Col·legis Rurals Agrupats (CRAs) País Valencià

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An Analysis of Politeness Strategies used by the Students in Conversation

Politeness is influenced by cultural background, social background, historical and geographical elements. Encouraging students regarding the importance of having politeness strategies in communicating will develop their awareness not only in communicative competence but also cultural awareness, and build their character values. This research aims to explore the use of politeness strategies that occur in English class interactions for first semester students of the Early Childhood Education Study Program in 2022. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research design to explore the politeness strategies used by teachers and students in their interactions. The participants in this study were an English teacher and 32 students. The data in this research are utterances that contain politeness strategies. The data was taken from a 90 minute English lesson which was video recorded. The results showed that there were 7 citations containing three politeness strategies: positive politeness strategies, negative politeness strategies and bald-on-record politeness strategies. The interaction is dominated by the teacher. In addition, the politeness strategies that occur in class interactions are influenced by several factors such as differences in age, institutional position, power, and social distance.   Keyword: Classroom Interactions, Politeness, Politeness Strategie

Increased risk of osteoporosis and femoral neck fractures in patients with familial Mediterranean fever—a large retrospective cohort study

Objectives The direct impact of inflammatory conditions and their therapy with corticosteroids contribute to an increased risk of osteoporosis with associated fractures. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disorder not commonly treated with corticosteroids. Evidence regarding FMF association with osteoporosis and femur fractures is anecdotal. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk of osteoporosis and femoral neck fracture in FMF patients compared with the general population. Methods A retrospective cohort study using the electronic database of Clalit Health Services of all FMF patients first diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 and controls was conducted including age- and sex-matched controls in a 1:1 ratio. Follow-up continued until the first diagnosis of osteoporosis or fracture. Risk for these conditions was compared using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Results A total of 9769 FMF patients were followed for a median period of 12.5 years. Of these, 304 FMF patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis compared with 191 controls, resulting in an incidence rate (per 10 000 persons-years) of 28.8 and 17.8, respectively, and a crude hazard ratio of 1.62 (95% CI 1.35, 1.93; P < 0.001). Patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis at a considerably younger age than controls [60.1 (s.d. 12.4) vs 62.5 (s.d. 11.0) years; P = 0.028]. A total of 56 FMF patients were diagnosed with femoral neck fracture compared with 35 controls, resulting in an incidence rate of 5.3 and 3.3, respectively, and a crude HR of 1.60 (95% CI 1.05, 2.44; P < 0.05). Conclusion FMF patients are at increased risk for osteoporosis and consequently femur fracture. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering bone health in the management of FMF patients

CONTROLLING WILDLIFE DAMAGE: CAN COMPUTERS HELP?

ABSTRACT: Expert systems, a new computer field, is presented as a method to make computers more useful and professionally relevant. Expert systems technology is discussed and is demonstrated to be available and affordable. A typical wildlife damage control problem is presented: species identification of a burrowing pest from a verbal description of a mound or burrow. Development of the expert system, BURROW, is outlined in step-by-step fashion, from statement of the problem, through translating knowledge into rules, to testing and review. Emphasis is placed on encouraging others to write simple expert systems to solve routine problems

Von Heyligen Landt wassdarin und underwegen zusehen sampt beschreibung der reyss hineyn und herauss. Alles vadendlish verzeichuet durch Daniels Ecklin von Arow der im jar 1552 hineyn gezogen und im 1553 jar wider herauss kommen.

Dedication:Content description: Side notesPagination: f.399-404Text Genre:Pros

Agama dalam bayang-bayang relativisme : sebuah analisis sosiologi pengetahuan Karl Mannheim tentang sintesa kebenaran historis-normatif = truth beyond relativism : Karl Mannheim's sociology of knowledg

Sebagai way of life, agama adalah inspirasi kebenaran. Namun sebagai discourse inspirasi kebenaran tidak mesti agama. Kebenaran berada dalam perputaran kosmos. Perputaran lokasi sosiohistoris kemanusiaan.xxx, 73 hlm.; 18 cm

5-FU Uptake in Peritoneal Metastases After Pretreatment with Radioimmunotherapy or Vasoconstriction: An Autoradiographic Study in the Rat

This study was conducted to test if tumour drug uptake could be increased in experimental colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases, by using pretreatment with peritoneal vasoconstriction or radioimmunotherapy. A total of 29 nude rats with peritoneal metastases were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 14C-labelled 5-FU. The animals were randomly allocated to 5 groups. Six days prior to 5-FU, group I (control) received i.p. NaCl, group II was subjected to i.p. radioimmunotherapy (RIT) 131I-labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (150 MBq) and group III received i.p. Norbormide 10 minutes before 5-FU. Two days prior to 5-FU group IV and V received i.p. NaCl (control) and RIT, respectively. 5-FU uptake was visualised with autoradiography and quantified by computer-based image analysis. Tumours in group III showed a higher uptake (mean±SD, 21.4±17) than in group I (11.8±10, p=0.04). This was also true when the analysis was restricted to larger tumours (≥ median 627 pixels) group III (23.2±19) vs. group I (11.8±7, p=0.002). Peritoneal tumours in group II were of smaller size (median area 308 pixels) than in group I (619 pixels), in group III (901 pixels), in group IV (769 pixels) and in group V (808 pixels). RIT decreased the tumour size whereas it did not affect 5-FU uptake. The uptake of 5-FU was potentiated by pretreating the animals with Norbormide. These results demonstrate that 5-FU uptake in experimental peritoneal metastases is increased when the peritoneal absorbtion of the drug is blocked using pretreatment with a vasoconstrictive agent. This principle may also be relevant when treating patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases

5-FU Uptake in Peritoneal Metastases After Pretreatment with Radioimmunotherapy or Vasoconstriction: An Autoradiographic Study in the Rat

This study was conducted to test if tumour drug uptake could be increased in experimental colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases, by using pretreatment with peritoneal vasoconstriction or radioimmunotherapy. A total of 29 nude rats with peritoneal metastases were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 14C-labelled 5-FU. The animals were randomly allocated to 5 groups. Six days prior to 5-FU, group I (control) received i.p. NaCl, group II was subjected to i.p. radioimmunotherapy (RIT) 131I-labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (150 MBq) and group III received i.p. Norbormide 10 minutes before 5-FU. Two days prior to 5-FU group IV and V received i.p. NaCl (control) and RIT, respectively. 5-FU uptake was visualised with autoradiography and quantified by computer-based image analysis. Tumours in group III showed a higher uptake (mean±SD, 21.4±17) than in group I (11.8±10, p=0.04). This was also true when the analysis was restricted to larger tumours (≥ median 627 pixels) group III (23.2±19) vs. group I (11.8±7, p=0.002). Peritoneal tumours in group II were of smaller size (median area 308 pixels) than in group I (619 pixels), in group III (901 pixels), in group IV (769 pixels) and in group V (808 pixels). RIT decreased the tumour size whereas it did not affect 5-FU uptake. The uptake of 5-FU was potentiated by pretreating the animals with Norbormide. These results demonstrate that 5-FU uptake in experimental peritoneal metastases is increased when the peritoneal absorbtion of the drug is blocked using pretreatment with a vasoconstrictive agent. This principle may also be relevant when treating patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases

5-FU Uptake in Peritoneal Metastases After Pretreatment with Radioimmunotherapy or Vasoconstriction: An Autoradiographic Study in the Rat

This study was conducted to test if tumour drug uptake could be increased in experimental colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases, by using pretreatment with peritoneal vasoconstriction or radioimmunotherapy. A total of 29 nude rats with peritoneal metastases were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 14C-labelled 5-FU. The animals were randomly allocated to 5 groups. Six days prior to 5-FU, group I (control) received i.p. NaCl, group II was subjected to i.p. radioimmunotherapy (RIT) 131I-labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (150 MBq) and group III received i.p. Norbormide 10 minutes before 5-FU. Two days prior to 5-FU group IV and V received i.p. NaCl (control) and RIT, respectively. 5-FU uptake was visualised with autoradiography and quantified by computer-based image analysis. Tumours in group III showed a higher uptake (mean±SD, 21.4±17) than in group I (11.8±10, p=0.04). This was also true when the analysis was restricted to larger tumours (≥ median 627 pixels) group III (23.2±19) vs. group I (11.8±7, p=0.002). Peritoneal tumours in group II were of smaller size (median area 308 pixels) than in group I (619 pixels), in group III (901 pixels), in group IV (769 pixels) and in group V (808 pixels). RIT decreased the tumour size whereas it did not affect 5-FU uptake. The uptake of 5-FU was potentiated by pretreating the animals with Norbormide. These results demonstrate that 5-FU uptake in experimental peritoneal metastases is increased when the peritoneal absorbtion of the drug is blocked using pretreatment with a vasoconstrictive agent. This principle may also be relevant when treating patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases

Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: A Multi-Center Real Life Experience

(1) Background: left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is considered an effective and relatively safe treatment for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation and a contra-indication for anticoagulation. We present a large multicenter real-world experience of transcatheter LAAO implementation in patients with atrial fibrillation who cannot be treated with chronic anti-coagulation; (2) Methods: included were atrial fibrillation patients who underwent transcatheter LAAO between 1 January 2016 and 30 June 2021. The study was conducted using the electronic health record database of Clalit Health Services (CHS). The primary outcomes included hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke following LAAO; (3) Results: included were 389 atrial fibrillation patients. During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, 13% patients had ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and 4.4% patients had hemorrhagic CVA. While the risk of ischemic stroke increased gradually over time, the risk of hemorrhagic CVA was highest during the first 3 months following the procedure. Moreover, previous ischemic stroke was the only significant predictor for both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke following LAAO; (4) Conclusions: while the annual performance rate of transcatheter LAAO has increased significantly over the past years, post procedural long-term prognosis remains poor with a substantial risk of both thrombotic and bleeding events