Specific Preferences in Lineage Choice and Phenotypic Plasticity of Glioma Stem Cells Under BMP4 and Noggin Influence

Although BMP4-induced differentiation of glioma stem cells (GSCs) is well recognized, details of the cellular responses triggered by this morphogen are still poorly defined. In this study, we established several GSC-enriched cell lines (GSC-ECLs) from high-grade gliomas. The expansion of these cells as adherent monolayers, and not as floating neurospheres, enabled a thorough study of the phenotypic changes that occurred during their differentiation. Herein, we evaluated GSC-ECLs' behavior toward differentiating conditions by depriving them of growth factors and/or by adding BMP4 at different concentrations. After analyzing cellular morphology, proliferation and lineage marker expression, we determined that GSC-ECLs have distinct preferences in lineage choice, where some of them showed an astrocyte fate commitment and others a neuronal one. We found that this election seems to be dictated by the expression pattern of BMP signaling components present in each GSC-ECL. Additionally, treatment of GSC-ECLs with the BMP antagonist, Noggin, also led to evident phenotypic changes. Interestingly, under certain conditions, some GSC-ECLs adopted an unexpected smooth muscle-like phenotype. As a whole, our findings illustrate the wide differentiation potential of GSCs, highlighting their molecular complexity and paving a way to facilitate personalized differentiating therapies.Fil: Videla Richardson, Guillermo Agustín. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Carolina Paola. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Roisman, Alejandro. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Slavutsky, Irma Rosa. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Espinosa, Damian Dario. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Romorini, Leonardo. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Arakaki, Naomi. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Martinetto, Horacio Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Scassa, Maria Elida. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Sevlever, Gustavo Emilio. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentin

Evaluación tomográfica del grado de reabsorción radicular causado por caninos impactados

Objective: the proposal of this study was to examine the degree of root resorption in parts adjacent to impacted maxillary canines, bymeans of a cone-beam computerized tomographic evaluation, which has proven to be a reliable and accurate method to assess thistype of complications. Materials and methods: this study was an evaluation of 1265 ct, which obtained a sample of 72 ct with caninesimpacted maxillary, 36 men and 36 women, ranging from 13 to 43 years old. The variable studied was reabsorption of the adjacent part:the classification of levander and malmgren was used to assess the degree of root resorption. Results: it was observed that 49% hadgrade 0 reabsorption, followed by 19% grade 3 reabsorption. No statistically significant difference was found according to sex p = 0.47.This study found a greater number of patients younger than 18 years presenting root resorption of incisor side (63%) compared topatients older than 18 years (38%).Objetivo: la propuesta de este estudio fue examinar el grado de reabsorción radicular en piezas adyacentes a caninos maxilares impactados, por medio de una evaluación tomográfica computarizada cone-beam, el cual ha demostrado ser un método fiable y preciso para evaluar este tipo de complicaciones. Materiales y métodos: en este estudio se hizo una evaluación de 1265 tomografías, de las cuales se obtuvo una muestra de 72 tomografías con caninos maxilares impactados, 36 hombres y 36 mujeres, en un rango de edad de 13 a 43 años. La variable estudiada fue reabsorción de la pieza adyacente: se utilizó la clasificación de levander y malmgren para valorar el grado de reabsorción radicular. Resultados: se observó que un 49% presentaron grado 0 de reabsorción, seguido de 19% de grado 3 de reabsorción. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa según sexo p=0.47. En el presente estudio se encontró una mayor cantidad de pacientes menores de 18 años que presentaban reabsorción radicular del incisivo lateral (63%) a comparación de los pacientes mayores de 18 años (38%). Conclusión: el grado de reabsorción es muy variable en relación a la edad y dependerá de un diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano del problema para evitar el daño a piezas adyacentes al diente impactad

Evaluación tomográfica de la localización de los caninos impactados en el maxilar superior

Objective: There are risks associated to the eruption of canines, by what is makes necessary a monitoring clinical early and a correct diagnosis. Cone-Beam computed tomography, in recent years has proven to be a reliable and accurate method to assess this type of complications. He objective of this study was determine the location and position of the canine impacted and its proximity to teeth adjacent through the use of the tomography CT cone-beam. Materials and methods: We evaluated72 CT scans Cone Beam patients with clinical diagnosis: maxillary canine impaction. The evaluation is carried out through the use of the system point 3D combi 500 S with the software Real Scan. Is made cuts sagittal, frontal and axial for the evaluation of it location (vestibular, Center alveolar or Palatine), position (third apical, half or cervical) and its proximity with the incisive side (≤ 1,5 mm = next, > 1,5 mm = not next). Results: the position of the canine impacted was more prevalent iObjetivo: Existen riesgos asociados a la erupción de caninos, por lo que se hace necesaria una supervisión clínica temprana y un correcto diagnóstico. La tomografía computarizada Cone-Beam, en los últimos años ha demostrado ser un método fiable y preciso para evaluar este tipo de complicaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la localización y posición del canino impactado y su proximidad a dientes adyacentes mediante el uso de la tomografía computarizada cone-beam. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluaron 72 tomografías computarizadas Cone Beam, de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico: impactación de caninos maxilares. La evaluación se realizó mediante el uso del sistema point 3D combi 500 S con el software Real Scan. Se hicieron cortes sagitales, frontales y axiales para la evaluación de la localización (vestibular, centro alveolar o palatino), posición (tercio apical , medio o cervical) y su proximidad con el incisivo lateral (≤ 1,5 mm = próximo, > 1,5mm = no próximo). Res

Incidence and prevalence of systemic sclerosis in Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Abstract Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease which shows extreme heterogeneity in its clinical presentation and that follows a variable and unpredictable course. Although some discrepancies in the incidence and prevalence rates between geographical regions may reflect methodological differences in the definition and verification of cases, they may also reflect true local differences. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of systemic sclerosis in the city of Campo Grande, state capital of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, during the period from January to December 2014. Methods: All health care services of the city of Campo Grande – MS with attending in the specialty of Rheumatology were invited to participate in the study through a standardized form of clinical and socio-demographic assessment. Physicians of any specialty could report a suspected case of systemic sclerosis, but necessarily the definitive diagnosis should be established by a rheumatologist, in order to warrant the standardization of diagnostic criteria and exclusion of other diseases resembling systemic sclerosis. At the end of the study, 15 rheumatologists reported that they attended patients with systemic sclerosis and sent the completed forms containing epidemiological data of patients. Results: The incidence rate of systemic sclerosis in Campo Grande for the year 2014 was 11.9 per million inhabitants and the prevalence rate was 105.6 per million inhabitants. Systemic sclerosis patients were mostly women, white, with a mean age of 50.58 years, showing the limited form of the disease with a mean duration of the disease of 8.19 years. Regarding laboratory tests, 94.4% were positive for antinuclear antibody, 41.6% for anti-centromere antibody and 19.1% for anti-Scl70; anti-RNA Polymerase III was performed in 37 patients, with 16.2% positive. Conclusions: The city of Campo Grande, the state capital of MS, presented a lower incidence/prevalence of systemic sclerosis in comparison with those numbers found in US studies and close to European studies’ data