Cambios en elrango de distribución dePotentilla tucumanensis (Rosaceae), una especie críptica en peligro de extinción

Una correcta identificación taxonómica es esencial para la preservación de la biodiversidad. En este trabajo se presentan caracteres morfológicos sencillos para diferenciar la nueva especip, Potentilla tucumanensis recientemente descripta. Esta especie, cuyo período reproductivo ocupa el 10% final de su ciclo de vida, es considerada críptica debido a que puede ser confundida por su similitud en estado vegetativo, con especies con las cuales cohabita y está aislada reproductivamente. Además, se muestra que en los últimos cien años, P. tucumanensis ha sufrido una dramática retracción de su hábitat: desde 1900 a 1925 se encontraron ejemplares de esta planta distribuidos en diferentes ambientes ecológicos de la reglón del noroeste argentino, mientras que en la actualidad, esta especie es raramente encontrada y siempre confinada a un sólo tipo de hábitat. Se discuten las posibles causas de este proceso de retracción. Si P. tucumanensis no hubiese sido reconocida como una especie nueva, probablemente hubiese desaparecido sin dejar rastro de su existencia.: A correct taxonomic identification is essential for the preservation of biodiversity. In this paper we present simple morphological characters for the identification of the new species recently described, Potentilla tucumanensis. The reproductive period of this species occupies about 10% of the last part of its lifecycle, is considered cryptic because in the vegetative stage it has many morphological similarities with other cohabiting related species; it can be easily confused with them and it is reproductively isolated. Our study also revealed that for the last hundred years P. tucumanensis has suffered a dramatic habitat retraction. Possible causes of this area retraction are discussed. IfPtucumanensis had not been recognized asa new species, it would have most likely disappeared without being noticed.Fil: Arias, Marta Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Diaz Ricci, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Castagnaro, Atilio Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; Argentin

Fusarium species infecting soybean roots: Frequency, aggressiveness, yield impact and interaction with the soybean cyst nematode

Fusarium root rot is a widespread and common disease in soybean. Several Fusarium species have been reported to infect soybean roots but their occurrence, aggressiveness and impact on yield have not been quantified. To gain a better understanding of the importance of root-infecting Fusarium species in soybean productivity in Iowa, a three year root survey, and greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in order to accomplish the following objectives, 1) characterize the frequency of Fusarium species associated with soybean roots from Iowa soybean fields, 2) determine aggressiveness of predominant Fusarium species towards soybean, 3) estimate the impact of Fusarium species on growth and yield of soybean plants and 4) determine whether there is an interaction between SCN infestation and Fusarium root rot species in soybean roots. Using morphological and molecular techniques, 15 Fusarium species were identified in association with soybean root. Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. acuminatum, and F. graminearum were most frequently isolated and most prevalent at the county and field level. Aggressiveness of isolates representing the most frequent species was tested under greenhouse and field conditions. In the greenhouse, aggressiveness differed between species and among isolates at V3 soybean growth stage; F. graminearum caused the most severe root rot and detrimental effects on root system morphology, followed by F. virguliforme and F. proliferatum. Significant variation in aggressiveness was observed among F. oxysporum isolates, some of which caused severe damping off. In the field, low root rot severity was observed. Mean yield was not significantly reduced but significant linear relationships were found for some isolates between yield and root health measures. To determine whether SCN infestation enhances root rot disease in soybean, greenhouse and field trials were conducted using cultivars that differ in genetic resistance to SCN. Under greenhouse conditions, seedlings of SCN-susceptible and SCN-resistant cultivars were grown in soil infested with Fusarium alone and in combination with SCN. Two isolates from each of 8 Fusarium species were tested. There were significant interactions between Fusarium isolates and SCN, with co-inoculation with both pathogens consistently causing more detrimental effects on root development than either pathogen alone. This effect appeared to be additive except for three isolates (FG2, FS2, and FSP1) with evidence for synergistic effects. In the field, Fusarium root rot severity was correlated with SCN population density, but SCN-resistant and SCN-susceptible cultivars did not consistently differ in root rot severity, suggesting that the use of SCN resistance is not likely to reduce Fusarium root rot severity. Overall, this study has identified the most prevalent and most aggressive Fusarium species causing root rot in Iowa, and shown that some species are capable of causing soybean yield losses. Our results also indicate that SCN population densities, soil pH and Fusarium root rot severity are related and they act together to affect soybean yield, although the mechanism of these interactions is unknown. These findings will guide future research on Fusarium root rot, including studies of the genetic diversity within species, epidemiological and ecological features of the disease, and host-pathogen interactions, and ultimately help to development management practices for the disease

Length-weight relationships of coral reef fishes from the Alacran Reef, Yucatan, Mexico

Length-weight relationships were computed for 42 species of coral reef fishes from 14 families from the Alacran Reef (Yucatan, Mexico). A total of 1 892 individuals was used for this purpose. The fish species were caught by different fishing techniques such as fishhooks, harpoons, gill and trawl nets. The sampling period was from March 1998 to January 2000

A qualitative study on the experiences of southern European immigrant parents navigating the Norwegian healthcare system

Background Patients’ experiences with health providers and their diagnostic and treatment expectations are shaped by cultural health beliefs and previous experiences with healthcare services in home country. This study explores how Southern European immigrant parents navigate the Norwegian healthcare system, through its focus on how this group manage their expectations on diagnosis and treatment practices when these are unmet. Methods The study had a qualitative research design. Fourteen in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions with 20 Southern European immigrant parents were conducted in 2017 in three Norwegian municipalities. With the help of NVivo software, data were transcribed verbatim and coded. Following a thematic analysis approach to identify patterns in immigrants’ experiences with the Norwegian healthcare services, the codes were organized into two themes. Results The first theme includes immigrants’ expectations on diagnostic tests and medical treatment. Southern European immigrants expected more diagnostic tests and pharmacological treatment than what was deemed necessary by Norwegian health providers. Experiences with unmet expectations influenced how immigrants addressed their and their children’s healthcare needs. The second theme comprises immigrants’ experiences of seeking healthcare in Norway (attending medical consultations in the private sector, seeking immigrant healthcare providers, and navigating the healthcare through their Norwegian social networks). This category includes also the alternative solutions immigrants undertook when they were dissatisfied with the diagnosis and treatment practices they were offered in Norway (self-medication and seeking healthcare in home countries). Conclusions Cultural health beliefs and previous experiences with healthcare services from home country shaped immigrants’ expectations on diagnosis and treatment practices. This had great implications for their navigation through the healthcare system and interactions with health providers in the host country. The study suggests that successful inclusion of immigrants into the Norwegian healthcare system requires an acknowledgment of the cultural factors that influence access and use of healthcare services. Exploring immigrants’ perspectives and experiences offers important information to understand the challenges of cross-cultural healthcare and to improve communication and equitable access.publishedVersio

ConvFormer: Parameter Reduction in Transformer Models for 3D Human Pose Estimation by Leveraging Dynamic Multi-Headed Convolutional Attention

Recently, fully-transformer architectures have replaced the defacto convolutional architecture for the 3D human pose estimation task. In this paper we propose \textbf{\textit{ConvFormer}}, a novel convolutional transformer that leverages a new \textbf{\textit{dynamic multi-headed convolutional self-attention}} mechanism for monocular 3D human pose estimation. We designed a spatial and temporal convolutional transformer to comprehensively model human joint relations within individual frames and globally across the motion sequence. Moreover, we introduce a novel notion of \textbf{\textit{temporal joints profile}} for our temporal ConvFormer that fuses complete temporal information immediately for a local neighborhood of joint features. We have quantitatively and qualitatively validated our method on three common benchmark datasets: Human3.6M, MPI-INF-3DHP, and HumanEva. Extensive experiments have been conducted to identify the optimal hyper-parameter set. These experiments demonstrated that we achieved a \textbf{significant parameter reduction relative to prior transformer models} while attaining State-of-the-Art (SOTA) or near SOTA on all three datasets. Additionally, we achieved SOTA for Protocol III on H36M for both GT and CPN detection inputs. Finally, we obtained SOTA on all three metrics for the MPI-INF-3DHP dataset and for all three subjects on HumanEva under Protocol II

New examples of W∗^* and C∗^*-superrigid groups

A group $G$ is called $W^*$-superrigid (resp. $C^*$-superrigid) if it is completely recognizable from its von Neumann algebra $L(G)$ (resp. reduced $C^*$-algebra $C_r^*(G)$). Developing new technological aspects in Popa's deformation/rigidity theory we introduce several new classes of $W^*$-superrigid groups which appear as direct products, semidirect products with non-amenable core and iterations of amalgamated free products and HNN-extensions. As a byproduct we obtain new rigidity results in $C^*$-algebra theory including additional examples of $C^*$-superrigid groups and explicit computations of symmetries of reduced group $C^*$-algebras

Lectura en voz alta

Esta monografía surgió de las experiencias y observaciones sobre la lectura en voz alta dada en las aulas de clase; es claro que la lectura es un proceso que va evolucionando poco a poco y grado tras grado esta actividad se va haciendo más compleja haciendo que se presenten falencias en los lectores al abordar los textos y es más complejo si no se tiene un adecuado acompañamiento lector, esto fue lo que indujo a la elección del tema, el cual permitió ver las actitudes de los estudiantes de grado octavo con respecto a la lectura en voz alta, observar la forma como la llevaron a cabo y los factores que incidieron en el proceso, lo que conllevo a presentar estrategias en pro de una mejor lectura en voz alta. La lectura en voz alta es una técnica que a diferencia de la antigüedad poco es practicada en nuestros días, generalmente se recurre a la lectura silenciosa ignorando los grandes beneficios que la primera puede ofrecer, así en el capitulo uno de la monografía se encuentra algunas generalidades de la lectura, estableciendo la diferencia entre la lectura silente y la lectura en voz alta, mostrando las ventajas de ambas pero profundizando más en la que concierne al tema principal, el cual origina lazos sociales, facilidad para la comprensión del texto, invitación para ir más allá de la lectura y no quedarse en la simple oralidad, es decir que ésta permite la interacción, acción y participación. Para realizar la lectura en voz alta correctamente es fundamental tener en cuenta aspectos que favorezcan el proceso como son el manejo de la voz, la tonalidad, el acento, el uso de los signos de puntuación y la gestualidad, puntos que están relacionados con la respiración, con el manejo del público y de las emociones

A Novel PMSM Hybrid Sensorless Control Strategy for EV Applications Based on PLL and HFI

In this paper, a novel hybrid sensorless control strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) drives applied to Electric Vehicles (EV) is presented. This sensorless strategy covers the EV full speed range and also has speed reversal capability. It combines a High Frequency Injection (HFI) technique for low and zero speeds, and a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) for the medium and high speed regions. A solution to achieve smooth transitions between the PLL and the HFI strategies is also proposed, allowing to correctly detect the rotor position polarity when HFI takes part. Wide speed and torque four-quadrant simulation results are provided, which validate the proposed sensorless strategy for being further implemented in EV.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft