzione quotidiana di due o tre tazze di infusi di t\ue8 verde. Gli esami sierologici risultano negativi e l\u2019analisi istologica documenta un danno \u201ctossico\u201d da farmaci. Alla sospensione dell\u2019assunzione del t\ue8 verde, i parametrici epatici rientrano

Laser photo-ionization study of nat Ag using opto-galvanic signal at SPES offline laser lab

Resonant Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) is one of themost advancing techniques for the production of radioactive ion beams (RIBs) in ISOL facilities. SPES project at INFN-LNL is a second generation ISOL facility which aims to produce several isotopes in a couple of years. Within the framework of this project, resonant photo-ionization schemes of several elements are studied in the offline laser lab, to be later implemented in the SPES Laser Ion Source. Silver is one of the elements being studied for the stated purpose. In this article, we report a resonant photo-ionization scheme of silver testedwith a hollowcathode lamp (HCL). Evidence of high lying Rydberg states around 60945.32 cm−1 has also been observed by studying the fast opto-galvanic signal detected

Risk of febrile seizures associated with the Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Combination Vaccine (MMRV): data from spontaneous

In previous studies, associations between Measles-Mumps-Rubella Combination Vaccine (MMR) and increased risk for febrile seizures 1 to 2 weeks after vaccination were observed. Aim of this study is it analyze the data on febrile seizures by MMR, MMRV and varicella (VAR) in the Italian spontaneous reporting database. Cases has been defined as reports with the WHO-ART terms \u201cFever convulsions\u201d or \u201cFebrile seizures\u201d or reports including both any term related to seizures (eg \u201cConvulsions\u201d or \u201cconvulsions neonatal\u201d) and any term related to fever (eg fever neonatal or hyperpyrexia). Our results are in line with other published studies suggesting an increased risk of febrile seizures for the combined MMRV compared to a separate administration of MMR and VAR. However due to the limitations of spontaneous reporting further studies are needed to confirm this signal

Profilo di sicurezza dose-dipendente della ketamina: analisi del database dell'OMS.

La ketamina \ue8 un farmaco anestetico il cui uso ricreazionale \ue8 aumentato nel corso degli anni. Recenti ricerche hanno inoltre dimostrato che la singola somministrazione di ketamina a dosaggio sub-anestetico induce un rapido effetto antidepressivo. Lo scopo dello studio \ue8 stato quello di caratterizzare il profilo di sicurezza dose-dipendente della ketamina soprattutto relativamente al suo utilizzo a basso dosaggio in modo da avere un riferimento per i futuri farmaci ketamina-like