Ulv i Skandinavia - Statusrapport for vinteren 2001-2002

Målsettingen med vinterens bestandsovervåking av ulv har vært å utrede antall og utbredelse av flokker, par og andre forekomster av ulv på den Skandinaviske halvøya, for deretter å presentere dette i felles utarbeidet rapport, en for begge land. I Sverige har Viltskadecenter ved Grimsö forskningsstasjon på vegne av forvaltningen hatt i oppdrag å koordinere og kvalitetssikre svensk bestandsovervåking av ulv, mens Høgskolen i Hedmark har hatt tilsvarende ansvar når det gjelder stasjonære ulver i Norge innenfor rammene av det nasjonale overvåkingsprogrammet for store rovdyr (NINA). Det er samarbeidet med Finland om felles bestandsovervåking av ulveflokker i hele Fennoskandia. Et stort antall personer og mange organisasjoner har bidratt med opplysninger om ulveforekomster. De fleste opplysninger har kommet fra fylkesmenn/länsstyrelser, jegerforbundene i de respektive land, Svenska Rovdjursföreningen og fra tilfeldige observatører. Sammenstillingen bygger hovedsakelig på funn av spor på snødekket mark, men andre metoder som radiotelemetri er også brukt. Majoriteten av de rapporterte meldingene om ulv er kvalitetssikret ved hjelp av sporkontroller og lengre sporinger i felt. Granskning av meldinger og forekomster med hensyn til tidspunkt og avstand mellom ulike observasjoner har også vært sentralt. Alle registrerte ulveforekomster er klassifisert som tilhørende én av fire kategorier: familiegrupper, revirmarkerende par, andre stasjonære ulver eller andre ulver. Det beregnede, totale antall ulver i Skandinavia som er presentert i denne rapporten er basert på opplysninger registrert i perioden 1. oktober 2001 til 28. februar 2002. Totalantallet er presentert som et intervall der minimumsantallet er basert på opplysninger som er kontrollert i felt av erfarne sporere, mens det i maksimumsantallet også er inkludert andre og mer usikre meldinger om ulveforekomster. Totalt i Skandinavia ble det ved disse metoder registrert minst 98 og maksimalt 114 ulver i vintersesongen 2001-2002. Av disse var 74-79 ulver fordelt på 11 familiegrupper, 10-12 var fra 5-6 revirmarkerende par, 6 tilhørte kategorien andre stasjonære ulver, og andre ulver bestod av 8-17 dyr. Flest ulver, 62-72 individer, hadde tilhold i Sverige. For de "svenske" ulvene var fordelingen 46-48 ulver i familiegrupper, 6-8 ulver i kategorien revirmarkerende par, 4 var andre stasjonære ulver og 6- 12 i kategorien andre ulver. I Norge ble det registrert totalt 13-18 ulver i vinter, hvorav 9-11 fordelt på 2 familiegrupper, 2 i et revirmarkerende par, 1 enslig stasjonær og 1-4 i kategorien andre ulver. 23-24 ulver hadde tilhold både i Sverige og Norge. Det ble registrert 10 valpekull i 2001, der 6 kull ble født i eksisterende flokker, mens nye par reproduserte i 4 tilfeller. Av de 98-114 registrerte ulvene totalt, var minst 6 døde i løpet av vinterregistreringen. I Finland ble totalt 14 familiegrupper påvist vinteren 2001-2002, fire med tilhold på tvers av finskrussisk riksgrense, mens de resterende 10 holdt til innenfor landets grenser. Disse 10 flokkene bestod av til sammen 67 ulver. Med ett unntak var alle flokker utbredt i østre og sørøstre deler av Finland.English: The wolves in Sweden and Norway are members of a joint Scandinavian wolf population. In a combined Swedish-Norwegian monitoring project wolves on the Scandinavian Peninsula were located and counted during the winter of 2001-2002. Following contract with the management authorities, the Wildlife Damage Center (VSC) at Grimsö Research Station was responsible for the coordination and the quality of the wolf monitoring in Sweden, while the wolf biologists at Hedmark College were responsible for the monitoring of resident wolves in Norway. Furthermore, cooperative wolf monitoring in Fennoscandia has been in collaboration with Finland. A large number of volunteers and organizations have participated in the wolf monitoring activities. Various County environmental agencies and Hunting associations in both countries, as well as the Swedish Carnivore Association were responsible for most wolf reports. The estimated number of wolves in Scandinavia reported is mainly based on ground tracking upon snow, but also by radio-telemetry. The estimate is restricted to the period of October 1, 2001 – February 28, 2002. To guarantee the quality of the reports used, the majority has been checked in the field by the project, or by personnel with several years of experience of ground tracking wolves on snow. By taking into account the distance and time between observations, different social groups or individual wolves were separated and counted. Wolves were classified as either 1) family groups (packs), 2) scent-marking pairs, 3) other resident wolves or 4) other wolves. The results were presented as minimum-maximum numbers where the minimum was exclusively based on field-checked reports, while the maximum included other reports also. A total of 98-114 wolves were located on the Scandinavian Peninsula during the 2001-2002 winter. Among these, 11 packs included 74-79 wolves, 10-12 wolves belonged to scent-marking pairs, other resident wolves included 6 specimens, and 8-17 individuals were classified as other wolves. The majority (62-72) of the wolves were located in Sweden, and among these the distribution of pack members, members of scent-marking pairs, other resident wolves, and other wolves were 46-48, 6-8, 4, and 6-12 respectively. Of the 13-18 wolves restricted to Norway, 9-11 were members of 2 packs, 2 were a scent-marking pair, 1 was a solitary resident, and 1-4 were classified as other wolves. Twelve wolves Areas were utilized on both sides of the national border between Sweden and Norway by 23-24 wolves. Successful reproduction in the spring of 2001 was confirmed in 10 of the 11 packs. Among the estimated 98-114 wolves, at least 6 wolves have died during the winter and spring of 2002. In Finland, during the winter 2001-2002, a total of 67 wolves in 10 packs were estimated to have exclusively Finnish territories. In addition, an uncertain number of wolves were pack members within 4 territories across the Finnish-Russian border

Varg i Skandinavien: statusrapport för vintern 1999-2000

Målsättningen med vinterns beståndsövervakning av varg har varit att utreda antal och utbredning av flockar, par och andra förekomster av varg på den Skandinaviska halvön samt att presentera detta i en för båda länder gemensam rapport. I Sverige har Viltskadecenter vid Grimsö forskningsstation förvaltningens uppdrag att koordinera och kvalitetssäkra den svenska beståndsövervakningen av varg söder om renskötselområdet, medan Högskolan i Hedmark har haft motsvarande ansvar när det gäller stationära vargar i den sydöstra delen av Norge. Ett samarbete med Finland har genomförts avseende gemensam beståndsövervakning av vargflockar i hela Fennoskandia. Ett stort antal personer och många organisationer har bidragit med uppgifter om vargförekomst. De flesta uppgifter har lämnats av länsstyrelser/fylkesmän, Svenska Jägareförbundet, Svenska Rovdjursföreningen och tillfälliga observatörer. Sammanställningen bygger huvudsakligen på spårrapporter och längre spårningar på snötäckt mark, men andra metoder som radiotelemetri och linjetaxering har också nyttjats. Majoriteten av rapporterna är kvalitetssäkrade med hjälp av spårkontroller i fält. Vid granskningen av rapporter och förekomster har tidpunkt och avstånd mellan olika observationer också varit centralt. Alla registrerade vargrapporter har klassificerats i en av följande fyra kategorier: familjegrupper, revirmarkerande par, övriga stationära vargar samt övriga vargar. Det beräknade totala antalet vargar i Skandinavien som presenteras i denna rapport är baserat på uppgifter registrerade under perioden 1 oktober 1999 till 29 februari 2000. Antalet presenteras i form av ett intervall där minimisiffran baseras på uppgifter som är kontrollerade i fält av erfarna spårare, medan maximisiffran även inkluderar andra och mer osäkra rapporter om vargförekomst. Totalt i Skandinavien registrerades lägst 67 och högst 81 vargar under vintersäsongen 1999-2000. Av dessa var 41-45 vargar fördelade på 7 familjegrupper, 12 vargar härrörde från 6 revirmarkerande par, 8-10 vargar tillhörde kategorin övriga stationära vargar och 6-14 vargar klassificerades som övriga vargar. Antalet vargar med tillhåll enbart i Sverige var 28-39 individer. För de ”svenska” vargarna var fördelningen 8-10 individer från familjegrupperna, 8 från de revirmarkerande paren, 6-7 var övriga stationära vargar och 6-14 tillhörde kategorin övriga vargar. I Norge registrerades totalt 22-24 vargar den senaste vintern, varav 18-19 individer var fördelade på två familjegrupper, 2 individer i ett revirmarkerande par samt 2-3 övriga stationära vargar. Minst 17 och max 18 vargar hade sitt tillhåll både i Sverige och Norge, varav 15-16 tillhörde 3 familjegrupper och 2 tillhörde ett revirmarkerande par. Sex valpkullar registrerades, födda 1999, varav 4 kullar föddes i existerande flockar medan nya par reproducerade sig i två fall. Av det totala antalet registrerade vargar, 67-81 individer, har minst 6 förolyckats under vinterperioden (oktober-april), varför antalet vid vinterns slut var 61-75 vargar. Efter utvärdering av det samlade antalet flockar och revirmarkerande par kan 9-12 ynglingar förväntas under våren/sommaren 2000. I Finland registrerades 10 familjegrupper med totalt 66-68 vargar under vintern 1999-2000. Samtliga dessa flockar hade en östlig utbredning längs gränsen mellan Finland och Ryssland. Sex av flockarna rörde sig uteslutande på den finska sidan av gränsen.English: The wolves in Sweden and Norway are members of a joint Scandinavian wolf population. In a combined Swedish-Norwegian monitoring project, wolf packs, wolf pairs and other occurrences of wolves on the Scandinavian Peninsula were located and counted during the winter of 1999-2000. Following contract with the management authorities, the Wildlife Damage Center (VSC) at Grimsö Research Station was responsible for the coordination and the quality of the wolf monitoring in Sweden, while the wolf biologists at Hedmark College were responsible for the monitoring of resident wolves in Norway. Furthermore, Fennoscandian wolf packs were monitored in collaboration with Finland. A large number of volunteers and organizations have participated in the wolf monitoring activities. Various County environmental agencies and Hunting associations in both countries, as well as the Swedish Carnivore Association and observers by chance were responsible for most wolf reports. The estimated number of wolves in Scandinavia reported is mainly based on ground tracking upon snow, but also by radio-telemetry and line transect surveys. The estimate is restricted to the period of October 1, 1999 – February 29, 2000. To guarantee the quality of the reports used, the majority has been checked in the field by the project, or by personnel with several years of experience of ground tracking wolves on snow. By taking into account the distance and time between observations, different social groups or individual wolves were separated and counted. Wolves were classified as either 1) family groups (packs), 2) scent-marking pairs, 3) other resident wolves or 4) other wolves. The results were presented as minimum-maximum numbers where the minimum was exclusively based on field-checked reports, while the maximum included other reports also. A total of 67-81 wolves were located on the Scandinavian Peninsula during the 1999-2000 winter. Among these, 7 packs included 41-45 wolves, 12 wolves belonged to scent-marking pairs, other resident wolves included 8-10 specimens, and 6-14 individuals were classified as other wolves. Among the wolves located in Sweden only (28-39), the distribution of pack members, members of scent-marking pairs, other resident wolves, and other wolves were 8-10, 8, 6-7, and 6-14 respectively. Of the 22-24 wolves restricted to Norway, 18-19 were pack members, two were a scent-marking pair and 2-3 were other resident wolves. Seventeen to 18 wolves utilized areas on both sides of the national border between Sweden and Norway. Among these, three packs included 15-16 wolves, and the remaining two individuals were members of a scent-marking pair. Six successful reproductions in the spring of 1999 were confirmed. Four and 2 litters were born in wellestablished packs and new pairs, respectively. Among the estimated 67-81 wolves, at least 6 wolves have died during the winter (October-April), giving an estimated total of 61-75 wolves in late winter. Based on the known number of scent-marking pairs (including intact alpha-pairs in packs) during late winter 2000, a total of 9-12 wolf reproductions are predicted to occur in Scandinavia during the spring of 2000. In Finland, during the winter 1999- 2000, a total of 10 packs including 66-68 wolves were located, all in eastern Finland, along the Finnish-Russian border. Six packs were estimated to have exclusively Finnish territories.Uppdragsgivare: Naturvårdsverket och Samordningsgruppen för beståndsövervakning av stora rovdjur, Sverige, Fylkesmennene i Hedmark, Oslo/Akershus, Östfold fylker och Direktoratet for naturforvaltning, Norge

Monitoring of wolves in Scandinavia

This article is available in fulltext on the Hystrix WebpageThe Scandinavian wolf population is jointly monitored by Norwegian and Swedish authorities. Monitoring is made annually. Wolves are classified in different categories. Family groups ( 3 animals sharing a territory), territorial pairs, other stationary wolves, and vagrants. Also number of reproductions are determined each year, and has the highest priority as national management goals for the wolf population in both countries are expressed as number of reproducing units. Three methods are used in combination. Tracking on snow is the basic method. Around 100 field workers are employed full time or part time to find and follow tracks of wolves during the monitoring season Oct. 1 – Feb 28. The second method is DNA-analysis, mainly based on wolf scats collected during tracking. DNA-analysis help verifying reproductions, identifying newly established pairs, differentiating between neighboring territories and for identifying new immigrants from the Finnish/Russian population. The third method is radio telemetry. 10-20 wolves are equipped with GPS-collars each year, and used for determining of territory extents and differentiating between neighboring territories. All monitoring data are recorded in national databases, and compiled each year in an annual monitoring reports. Annual budget for large carnivore monitoring in the two countries combined in 2011 was approximately 5.8 million Euro, of which approximately 1.5 million was spent on wolves.This article is available in fulltext on the Hystrix Webpag

J/psi production from proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV

J/psi production has been measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)= 200 GeV over a wide rapidity and transverse momentum range by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. Distributions of the rapidity and transverse momentum, along with measurements of the mean transverse momentum and total production cross section are presented and compared to available theoretical calculations. The total J/psi cross section is 3.99 +/- 0.61(stat) +/- 0.58(sys) +/- 0.40(abs) micro barns. The mean transverse momentum is 1.80 +/- 0.23(stat) +/- 0.16(sys) GeV/c.Comment: 326 authors, 6 pages text, 4 figures, 1 table, RevTeX 4. To be submitted to PRL. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Centrality Dependence of Charm Production from Single Electrons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV

The PHENIX experiment has measured mid-rapidity transverse momentum spectra (0.4 < p_T < 4.0 GeV/c) of single electrons as a function of centrality in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. Contributions to the raw spectra from photon conversions and Dalitz decays of light neutral mesons are measured by introducing a thin (1.7% X_0) converter into the PHENIX acceptance and are statistically removed. The subtracted ``non-photonic'' electron spectra are primarily due to the semi-leptonic decays of hadrons containing heavy quarks (charm and bottom). For all centralities, charm production is found to scale with the nuclear overlap function, T_AA. For minimum-bias collisions the charm cross section per binary collision is N_cc^bar/T_AA = 622 +/- 57 (stat.) +/- 160 (sys.) microbarns.Comment: 326 authors, 4 pages text, 3 figures, 1 table, RevTeX 4. To be submitted to Physical Review Letters. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm