Variable Waist-Diameter Mach-Zehnder Tapered-Fiber Interferometer as Humidity and Temperature Sensor

In-line single-mode tapered-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI-SMTF) with average waist diameters (davg) of 4.05 and 2.89 μ m have been fabricated, and both the temperature and the humidity sensitivity of the surrounding media have been measured and compared. The humidity and the temperature were measured over the ranges from 0% to 90% and 28 °C to 40 °C, respectively. The stability of the system at 50%RH and 90%RH was investigated, while the temperature of the chamber was maintained at about 28 °C. The humidity and temperature sensitivity resolution values were 0.02 nm/%RH and 0.05 nm/0.1 °C for the MZI-SMTF-1 with an average waist diameter of 4.05 μ m , while they were 0.01 nm/%RH and 0.025 nm/0.1 °C for the MZI-SMTF-2 with an average waist diameter of 2.89 μ m

Gold cone metasurface MIC sensor with monolayer of graphene and multilayer of graphite

This report makes a comparison between the spectrum features of plasmonic metamaterial metal-insulator-conductor (MIC) sensor with a monolayer of graphene and another MIC sensor with a multilayer of graphite as the back reflector. In both structures, the silicon substrate as an insulator layer was sandwiched between sub wave length periodic nanogold cones as the first layer and graphene and graphite as the third layer, respectively. Nanolayer of chromium nano rods was also considered in the structure of MIC sensors as an interface layer between silicon and nanogold cone metasurface. The performance of the sensor was evaluated under different incident polarized light angles and different thickness of the metasurface when the metasurface infiltrated with seawater and air. The transmission spectrum of monolayer graphene-based MIC sensor, respecting to s-polarized waves, reveals prominent feature to detect the air rather than seawater in invisible regime. Meanwhile, the reflection spectrum of graphite-based MIC sensor provides ∼0 % reflection under resonance condition regarding s- and p-polarized waves for detecting air in visible spectrum

Recent Randomized Trials of Antithrombotic Therapy for Patients With COVID-19: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Endothelial injury and microvascular/macrovascular thrombosis are common pathophysiological features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). However, the optimal thromboprophylactic regimens remain unknown across the spectrum of illness severity of COVID-19. A variety of antithrombotic agents, doses, and durations of therapy are being assessed in ongoing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that focus on outpatients, hospitalized patients in medical wards, and patients critically ill with COVID-19. This paper provides a perspective of the ongoing or completed RCTs related to antithrombotic strategies used in COVID-19, the opportunities and challenges for the clinical trial enterprise, and areas of existing knowledge, as well as data gaps that may motivate the design of future RCTs. © 2021 American College of Cardiology Foundatio

Relationship between malnutritional and serum level of Iron, Zinc, Calcium and Magnesium in 6-36 months hospitalized children

Background and Objective: Malnutrition is considered as one of most serious disorder in childhood. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and its relation to serum level of Magnesium, Zinc, Iron and Calcium in 6-36 months hospitalized children. Methods: In this case-control study upon CDC chart, 166 children were in control group diagnosed with no malnutrition and 151 children were also in case group with malnutrition. BMI and serum level of Magnesium, Zinc, Iron and Calcium were measeared for each child. Results: Out of 151 children with malnutrition, 128 (84.76%) and 23 (15.23%) were involved in mild and moderate malnutrition, respectively. The serum level of Magnesium and Zinc in case group was non-significantly lower than controls, while the serum level of Calcium and Iron non-significantly higher than controls. BMI was significantly reduced in cases in compared to controls and this reduction was related with malnutrition (95% CI: 0.38-0.59, OR=0.47, P<0.05). Conclusion: Malnutrition in 6-36 month children was not related to serum level of Zinc, Magnesium, Iron and Calcium, while children with malnutrition had lower body mass index

Transmission performances of solitons in optical wired link

Chaotic signal generation from microring resonators (MRRs) is presented. Two 1.5 μm Gaussians with spectral profile having powers of 600 mW are input into the system of MRRs. Using nonlinear conditions, the chaotic signals can be generated and propagated within the ring medium. Results show that the chaotic signals can be controlled and manipulated by using additional Gaussian input into the add port of the MRRs. A balance should be achieved between dispersion and nonlinear lengths when the propagating pulse is soliton. Chaotic output signals from the ring resonator can be converted to logic codes then inserted into an optical fiber transmission link which has a length of 180 km in order to perform the transmission performance. The transmitted signals in the form of spatial and temporal solitons can be detected at the end of the transmission link

Multiband dual polarized OFDM signal: generation and distribution over fiber

Microring Resonator (MRR) system is utilized to generate comb signal including eight carriers, owing 10 GHz free spectral range (FSR) to be applied in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems. Applying multiband (MB) approach, the ultra-high spectral effective orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technology is utilized to modulate each of the simulated multicarrier and by taking advantage of the dual polarization (DP) technique the high data rate of 236.8 Gb/s MBDP-OFDM signal is achieved. The MB-DP-OFDM signal is transmitted through 50 km single mode fiber (SMF) and received by the coherent receiver. The system’s performance was assessed by using the bit error rate (BER) of the system, where the BER of 2×10-3 was achieved