The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Mediastinite

A esternotomia mediana, que começou a ser utilizada no século 9, trouxe com ela o aparecimento de infecções na região do mediastino que, apesar da sua baixa incidência em estudos mais recentes, é de mortalidade elevada. As bactérias gram-positivas, particularmente o Staphylococus aureus ou o Staphylococus epidermides, são responsáveis por 70% a 80% dos casos. O diagnóstico de mediastinite é caracterizado pela associação da instabilidade do esterno com a presença de coleção purulenta retroesternal. O tratamento da mediastinite pode variar desde a terapêutica com antibióticos até a esternectomia com complexas técnicas de reconstrução plástica

Biotecnologia: estado da arte e aplicações na agropecuária

730 p., il. colorNeste livro, várias técnicas relacionada a biotecnologia são discutidas por vários especialistas da Embrapa Cerrados e instituições parceiras, sendo um material didático importante para dar uma idéia geral da área, incluindo aspectos conceituais, sua importância histórica e atual e também sua importância futura, considerando toda sua potencialidade e o que ainda vai ser descoberto

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications