Industrial Location At the Intra-Metropolitan Level: A Negative Binomial Approach

The objective of this paper is to analyse the incidence of agglomeration economies on the new firms’ location decisions inside metropolitan areas. Following the literature we consider that agglomeration economies are related to the concentration of an industry (location economies) and/or the size of the city itself (urbanisation economies). We assume that those economies differ according the technological level of firms. So we use a sample of new firms belonging to high, intermediate and low technology levels. Our results confirm those sectoral differences and show some interesting location patterns of manufacturing firms Taking into account the renovated debate about the importance of the geography and distance in the location of economic activity, we introduce in the estimation the effect of the central city size as determinant for the location of new firms in the rest of the metropolitan area. This allows us to analyse if a suburbanisation effect exists and if that effect is the same depending on the industry and the central city size of the metropolitan area. Our main statistical source is the REI (Spanish Industrial Establishments Register), which has plant-level microdata for the creation and location of new industrial firms.

Agglomeration, accessibility and industrial location: evidence from spanish municipalities

This paper deals with the location decisions of manufacturing firms in Spain. We analyse how agglomeration economies and transport accessibility influence the location decisions of firms at municipality level and in three industries. The main empirical contributions of this paper are the econometric techniques used (spatial econometric models) and some of the explanatory variables (local gross domestic product, road accessibility, and the characteristics of firms in neighbouring municipalities). The results show that agglomeration economies and accessibility are important in industrial location decision-making.Agglomeration, Accessibility, Industrial location, Spatial econometrics, Spain

Cluster Analysis using Microgreographic data

In this paper we try to identify manufacturing and service clusters in Spain, using data from Mercantile Registers of 2006. The proposed methodology partially follows contributions of Duranton and Overman (2005), Brenner (2003 and 2004) and Ellison and Glaser (1997), but departing from them we improve such approaches by several ways. In order to sum up, we can detail our approach and divide it into five stages. Firstly, we divide space into homogeneous cells. Secondly, we create industry specific maps departing from firms’ georeferenced data. Thirdly, we create multiple random industry specific maps under two conditions: i) total number of firms at each industry remains constant and ii) total number of firms at each cell remains constant. Fourthly, we compare the observed spatial distribution of firms with random simulations of such distribution and we check if there is some kind of concentration compared to the random distribution. Fifthly, for each industry we map the areas where the concentration of firms is significantly higher than expected. Previous scheme allows us to identify real clusters (of different shapes and sizes) for all range of manufacturing and service activities and to use this information to design public policies related to such industries. Keywords: cluster analysis, geographic data, microeconomics, regional economics.

Seguimiento terapéutico del Paciente con cáncer de pulmón no microcítico en tratamiento con inhibidores de la tirosina cinasa (itc)

Aproximadamente, el 85% de los canceres de pulmón diagnosticados, son de tipo no microcítico, siendo el subtipo adenocarcinoma el más frecuente. Los inhibidores de la tirosina cinasa (ITC) son fármacos orales cuyo uso ha supuesto una nueva alternativa al tratamiento intravenoso empleado hasta el momento para este tipo de cáncer. Estos fármacos han generado ciertas ventajas para el paciente oncológico como puede ser un tratamiento más selectivo y especifico, una mayor comodidad en la administración y posología o reacciones adversas más manejables. Sin embargo, la administración oral conlleva un menor control del paciente y una alteración en la adherencia al tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar las interacciones que se pueden dar con el tratamiento domiciliario, las reacciones adversas presentadas y la adherencia a los ITC. Para ello, se han estudiado 18 pacientes mediante la realización de 3 subestudios simultáneos. Los datos para el estudio fueron recogidos de la base de datos (Diraya®) y del módulo de pacientes externos del programa Landtool® del Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena. La adherencia mostrada por todos los pacientes fue aproximadamente del 100%. Las interacciones detectadas fueron principalmente con fármacos pertenecientes al grupo A (sistema digestivo y metabolismo). Respecto a la seguridad, entre las reacciones adversas más frecuentes encontramos: acné, diarreas y edemas. La mayoría fueron leves y solo en 3 ocasiones fue necesaria la paralización del tratamiento. El número de pacientes incluidos fue reducido por lo que el estudio presenta ciertas limitaciones. Se puede concluir que, la adherencia es buena, tanto por la comodidad de la posología como por la preocupación ante un progreso de la enfermedad. Las interacciones detectadas fueron moderadas, pero estas pueden ser evitadas si el tratamiento antineoplásico es administrado correctamente. Por último, las reacciones adversas fueron en su mayoría leves por lo que no provocaron un empeoramiento de la calidad de vida de los pacientes.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Farmaci

Pyrolysis kinetics of hydrochars produced from brewer’s spent grains

The current market situation shows that large quantities of the brewer's spent grains (BSG)-the leftovers from the beer productions-are not fully utilized as cattle feed. The untapped BSG is a promising feedstock for cheap and environmentally friendly production of carbonaceous materials in thermochemical processes like hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) or pyrolysis. The use of a singular process results in the production of inappropriate material (HTC) or insufficient economic feasibility (pyrolysis), which hinders their application on a larger scale. The coupling of both processes can create synergies and allow the mentioned obstacles to be overcome. To investigate the possibility of coupling both processes, we analyzed the thermal degradation of raw BSG and BSG-derived hydrochars and assessed the solid material yield from the singular as well as the coupled processes. This publication reports the non-isothermal kinetic parameters of pyrolytic degradation of BSG and derived hydrochars produced in three different conditions (temperature-retention time). It also contains a summary of their pyrolytic char yield at four different temperatures. The obtained KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) average activation energy was 285, 147, 170, and 188 kJ mol(-1) for BSG, HTC-180-4, HTC-220-2, and HTC-220-4, respectively. The pyrochar yield for all hydrochar cases was significantly higher than for BSG, and it increased with the severity of the HTC's conditions. The results reveal synergies resulting from coupling both processes, both in the yield and the reduction of the thermal load of the conversion process. According to these promising results, the coupling of both conversion processes can be beneficial. Nevertheless, drying and overall energy efficiency, as well as larger scale assessment, still need to be conducted to fully confirm the concept

Adenomatosis intestinal en un perro

Describimos un caso de una hembra de Fox-terrier pero son raras las asociaciones obstrucciones extrahepáticas con compromiso Estas obstrucciones suelen obedecer a lesiones espacio-ocupantes por alteración en órganos adyacentes.

Comparison of nitrification inhibitors to restrict nitrate leaching in a maize crop irrigated under mediterranean conditions

The aim of this paper was to compare dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) as inhibitors of ammonium oxidation and nitrate leaching after applying fertilizer to a maize (Zea mays L.) crop grown under Mediterranean conditions. The effects of nitrification inhibitors were also compared to those of N fertilization without inhibitors and with split N application. In plots fertilized with ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN), either DCD or DMPP lengthened ammonium presence in soil and produced lower soil NO3- concentrations (30% lower than in plots with no inhibitor). The use of DCD or DMPP achieved significant reductions in nitrate leaching. DCD showed excellent properties for controlling nitrate leaching, taking into account the fact that grain yield and N accumulated by plant were similar for the ASN-DCD and ASN treatments applied at the same N doses. The split N treatment did not offer any advantages in terms of leached nitrate, either with the use of single ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) or with single application of nitrification inhibitors. The nitrification inhibitors did not increase the yield but did not reduce it either. The drainage rate was the most important component of nitrate leaching. The low drainage values of the first year resulted in a sharp decline of nitrate leaching. However, the experiment of the second year, showed clear differences in nitrate leaching between treatments due to the greater drainage