La colère au volant et ses conséquences sur le risque routier chez les jeunes automobilistes (Validation française de l'échelle de colère au volant D.A.S (driving anger expression inventory) et de l'inventaire d'expressions de la colère au volant D.A.X (Driving anger expression inventory))

Ce travail, dans le cadre de huit études empiriques, vise à tester pour la première fois en France, les liens entre la colère éprouvée au volant, différentes manières de l'exprimer, des transgressions de règles de conduite et des accidents de la route déclarés auprès de jeunes automobilistes. Nous avons traduit en français et validé l'échelle de colère au volant D.A.S. (Deffenbacher et al., 1994) ainsi que l'inventaire d'expressions de la colère au volant D.A.X. (Deffenbacher et al., 2002). La colère éprouvée lorsque le conducteur est gêné dans sa progression par la présence d'un autre usager ainsi que manifester de la colère au moyen de son véhicule sont d'excellents prédicteurs des infractions de conduite déclarées. L'utilisation de carnets de bord montre que les situations de conduite génératrices de colère sont relativement fréquentes lors de déplacements courts et habituels. Les implications de ces résultats en termes de stratégies d'intervention sont discutées.The aim of this PhD was to test for the first time in France through eight empirical studies, the relationships between trait driving anger, how people express their anger while driving, traffic violations and accidents among young drivers. We translate and validate in French the Driving Anger Scale (Deffenbacher et al., 1994) and the Driving Anger Expression Inventory (Deffenbacher et al., 2002). High positive correlations were observed between D.A.S. and aggressive forms of anger expression from D.A.X and also with violations. Anger evoked by progress impeded situations and use of the vehicle to express anger were good predictors of self-reported violations. Driving logs show that encounter anger-provoking situations while driving is rather frequent during short and usual trips. The implications of the findings for intervention strategies were considered.BOULOGNE-BU Psych. Henri Pieron (920125201) / SudocSudocFranceF

Psychological flourishing: Validation of the French version of the Flourishing Scale and exploration of its relationships with personality traits

International audienceThe purpose of this paper was to test the psychometric properties of the French version of the Flourishing Scale (FS, Diener et al., 2010) as a means to investigate the relationships between psychological flourishing and Big-Five personality traits. Participants for the study were 403 French sophomore students. Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for a single construct and an invariant structure of FS. Results revealed good fits in convergent validity through well-being related variables and the scale demonstrated satisfactory internal reliability. Correlation analysis indicated that conscientiousness had the highest positive correlation with psychological flourishing; extraversion and agreeableness were also positively related, whereas neuroticism was negatively related. A low positive correlation was also observed between FS and openness. Overall, personality traits accounted for 30% of variance in predicting psychological flourishing. Consistent with previous studies of associations between personality traits and well-being, our findings may well extend the concept of psychological flourishing

Santé et travail : le cas des facteurs de risque des troubles musculosquelettiques du membre supérieur

International audienc

The mediating roles of affect and coping strategy in the relationship between trait mindfulness and burnout among French healthcare professionals.

International audienceThe present study explored the mediating roles of affects and coping strategies in the relationship between mindfulness and burnout among a sample of French healthcare professionals. A total of 180 professionals (mean age = 30.10 years) from various health and social care centers in different parts of France completed a questionnaire that contained measures of mindfulness, emotional experience (positive vs. negative affects), coping strategies, and the three dimensions of burnout. Results indicated that trait mindfulness protects healthcare professionals from burnout (especially the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions). In addition, coping strategies and affects mediate the link between trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion. More specifically, participants with a low degree of mindfulness reported more negative affects and greater use of emotion-focused coping strategies. These findings suggest that trait mindfulness and positive affects help these professionals maintain a high level of personal accomplishment through the use of problem-focused coping strategies. Based on our results, recommendations could be drawn up to protect healthcare professionals from burnout and enhance their personal accomplishment

Socially desirable responding: enhancement and denial in 20 countries

This article investigated the dimensionality, measurement invariance, and cross-cultural variations of social desirability. A total of 3,471 university students from 20 countries completed an adapted version of the Marlowe-Crowne scale. A two-dimensional structure was revealed in the pooled sample, distinguishing enhancement (endorsement of positive self-description) and denial (rejection of negative self-description). The factor structure was supported in most countries; medium-sized item bias was found in two denial items. In a multilevel analysis, we found that (a) there was more cross-cultural variation in denial than enhancement; (b) females tended to score higher on enhancement whereas males tended to score higher on denial; (c) the Human Development Index, an indicator of country socioeconomic development, was the best (negative) predictor of denial; and (d) both enhancement and denial seemed to be associated with country-level values and personality pertinent to "fitting in." We conclude that social desirability has a positive and a negative impression management dimension that are meaningfully associated with country-level characteristics, and we argue that social desirability is better interpreted as culturally regulated response amplification. (DIPF/Orig.

Socially desirable responding: Enhancement and denial in 20 countries

Abstract: This article investigated the dimensionality, measurement invariance, and cross-cultural variations of social desirability. A total of 3,471 university students from 20 countries completed an adapted version of the Marlowe–Crowne scale. A two-dimensional structure was revealed in the pooled sample, distinguishing enhancement (endorsement of positive self-description) and denial (rejection of negative self-description). The factor structure was supported in most countries; medium-sized item bias was found in two denial items. In a multilevel analysis, we found that (a) there was more cross-cultural variation in denial than enhancement; (b) females tended to score higher on enhancement whereas males tended to score higher on denial; (c) the Human Development Index, an indicator of country socioeconomic development, was the best (negative) predictor of denial; and (d) both enhancement and denial seemed to be associated with country-level values and personality pertinent to “fitting in.” We conclude that social desirability has a positive and a negative impression management dimension that are meaningfully associated with country-level characteristics, and we argue that social desirability is better interpreted as culturally regulated response amplification