A V-grooved AlGaAs/GaAs passivated PN junction

A passivated, V-grooved GaAs solar cell offers important advantages in terms of improved optical coupling, higher short circuit current, and increased tolerance to particle radiation when compared to the planar cell configuration. An AlGaAs epilayer has been deposited on a p-type GaAs epilayer grown on an n-type V-grooved GaAs surface using MOCVD. A wet chemical etching process was used to produce a V-pattern with a 7.0 micron periodicity. Reflectivity measurements substantiate the expected decrease in solar reflectance. Scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to confirm the presence of the AlGaAs layer and verify the existence of a pn junction

A V-grooved GaAs solar cell

V-grooved GaAs solar cells promise the benefits of improved optical coupling, higher short-circuit current, and increased tolerance to particle radiation compared to planar cells. A GaAs homojunction cell was fabricated by etching a V-groove pattern into an n epilayer (2.1 x 10 to the 17th power per cu cm) grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on an n+ substrate (2.8 x 10 to the 18th power per cu cm) and then depositing and MOCVD p epilayer (4.2 x 10 to the 18th power per cu cm). Reflectivity measurements on cells with and without an antireflective coating confirm the expected decrease in reluctance of the microgrooved cell compared to the planar structure. The short circuit current of the V-grooved solar cell was 13 percent higher than that of the planar control

Students’ Perceived Cultural Intelligence Outcomes based on their Participation in Undergraduate Courses that Embed Short-term International Travel: A Case Study

Cultural intelligence (CQ) refers to an individual’s capability to successfully adapt to new or unfamiliar cultural settings (Earley & Ang, 2003). The purpose of this study was to gain a holistic and comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of CQ within the context of higher education pedagogy. This study explored undergraduate students’ perceived outcomes of CQ based on their participation in full semester courses that embedded short-term international travel (SIT). The researcher conducted a qualitative, phenomenological case study that explored, in depth, the nuances of students’ shared lived experiences in SIT, and how these experiences intersected with students’ perceived CQ outcomes utilizing the conceptual framework of Deardorff’s (2006) Intercultural Competence Model and the theoretical framework of Kolb’s (1984) experiential learning theory. This study also explored students’ perceptions about the role that varied pedagogical elements of SIT played in their attainment of CQ. Nine (9) phenomenological themes emerged that reinforced and expanded prior research on CQ (Deardorff, 2006; Earley & Ang, 2003; Nolan & Kurthakoti, 2017). Findings from this study filled a gap in literature about CQ by utilizing qualitative research methodology to incorporate students’ perspectives and insights using their own words, feelings, and oral stories about their SIT experiences. Results illuminated the value of integrating CQ into higher education curricula to prepare students for the demands of the 21st century global environment (Williams, Green, & Diel, 2017). Recommendations for practice included the importance of incorporating varied pedagogical elements into SIT to successfully develop students’ CQ

Implementing a standardized nutrition protocol to enhance the nutritional health of pediatric oncology patients in the ambulatory care setting

It is estimated that 11,060 children in the United States, under the age of 15, will be diagnosed with cancer in 2019 (American Cancer Society, 2019). Malnutrition, a common consequence of the disease and its treatment, has shown to increase the risk of morbidity, mortality, early relapse, and a number of complications throughout cancer treatment

Pola Rescheduling Pada Pembiayaan Bermasalah Berakad Murabahah Di Bank Syariah

This study aims to examine further related to problem financing, especially in murabahah financing. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The results of this study are, the rescheduling process undertaken by Islamic banks is to extend the term of financing and installment, with customer’s critera: decreased ability to pay, has a good business prospect, able to fulfill obligations after rescheduling. Second, Islamic bank must apply the provisions of the Fatwa DSN MUI that should not add to the remaining amount of bills, charging the cost in the rescheduling process is the real cost, and the extension of time payer must based on the agreement of both parties. Third, in the case of problem financing in effect after rescheduling is done, then the action that can be performed by the Islamic bank is to convert the murabahah financing contract into the qardh financing agreement

A ação popular como instrumento de concretização da democracia participativa

O presente trabalho faz uma construção histórica da aplicabilidade da democracia, na idade antiga, idade clássica, moderna e contemporânea e enfocando precipuamente no atual estado contemporâneo do conceito da mesma, denominada de democracia participativa, ressaltando a importância da utilização dos instrumentos disponíveis pelo povo como meio de concretização dos direitos fundamentais. Mostra em linhas gerais os instrumentos de participação popular por meio da democracia semidireta: o referendo, o plebiscito e a iniciativa popular e traz como foco principal a discussão sobre a importância da utilização de um instrumento da democracia indireta: a ação popular, discorrendo sobre o seu objeto, sua legitimidade, atos passíveis de impugnação, bem como a importância política de sua utilização, demonstrando que a ação popular pode ser um importante mecanismo de fiscalização constante propiciado ao cidadão. Conclui com novas ideias para a potencialização do uso do instituto

Estate and Succession Planning for Small Business Owners

E.B. 2002-05Estate planning to many people consists of deciding how property should be distributed at death, but it also includes plans and techniques to build the estate during life. It involves decisions about the types of property to own, the form of ownership, and, for small business owners, the organization and operation of the business, including succession, or passing that business on to the next generation. This bulletin discusses the fundamentals of estate and succession planning to help families with small businesses assess their goals and consider the economic, legal, and tax implications of various plans. The bulletin is by no means an exhaustive source on estate or succession planning. Nor is it intended to substitute for legal or tax advice that should be obtained from your lawyer or accountant. More detailed publications are available elsewhere and trained professionals should be consulted as a plan is formulated. Estate and succession planning decisions involve complex questions of law, tax, and business planning. The only way to find the plan that is best for you is to work closely with your lawyer and other specialists who can advise you properly. Tax accountants, appraisers, life insurance agents, bank trust officers, and financial planners provide other important sources of information that you might consider in the planning process. Because you must make the final decision about the organization and disposition of your business, it is essential that you be well informed about the choices available so that you can make the best decision for you and your family

Farm Labor Regulations

E.B. 2002-10Farm employers must comply with a variety of state and federal laws and regulations. This publication contains information on the regulations of concern to New York farm employers and employees. It does not constitute a legal document; it is for general educational use. Requests for information on specific rulings or legal interpretations should be directed to the appropriate state or federal agencies or to an attorney. The information contained in this publication is accurate as of January 24, 2002. It is the employer’s responsibility to keep abreast of current changes in state and federal farm labor laws