Spontaneous Cyclogenesis without Radiative and Surface-Flux Feedbacks

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the most intense and feared storms in the world. What physical processes lead to cyclogenesis remains the most mysterious aspect of TC physics. Here, we study spontaneous TC genesis using cloud-resolving simulations over an f-plane with constant sea-surface temperature. Previous studies proposed that spontaneous TC genesis requires either radiative or surface-flux feedbacks. To test this hypothesis, we perform mechanism-denial experiments, in which we switch off both feedback processes. We find that TCs can self-emerge even without radiative and surface-flux feedbacks. Although these feedbacks accelerate the genesis and impact the size of the TCs, TCs can reach similar intensities as those in the control experiment without these feedbacks. We show that TC genesis is associated with an abrupt increase in the Available Potential Energy (APE) and that convective heating dominates the APE production. Our result suggests that spontaneous TC genesis may result from a cooperative interaction between convection and circulation, and that radiative and surface-flux feedbacks accelerate the process

The Mediating Effect of Moral Sensitivity on the Relationship Between Quality Pedagogy and Social Trust of Public Secondary School Teachers

The study examined the mediating effect of moral sensitivity on the relationship between quality pedagogy and social trust of public secondary school teachers. The mediating variable (MV) was moral sensitivity, the independent variable (IV) was quality pedagogy, and the dependent variable (DV) was social trust. Primary data were collected using an adapted survey questionnaire administered to 400 teachers in Davao Region, Philippines. The data were analyzed using regression and sobel test. The results revealed that quality pedagogy and moral sensitivity have significant and positive relationship with social trust; likewise, quality pedagogy with moral sensitivity. The findings also showed that moral sensitivity partially mediates the effect of quality pedagogy on social trust, indicating that about only one third of the total effect of quality pedagogy (IV) on the social trust (DV) went through the moral sensitivity (MV) mediation, and about two thirds of the total effect was either direct or mediated by other variables not indicated in the model.Keywords: educational management, moral sensitivity, quality pedagogy, social trust, mediating effect, Philippines

Incidencia en el valor del suelo por la presencia de los conflictos en el uso del suelo y la localización de posibles focos de expendio de drogas en la UDP 210 - 01 de la ciudad de Montería, Córdoba

Esta investigación busca establecer la incidencia en el valor delsuelo a partir de dos variables: conflictos en el uso del suelo y elexpendio y consumo de drogas presentes en la UDP 210-01 de laciudad de Montería. A partir de la creación y posterior aplicaciónde una matriz de doble entrada y la utilización de herramientasSIG se logra obtener capas de información correspondiente a:conflictos en el uso del suelo, localización de los posibles focos deexpendio de drogas, delimitación de las zonas homogéneas físicasy geoeconómicas. Así, mediante su relación se logra determinar laincidencia de las variables en el valor del suelo

Adoption of \u3ci\u3eBrachiaria\u3c/i\u3e Grasses in Mexico and Central America: A Successful Story

In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) there has been a major effort to develop new pastures technologies, to increase livestock productivity for the extensive systems prevailing in the tropical lowlands. This multi-national and inter-institutional effort was initiated through the International Network for the Evaluation of Tropical Pastures (RIEPT, by its name in Spanish), which operated from 1976 to 1996 under CIAT leadership. This network became a platform for institutions to train technicians, share forage material from existing gene banks, study the behaviour of new germplasm under different environments, and established the exchange of scientific information to extrapolate research results (Toledo, 1982). Six hundred and forty five agronomists from 24 countries in LAC were trained by RIEPT, in subjects related to forage agronomy and pasture evaluation. Training was key for the success of RIEPT, because these professionals carried out evaluations of new and improved forages under contrasting ecosystems and provided feedback. In addition, during this period participating institutions in RIEPT released 11 selected grasses as commercial cultivars, most of them from the Brachiaria genus, as well as 16 forage legume cultivars (CIAT, 2003). In Central America and Mexico these cultivars were released between 1990 and 1996. Forage evaluation activities in this region continues at present through a joint research agenda between CIAT and ILRI, as well as between CIAT and the private seed sector. Of all pasture cultivars released; grasses from the Brachiaria genus currently dominate the market – accounting for approximately 84% of all grass seed sales in Mexico and Honduras, 90% in Nicaragua, 85% in Costa Rica, and 97% in Panama during the last 5 years (Holmann et al., 2004). The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of the adoption of Brachiaria grasses released through RIEPT during the period 1990-2003 on milk and beef production and to describe how this was achieved