A Compact Dual Band E-Shape Microstrip Antenna For Wireless Application

No Abstrac

Giant non-volatile electric field control of proximity induced magnetism in the spin-orbit semimetal SrIrO3

With its potential for drastically reduced operation power of information processing devices, electric field control of magnetism has generated huge research interest. Recently, novel perspectives offered by the inherently large spin-orbit coupling of 5d transition metals have emerged. Here, we demonstrate non-volatile electrical control of the proximity induced magnetism in SrIrO3 based back-gated heterostructures. We report up to a 700 % variation of the anomalous Hall conductivity {\sigma}_AHE and Hall angle {\theta}_AHE as function of the applied gate voltage Vg. In contrast, the Curie temperature TC = 100K and magnetic anisotropy of the system remain essentially unaffected by Vg indicating a robust ferromagnetic state in SrIrO3 which strongly hints to gating-induced changes of the anomalous Berry curvature. The electric-field induced ferroelectric-like state of SrTiO3 enables non-volatile switching behavior of {\sigma}_AHE and {\theta}_AHE below 60 K. The large tunability of this system, opens new avenues towards efficient electric-field manipulation of magnetism.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Advanced Functional Material

Direct Observation of Strong Anomalous Hall Effect and Proximity-induced Ferromagnetic State in SrIrO₃

The 5d iridium-based transition metal oxides have gained broad interest because of their strong spin-orbit coupling which favors new or exotic quantum electronic states. On the other hand, they rarely exhibit more mainstream orders like ferromagnetism due to generally weak electron-electron correlation strength. Here, we show a proximity-induced ferromagnetic (FM) state with TC ≈ 100 K and strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy in a SrIrO3 (SIO) heterostructure via interfacial charge transfer by using a ferromagnetic insulator in contact with SIO. Electrical transport allows to selectively probe the FM state of the SIO layer and the direct observation of a strong, intrinsic and positive anomalous Hall effect (AHE). For T ≤ 20 K, the AHE displays unusually large coercive and saturation field, a fingerprint of a strong pseudospin-lattice coupling. A Hall angle, σxyAHE/σxx, larger by an order of magnitude than in typical 3d metals and a FM net moment of about 0.1 μB/Ir, is reported. This emphasizes how efficiently the nontrivial topological band properties of SIO can be manipulated by structural modifications and the exchange interaction with 3d TMOs

Genotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in released varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under partially reclaimed saline sodic soil

This research sought to determine the correlations between grain yield and its contributing traits and to measure the direct and indirect effects on grain yield in barley. Sixty four released varieties were grown under par-tially reclaimed saline- sodic soil, under irrigated conditions during rabi 2010-11. The grain yield per plant showed highly significant and positive correlation with 1000 grain weight (0.517), plant height (0.460), length of main spike (0.459), fertile tillers per plant (0.385), and grains per main spike (0.366). On the basis of relationship of grain yield with yield contributing traits, we can select the best genotype and can be utilised in breeding program

Genetic variability and divergence analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in released varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under partially reclaimed saline sodic soil

Genetic variability is the back bone of crop improvement programme, effectiveness of selection depends upon nature and magnitude of genetic variability present in the genetic material. The aim of the present study was that to identify the potential genotypes performing well under partially reclaimed saline- sodic soil (pH 8.6-8.9, EC = 4-4.2 dSm-1, ESP = > 15). Sixty four released varieties of barley collected from Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal were grown during rabi season 2010-11, showing wide spectrum of variation for various characters. The characters studied were yield and yield contributing traits; namely plant height, days to maturity, fertile tillers / plant, length of main spike, grains per main spike, 1000-grains weight, grain yield per plant. The data on 7 characters was utilized for estimation of mean, range and least significant differences. The varieties RD-2552(8.52), HBL-276(8.35), RD- 2592(8.17), PL-419(8.15), Kedar(8.11), PL-751(8.10), JB-58(8.06), K-508(7.96) produced higher grain yield per plant and showed high to very high mean performance for several other yield component also. These selected varieties can be used in breeding program and can be recommended direct cultivation under partially reclaimed salinesodic soil

Implementation of a Noise Filter for Grouping in Bibliographic Databases using Latent Semantic Indexing

Clustering algorithms can assist in scientific research by presenting themes related to some topics from which we can extract information more easily. However, it is common for many of these clusters to have documents that have no relevance to the topic of interest, thereby reducing the quality of the information. We can manage the reduced quality of information of clusters for a bibliographic database by dealing with noise in the semantic space that represents the relations between the grouped documents. In this work, we sustain the hypothesis of using the Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) technique as an efficient instrument to reduce noise and promote better group quality. Using a database of 90 scientific publications from different areas, we pre-processed the documents by LSI and grouped them using six clustering algorithms. The results were significantly improved compared to our initial results that did not use LSI-based pre-processing. From the perspective of individual performance of the algorithms demonstrating the best results, CMeans was the one that got the highest average gain, with approximately 25%, followed by K-Means and SKmeans, with 17% each; PAM, with 16.5%; and EM, with 15%. The conclusion is that Latent Semantic Indexing has proven to be a helpful tool for noise reduction. We recommend its use to improve the cluster quality of bibliographic databases significantly

A pharmacological evaluation of ethanol extract of alpinia calcarata rhizome for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties

Alpinia calcarata rhizome ethanolic extract was tested for anti-asthmatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Adaptogens normalize leukocytosis after milk consumption. Eosinophils are necessary for allergic illness development. The plant extract significantly reduced allergic asthma-related eosinophil cell count compared to the control group. Eosinophil count decreases cell recruitment and IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which affect cell count. Studies on milk-induced leukocytosis and eosinophils verified the plant extract's anti-asthmatic capabilities. In guinea pigs, goats, horses, dogs, and humans, histamine contracts trachea and bronchial muscles. Tracheas in guinea pigs test asthma drugs. The isolated guinea pig trachea contracts dose-dependently after H1 receptor stimulation. Alpinia calcarata reduced histamine-induced trachea constriction in solitary guinea pigs, proving its anti-asthmatic and H1 receptor antagonist capabilities. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging and reduction were used to test antioxidants. A hydrogen peroxide-scavenging Alpinia calcarata rhizome ethanol extract. Hydrogen peroxide scavenged less than ascorbic acid. Increasing Alpinia calcarata rhizome ethanolic extract dramatically lowered power. In vitro, ethanolic Alpinia calcarata rhizome extract stabilized rabbit red blood cell membranes and prevented protein denaturation. The ethanolic Alpinia calcarata rhizome extract was anti-asthmatic. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics aid the plant's anti-astatic effects. Most asthma medications are steroidal. The phytochemical study identified steroids and flavonoids. Chemical moieties may make the plant anti-asthmatic. The findings support the conventional and advise more anti-asthmatic active component study

SURVEILLANCE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA FROM ANIMAL SOURCES IN MATHURA REGION, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in animals. The study involves one hundred eighty-four GNB isolates from 214 samples (feces, milk, pus, and uterine discharge) from Buffalo (N=112), Cattle (N=50), and Dog (N=52). Healthy and diseased animals reported to Veterinary Clinical Complex were sampled. Carbapenemase production was evaluated by phenotypic methods and the presence of Metallo β-lactamase genes was assayed by PCR. We observed a 9.78% overall prevalence of CR-GNB in animal sources. CR-GNB was more frequently recovered from companion animals (19.23%) when compared to livestock (4.93%). IMP (44.4%), VIM (38.8%), and OXA-48 (16.66 %) were the main MBLs observed in the study

Strain‐Driven Bidirectional Spin Orientation Control in Epitaxial High Entropy Oxide Films

High entropy oxides (HEOs), based on the incorporation of multiple-principal cations into the crystal lattice, offer the possibility to explore previously inaccessible oxide compositions and unconventional properties. Here it is demonstrated that despite the chemical complexity of HEOs external stimuli, such as epitaxial strain, can selectively stabilize certain magneto-electronic states. Epitaxial (Co$_{0.2}$Cr$_{0.2}$Fe$_{0.2}$Mn$_{0.2}$Ni$_{0.2}$)$_{3}$O$_{4}$-HEO thin films are grown in three different strain states: tensile, compressive, and relaxed. A unique coexistence of rocksalt and spinel-HEO phases, which are fully coherent with no detectable chemical segregation, is revealed by transmission electron microscopy. This dual-phase coexistence appears as a universal phenomenon in (Co$_{0.2}$Cr$_{0.2}$Fe$_{0.2}$Mn$_{0.2}$Ni$_{0.2}$)$_{3}$O$_{4}$ epitaxial films. Prominent changes in the magnetic anisotropy and domain structure highlight the strain-induced bidirectional control of magnetic properties in HEOs. When the films are relaxed, their magnetization behavior is isotropic, similar to that of bulk materials. However, under tensile strain, the hardness of the out-of-plane (OOP) axis increases significantly. On the other hand, compressive straining results in an easy OOP magnetization and a maze-like magnetic domain structure, indicating the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Generally, this study emphasizes the adaptability of the high entropy design strategy, which, when combined with coherent strain engineering, opens additional prospects for fine-tuning properties in oxides

New genomic regions identified for resistance to spot blotch and terminal heat stress in an interspecific population of triticum aestivum and T. spelta

Wheat is one of the most widely grown and consumed food crops in the world. Spot blotch and terminal heat stress are the two significant constraints mainly in the Indo–Gangetic plains of South Asia. The study was undertaken using 185 recombinant lines (RILs) derived from the interspecific hybridization of ‘Triticum aestivum (HUW234) × T. spelta (H+26)’ to reveal genomic regions associated with tolerance to combined stress to spot blotch and terminal heat. Different physiological (NDVI, canopy temperature, leaf chlorophyll) and grain traits (TGW, grain size) were observed under stressed (spot blotch, terminal heat) and non-stressed environments. The mean maturity duration of RILs under combined stress was reduced by 12 days, whereas the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was 46.03%. Similarly, the grain size was depleted under combined stress by 32.23% and thousand kernel weight (TKW) by 27.56% due to spot blotch and terminal heat stress, respectively. The genetic analysis using 6734 SNP markers identified 37 significant loci for the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and NDVI. The genome-wide functional annotation of the SNP markers revealed gene functions such as plant chitinases, NB-ARC and NBS-LRR, and the peroxidase superfamily Cytochrome P450 have a positive role in the resistance through a hypersensitive response. Zinc finger domains, cysteine protease coding gene, F-box protein, ubiquitin, and associated proteins, play a substantial role in the combined stress of spot blotch and terminal heat in bread wheat, according to genomic domains ascribed to them. The study also highlights T. speltoides as a source of resistance to spot blotch and terminal heat tolerance