Alfalfa Investigations

The purpose of these alfalfa investigations has been to determine the relation of variety, source of seed, and cultural practice to the yield and quality of hay produced. Due to the high initial cost of seeding, the inconvenience and wastefulness of losing a stand prematurely, and the superiority of properly-made hay, an understanding of these relationships is very important

Alfalfa Investigations

The purpose of these alfalfa investigations has been to determine the relation of variety, source of seed, and cultural practice to the yield and quality of hay produced. Due to the high initial cost of seeding, the inconvenience and wastefulness of losing a stand prematurely, and the superiority of properly-made hay, an understanding of these relationships is very important

Historical reconstruction of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation from the ECMWF operational ocean reanalysis

A reconstruction of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) for the period 1959–2006 has been derived from the ECMWF operational ocean reanalysis. The reconstruction shows a wide range of time-variability, including a downward trend. At 26N, both the MOC intensity and changes in its vertical structure are in good agreement with previous estimates based on trans-Atlantic surveys. At 50N, the MOC and strength of the subpolar gyre are correlated at interannual time scales, but show opposite secular trends. Heat transport variability is highly correlated with the MOC but shows a smaller trend due to the warming of the upper ocean, which partially compensates for the weakening of the circulation. Results from sensitivity experiments show that although the time-varying upper boundary forcing provides useful MOC information, the sequential assimilation of ocean data further improves the MOC estimation by increasing both the mean and the time variability

A Complex Chemical Potential: Signature of Decay in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

We explore the zero-temperature statics of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in which a Feshbach resonance creates a coupling to a second condensate component of quasi-bound molecules. Using a variational procedure to find the equation of state, the appearance of this binding is manifest in a collapsing ground state, where only the molecular condensate is present up to some critical density. Further, an excited state is seen to reproduce the usual low-density atomic condensate behavior in this system, but the molecular component is found to produce an underlying decay, quantified by the imaginary part of the chemical potential. Most importantly, the unique decay rate dependencies on density ($\sim \rho ^{3/2}$) and on scattering length ($\sim a^{5/2}$) can be measured in experimental tests of this theory.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Economic and Psychological Theories of Forecast Bias and Learning: Evidence from U.S. Business Managers' Forecasts

Economists and psychologists have each puzzled over the nature of decision making and the formation of expectations. Mainstream economists currently base their theory of expectation formation on the assumption of rationality Rationality implies unbiased forecasts and learning from past mistakes. Psychologists, however, see people as guided by processes other than the assumption of rationality. These processes often result in biased predictions and a failure to learn from past mistakes. This paper uses Conference Board data to examine the forecasts of business managers for evidence of bias and learning. Our analysis reveals systematically biased decision making by business executes in nearly every industry studied. The managers in the sample proved to be overly optimistic. In addition we find evidence of the learning that economists predict. However, this learning is of little consequence to the accuracy of managerial forecasts. These outcomes are analyzed using both the economics and cognitive psychology literature.Expectation; Forecast; Forecasts; Learning; Prediction; Rationality

Reliability and credibility of Progress Test Criteria, Developed by Alumni, Faculty, and Mixed Alumni-Faculty Judge Panels

Objective. To compare the reliability and credibility of Angoff-based, absolute criteria derived by faculty, alumni, and a combination of alumni and faculty judge panels. Methods. Independently, faculty, alumni, and mixed faculty-alumni judge panels developed pass/fail criteria for an 86-item test. Generalizability and decision studies were performed. Root mean square errors (RMSE) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for reliability and credibility assessment. School graduate performance upon the North American Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) was the comparator for credibility assessment. Results. RMSEs were 1.06%, 1.42%, and 2.32% for the alumni, faculty, and mixed judge panels respectively. The school\u27s NAPLEX pass rate was 97.5%. This rate triangulated well with the faculty judge panel (pass rate = 93.9%, CI95% = 87.1% - 98.2%), but did not with either mixed judge or alumni judge panels. Conclusions. Faculty-derived criteria offer superior pass/fail decision defensibility relative to both alumni derived and mixed faculty-alumni derived criteria

Tam, Tam, Tam, Tam, Tam

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/6776/thumbnail.jp

Combinatorial Proofs of Fermat\u27s, Lucas\u27s, and Wilson\u27s Theorems

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