An Extinction Study of the Taurus Dark Cloud Complex

We present a study of the detailed distribution of extinction in a region of the Taurus dark cloud complex. Our study uses new BVR images of the region, spectral classification data for 95 stars, and IRAS Sky Survey Atlas (ISSA) 60 and 100 micron images. We study the extinction of the region in four different ways, and we present the first inter-comparison of all these methods, which are: 1) using the color excess of background stars for which spectral types are known; 2) using the ISSA 60 and 100 micron images; 3) using star counts; and 4) using an optical (V and R) version of the average color excess method used by Lada et al. (1994). We find that all four methods give generally similar results, with important exceptions. To study the structure in the dust distribution, we compare the ISSA extinction and the extinction measured for individual stars. From the comparison, we conclude that in the relatively low extinction regions studied, with 0.9 < A_V < 3.0 mag (away from filamentary dark clouds and IRAS cores), there are no fluctuations in the dust column density greater than 45% (at the 99.7% confidence level), on scales smaller than 0.2 pc. We also report the discovery of a previously unknown stellar cluster behind the Taurus dark cloud near R.A 4h19m00s, Dec. 27:30:00 (B1950)Comment: 49 pages (which include 6 pages of tables and 6 pages of figures

The UN in the lab

We consider two alternatives to inaction for governments combating terrorism, which we term Defense and Prevention. Defense consists of investing in resources that reduce the impact of an attack, and generates a negative externality to other governments, making their countries a more attractive objective for terrorists. In contrast, Prevention, which consists of investing in resources that reduce the ability of the terrorist organization to mount an attack, creates a positive externality by reducing the overall threat of terrorism for all. This interaction is captured using a simple 3×3 “Nested Prisoner’s Dilemma” game, with a single Nash equilibrium where both countries choose Defense. Due to the structure of this interaction, countries can benefit from coordination of policy choices, and international institutions (such as the UN) can be utilized to facilitate coordination by implementing agreements to share the burden of Prevention. We introduce an institution that implements a burden-sharing policy for Prevention, and investigate experimentally whether subjects coordinate on a cooperative strategy more frequently under different levels of cost sharing. In all treatments, burden sharing leaves the Prisoner’s Dilemma structure and Nash equilibrium of the game unchanged. We compare three levels of burden sharing to a baseline in a between-subjects design, and find that burden sharing generates a non-linear effect on the choice of the efficient Prevention strategy and overall performance. Only an institution supporting a high level of mandatory burden sharing generates a significant improvement in the use of the Prevention strategy

Disc wind in the HH 30 binary models

Recent interferometric observations of the young stellar object(YSO) HH 30 have revealed a low velocity outflow in the $^{12}$CO J=1-2 molecule line (Pety et al. 2006). We present here two models of the low velocity disc winds with the aim of investigating an origin of this molecular outflow. Following Andlada et al. (2006) we treated HH 30 as a binary system. Two cases have been considered: i) the orbital period $P$ = 53 yrs and ii) $P \le$ 1 yr. Calculations showed that in the first case the outflow cone had a spiral-like structure due to summing the velocities of the orbital motion and the disc wind. Such a structure contradicts the observations. In the second case, the outflow cone demonstrates a symmetry relatively to the system axis and agrees well with the observations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. accepted by Mon. Not. R. Astron. So

Posibilidades lignitíferas de la cuenca Neógena de Ademuz (Fosa de Teruel)

La cuenca Terciaria de Ademuz es una cuenca intramontañosa-finialpídica colmatada por sedimentos del Mioceno-Plioceno. Se han distinguido cinco unidades litoestratigráficas en los sedimentos terciarios, de las cuales la Unidad Blanca Inferior presenta cierto interés en cuanto a posibilidades lignitíferas. Corresponde esta Unidad a un ambiente lacustre, en el que se depositan dos tipos de facies: Una travertínica, indicadora de un medio palustre muy somero, con abundante vegetación y condiciones oxidantes, y otra de ambiente tipo charca, que corresponde a un medio con lámina de agua escasa, pero mayor que en el caso anterior, con aguas tranquilas y condiciones reductoras, que son las idóneas para la acumulación de restos vegetales y formación de carbón. Las facies de último tipo predominan en dos zonas telmáticas, situadas al abrigo de islas interiores o en zonas marginales, en ambos casos protegidas de los aportes terrígenos, pero fuera de la zona de deposición de sedimentos exclusivamente lacustres, que se corresponden con las zonas de mayor cantidad de indicios de lignito

Proyecto de elaboración de un plan de negocios para la creación de una microempresa dedicada al alquiler y asesoria de audio para todo tipo de eventos

In the present project a market research and financial feasibility is realized for the implementation of a microcompany, dedicated to the rent and audio advising for all kinds of events. Before the ignorance of our clients in the configuration and / or managing of the equipment of audio, and understanding the great problematic that exists for not being able to avoid common faults as the hiss, popeo, snap, feedback, humm, echo, between other parameters, which have to choose to contract hereby empirical services that do not solve all audio problems, or of companies that charge high prices or compel to buying the equipments of audio that they sell. We offer the best solution, this way to form and / or to improve the audio quality that is being emitted by the equipments in any type of events that the client requests. The study includes a study of financial viability to detail the costs that there implies the creation and development of a microcompany of this type, the income that are foreseen to obtain and of this form, with financial criteria and taking as a base the market research, the convenience of the project

UM MÉTODO PARA APOIAR A CAPTURA DE INCIDENTES PARA ANÁLISE DE EMERGÊNCIAS

The organizations responsible to emergency management seek to improve their processes and response time, supported by operational plans where responsibilities and actions to be performed on are defined. However, incidents defined as adverse events and unexpected changes in the emergency plan often occur. The knowledge that team members develop dealing with these incidents is very valuable for the organizations. This paper presents the development of a capturing method of incidents not covered by the emergency plans to be implemented on the ongoing emergency through of observational techniques derived from Ethnography, Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA), and Critical Incident Technique (ICT) combined with elements of command and control.As organizações encarregadas da gestão de emergências procuram melhorar seus processos e o tempo de resposta apoiadas em planos operacionais onde são definidas responsabilidades e ações a serem executadas. Entretanto, muitas vezes ocorrem incidentes entendidos como eventos adversos e alterações não previstas pelo plano de emergência. O conhecimento que os membros das equipes desenvolvem ao lidar com estes incidentes é muito valioso para estas organizações. Neste trabalho é apresentado o desenvolvimento de um método de captura de incidentes não previstos pelo plano de emergência a ser aplicado no andamento da mesma através de técnicas observacionais oriundas da Etnografia, Análise de Tarefas Cognitivas (ATC), e Técnica do Incidente Crítico (TIC) combinadas com elementos de comando e controle

Uncharacterized conserved motifs outside the HD-Zip domain in HD-Zip subfamily I transcription factors; a potential source of functional diversity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Plant HD-Zip transcription factors are modular proteins in which a homeodomain is associated to a leucine zipper. Of the four subfamilies in which they are divided, the tested members from subfamily I bind <it>in vitro </it>the same pseudopalindromic sequence CAAT(A/T)ATTG and among them, several exhibit similar expression patterns. However, most experiments in which HD-Zip I proteins were over or ectopically expressed under the control of the constitutive promoter 35S CaMV resulted in transgenic plants with clearly different phenotypes. Aiming to elucidate the structural mechanisms underlying such observation and taking advantage of the increasing information in databases of sequences from diverse plant species, an <it>in silico </it>analysis was performed. In addition, some of the results were also experimentally supported.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A phylogenetic tree of 178 HD-Zip I proteins together with the sequence conservation presented outside the HD-Zip domains allowed the distinction of six groups of proteins. A motif-discovery approach enabled the recognition of an activation domain in the carboxy-terminal regions (CTRs) and some putative regulatory mechanisms acting in the amino-terminal regions (NTRs) and CTRs involving sumoylation and phosphorylation. A yeast one-hybrid experiment demonstrated that the activation activity of ATHB1, a member of one of the groups, is located in its CTR. Chimerical constructs were performed combining the HD-Zip domain of one member with the CTR of another and transgenic plants were obtained with these constructs. The phenotype of the chimerical transgenic plants was similar to the observed in transgenic plants bearing the CTR of the donor protein, revealing the importance of this module inside the whole protein.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The bioinformatical results and the experiments conducted in yeast and transgenic plants strongly suggest that the previously poorly analyzed NTRs and CTRs of HD-Zip I proteins play an important role in their function, hence potentially constituting a major source of functional diversity among members of this subfamily.</p

Entomofauna associada à cultura da mandioca na região sul de Mato Grosso do Sul.

bitstream/item/38729/1/BP200637.pd

Associations Between Body Composition and Movements During Gait in Women.

El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar las relaciones entre los parámetros acelerométricos de la marcha y la composición corporal en mujeres sanas. Para conseguirlo se realice un estudio transversal con una muestra de 112 mujeres adultas sanas (64,1 ± 8,6 años). Las participantes caminaron una distancia de 20 metros con un acelerómetro triaxial situado a la altura de la cuarta vértebra lumbar. La prueba se repitió tres veces y se utilizó la media de los tres ensayos para el análisis. También se evaluaron indicadores clínicos (Timed Up and Go Test, prueba de los seis minutos marcha y perímetro de cintura) y la composición corporal (bioimpedancia). Los porcentajes de grasa corporal total y en miembros inferiores se correlacionaron fuertemente con la aceleración media en eje vertical y el valor mínimo de módulo vector de las aceleraciones. En mujeres mayores de 71 años, la proporción de grasa corporal total y de miembros inferiores determina los movimientos del cuerpo durante la marcha. Por tanto, la cantidad de masa grasa está relacionada con la estabilidad en la marcha de las personas mayoresThe aim of this paper is to explore the relationships between gait parameters and body composition in healthy women. A cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 112 healthy adult women (64.1 ± 8.6 years). The subjects walked a distance of 20 meters with a triaxial accelerometer attached at the fourth lumbar vertebra. The test was repeated three times and the mean of the three trials was used for the analysis. Clinical indicators (Timed Up and Go Test, 6-Minute Walk Test and waist perimeter) and body composition (bioimpedance) were also evaluated. Total body and lower limb fat mass percentages were strongly correlated with the average acceleration in vertical axis and the minimum value of module vector of the accelerations. In women over the age of 71, the percentage of total body fat and lower limbs determines body movements during gait. Therefore, the amount of fat mass is related to the stability in the gait of the elderl