Análise de vibrações em caixas redutoras

A vibração em equipamento industrial pode ser tanto um sinal de que o equipamento está a funcionar normalmente como pode revelar que o mesmo apresenta problemas. É assim importante que o técnico de manutenção consiga distinguir entre níveis normais e aceitáveis de vibração e os que requerem atenção imediata para monitorar. Nesta dissertação é estudado o problema de análise de vibrações em caixas redutoras - uma em bom estado e outra com desgaste no par de engrenagens. A escolha desta dissertação prende-se com a importância e uso generalizado de caixas de engrenagens - neste caso de caixas redutoras - nas grandes indústrias. Como tal, hoje em dia, as caixas redutoras estão geralmente providas de sistema de monitorização “online” que alertam o técnico responsável de quando algo foge dos parâmetros definidos pelo utilizador - aumento súbito de temperatura, de amplitude de vibração, entre outros. Esta dissertação pretende assim responder a algumas questões pertinentes: • Como responde uma caixa redutora quando se variam os parâmetros de velocidade e carga e como as variações dos mesmos se traduzem nos espectros de frequência? • Qual dos parâmetros - velocidade e carga - tem uma maior influência nas amplitudes de vibração registadas para as várias frequências típicas de uma caixa redutora? • O que é registado ao nível do espectro de frequências, no estudo de uma caixa redutora com o defeito de desgaste? • A teoria consultada para as caixas redutoras é comparável com os dados obtidos na prática? • Porquê a importância de utilizar a análise de vibrações quando se monitorizam caixas redutoras? Para ajudar a responder estas questões foi utilizada uma aplicação designada de Enlive, um programa de controlo de condição de máquinas para sistemas “online” - ou seja, para sistemas em contínua monitorização. A análise dos sinais provenientes das caixas redutoras foi realizada com recurso à transformada rápida de Fourier - Fast Fourier Trabsform. No fim da realização desta dissertação foi possível responder a todos os pontos referidos anteriormente. Foi possível confirmar a maior importância do factor carga no aumento da amplitude de engrenamento, harmónicas e bandas laterais. Este aumento é mais pronunciado no caso da caixa redutora com desgaste. A análise de vibrações assume-se assim, mais uma vez, como uma ferramenta importante no diagnóstico de avarias, permitindo poupar tempo e recursos - tanto financeiros como humanos - e salvaguardar a contínua eficácia e produtividade de uma empresa, pois permite diminuir o tempo que uma máquina não se encontra em funcionamento

Plasma versus serum analysis by FTIR spectroscopy to capture the human physiological state

Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy of serum and plasma has been highly explored for medical diagnosis, due to its general simplicity, and high sensitivity and specificity. To evaluate the plasma and serum molecular fingerprint, as obtained by FTIR spectroscopy, to acquire the system metabolic state, serum and plasma spectra were compared to characterize the metabolic state of 30 human volunteers, between 90 days of consumption of green tea extract rich in Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Both plasma and serum spectra enabled the high impact of EGCG consumption on the biofluid spectra to be observed, as analyzed by the spectra principal component analysis, hierarchical-cluster analysis, and univariate data analysis. Plasma spectra resulted in the prediction of EGCG consumption with a slightly higher specificity, accuracy, and precision, also pointing to a higher number of significant spectral bands that were different between the 90 days period. Despite this, the lipid regions of the serum spectra were more affected by EGCG consumption than the corresponding plasma spectra. Therefore, in general, if no specific compound analysis is highlighted, plasma is in general the advised biofluid to capture by FTIR spectroscopy the general metabolic state. If the lipid content of the biofluid is relevant, serum spectra could present some advantages over plasma spectra.The present work was conducted at H&TRCHealth & Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, and in the Engineering and Health Laboratory, that resulted from a collaboration protocol established between Universidade Católica Portuguesa and Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Gestão e processamento de erros e configuração de software

Trabalho de projecto de mestrado em Engenharia Informática, apresentado à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2007A Nokia Siemens Networks é um dos líderes de mercado em electrónica e computadores. É uma empresa de carácter internacional com um vasto número de colaboradores em mais de 50 países. Sendo Portugal o seu maior centro de desenvolvimento de software a nível europeu, alberga equipas que a nível cultural são distintas mas em termos de organização de trabalho deverão ser homogéneas. Para que se estabeleça um processo de trabalho padrão com vista a atingir os objectivos da empresa (qualidade, robustez do produto bem como a inteira satisfação dos clientes) o gestor do processamento de erros e configuração de software tem um papel muito importante desempenhando funções com vista a atingir a eficiência das equipas, definindo os processos de trabalho mais adequados, como é o caso de assegurar o controlo dos erros, melhoramento e redesenho dos processos de desenvolvimento, bem como o controlo das várias versões e integração do trabalho produzido.Nowadays companies such Nokia Siemens Networks are trying to achieve standard work processes in order to reach the quality, product robustness and the entire customer’s satisfaction as well. Error Coordination and the Software configuration management plays a very important role defining and adjusting work processes, assuring the errors control, improving and redesigning new development processes, and controlling all versions and integrations of software

Blood molecular profile to predict genotoxicity from exposure to antineoplastic drugs

This work was supported by Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa under grant IDI&CA/IPL/2021/PLASCOGEN_ESTeSL, IDI&CA/IPL/2017/GenTox/ESTeSL, and by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, under grant DSAIPA/DS/0117/2020. The human biomonitoring had financial support given by the Portuguese Authority of Working Conditions (Project reference: 036APJ/09).Genotoxicity is important information that should be included in human biomonitoring programs. However, the usually applied cytogenetic assays are laborious and time-consuming, the reason why it is critical to developing rapid and economic new methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the molecular profile of frozen whole blood, acquired by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, allows to assess genotoxicity in occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs, as obtained by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. For that purpose, 92 samples of peripheral blood were studied: 46 samples from hospital professionals occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs and 46 samples from workers in academia without exposure (controls). It was first evaluated the metabolome from frozen whole blood by methanol precipitation of macromolecules as haemoglobin, followed by centrifugation. The metabolome molecular profile resulted in 3 ratios of spectral bands, significantly different between the exposed and non-exposed group (p<0.01), and a spectral principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) model enabling to predict genotoxicity from exposure with 73 % accuracy. After optimization of the dilution degree and solution used, it was possible to obtain a higher number of significant ratios of spectral bands, i.e., 10 ratios significantly different (p<0.001), highlighting the high sensitivity and specificity of the method. Indeed, the PCA-LDA model, based on the molecular profile of whole blood, enabled to predict genotoxicity from exposure with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 92 %, 93 %, and 91 %, respectively. All these parameters were achieved based on 1 μL of frozen whole blood, in a high-throughput mode, i.e., based on the simultaneous analysis of 92 samples, in a simple and economic mode. In summary, it can be concluded that this method presents a very promising potential for high-dimension screening of exposure to genotoxic substances.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Laboratory biomarkers associated to death in the first three COVID-19 waves in Portugal

Funding Information: This study is inserted in the project Predictive Models of COVID-19 Outcomes for Higher Risk Patients Towards a Precision Medicine (PREMO), supported by Fundação para Publisher Copyright: © 2023 IEEE.Besides the pandemic being over, new SARS-CoV-2 lineages, and sub-lineages, still pose risks to global health. Thus, in this preliminary study, to better understand the characteristics of COVID-19 patients and the effect of certain hematologic biomarkers on their outcome, we analyzed data from 337 patients admitted to the ICU of a single-center hospital in Lisbon, Portugal, in the first three waves of the pandemic. Most patients belonged to the second (40.4%) and third (41.2%) waves. The ones from the first wave were significantly older and relied more on respiratory techniques like invasive mechanic ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. There were no significant differences between waves regarding mortality in the ICU. In general, non-survivors had worse laboratory results. Biomarkers significantly associated with death changed depending on the waves. Increased high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I results, and lower eosinophil counts were associated to death in all waves. In the second and third waves, the international normalized ratio, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil counts were also associated to mortality. A higher risk of death was linked to increased myoglobin results in the first two waves, as well as increased creatine kinase results, and lower platelet counts in the third wave.publishersversionpublishe

A simple, label-free, and high-throughput method to evaluate the epigallocatechin-3-gallate impact in plasma molecular profile

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin present in green tea, presents diverse appealing biological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities, among others. The present work evaluated the impact in the molecular profile of human plasma from daily consumption of 225 mg of EGCG for 90 days. Plasma from peripheral blood was collected from 30 healthy human volunteers and analyzed by high-throughput Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To capture the biochemical information while minimizing the interference of physical phenomena, several combinations of spectra pre-processing methods were evaluated by principal component analysis. The pre-processing method that led to the best class separation, that is, between the plasma spectral data collected at the beginning and after the 90 days, was a combination of atmospheric correction with a second derivative spectra. A hierarchical cluster analysis of second derivative spectra also highlighted the fact that plasma acquired before EGCG consumption presented a distinct molecular profile after the 90 days of EGCG consumption. It was also possible by partial least squares regression discriminant analysis to correctly predict all unlabeled plasma samples (not used for model construction) at both timeframes. We observed that the similarity in composition among the plasma samples was higher in samples collected after EGCG consumption when compared with the samples taken prior to EGCG consumption. Diverse negative peaks of the normalized second derivative spectra, associated with lipid and protein regions, were significantly affected (p < 0.001) by EGCG consumption, according to the impact of EGCG consumption on the patients' blood, low density and high density lipoproteins ratio. In conclusion, a single bolus dose of 225 mg of EGCG, ingested throughout a period of 90 days, drastically affected plasma molecular composition in all participants, which raises awareness regarding prolonged human exposure to EGCG. Because the analysis was conducted in a high-throughput, label-free, and economic analysis, it could be applied to high-dimension molecular epidemiological studies to further promote the understanding of the effect of bio-compound consumption mode and frequency.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impacts of crime TV series on the formation of the image of tourist destinations

Tourism continues to be one of the sectors that has undergone the biggest changes. Cinema has played an important role in tourism, offering not only visits to the filming locations of series and films, but also allowing tourists to experience the atmosphere of cinematographic production. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of crime television series on the formation of the image of cities as tourist destinations. We analyzed 929 reviews made by viewers of eight crime television series available on the IMDb platform (Commissario Montalbano, Shetland, Unauthorized living, Gomorra, Dogs of Berlin, Marseille, Trapped and Sky Rojo), between October 2021 and February 2022. The series were positioned within four typologies based on the contrast between the organic image of the destination and the impact of the series on the image of the destination: positive congruence, positive incongruity, negative congruence and negative incongruity. The Marseille, Gomorrah, Shetland and Dogs of Berlin series are in the group of series which viewers' comments do not express an intention to visit or recommend a visit to the destination. The results showed that when the destination is portrayed in a negative way in the series, it can have significant impacts on the image and influence the tourist behaviour of viewers. The case of the Gomorra series is one of the most illustrative in which the series inhibited the development of tourism

Comparison of Analytical Methods Of Serum Untargeted Metabolomics

Funding Information: IV. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), grant DSAIPA/DS/0117/2020 and RNEM-LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022125 (Portuguese Mass Spectrometry Network). Centro de Química Estrutural is a Research Unit funded by FCT through projects UIDB/00100/2020 and UIDP/00100/2020. Institute of Molecular Sciences is an Associate Laboratory funded by FCT through project LA/P/0056/2020. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 IEEE.Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful tool in the discovery of new biomarkers for medical diagnosis and prognosis. However, there are numerous challenges, such as the methods used to characterize the system metabolome. In the present work, the comparison of two analytical platforms to acquire the serum metabolome of critically ill patients was conducted. The untargeted serum metabolome analysis by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) enabled to identify a set of metabolites statistically different between deceased and discharged patients. This set of metabolites also enabled to develop a very good predictive model, based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 100%, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was also applied in a high-throughput, simple and rapid mode to analyze the serum metabolome. Despite this technique not enabling the identification of metabolites, it allowed to identify molecular fingerprints associated to each patient group, while leading to a good predictive model, based on principal component analysis-LDA, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 90%, respectively. Therefore, both analytical techniques presented complementary characteristics, that should be further explored for metabolome characterization and application as for biomarkers discovery for medical diagnosis and prognosis.publishersversionpublishe

Infection Biomarkers Based on Metabolomics

Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the project grant DSAIPA/DS/0117/2020 supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal; and by the project grant NeproMD/ISEL/2020 financed by Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa.Current infection biomarkers are highly limited since they have low capability to predict infection in the presence of confounding processes such as in non-infectious inflammatory processes, low capability to predict disease outcomes and have limited applications to guide and evaluate therapeutic regimes. Therefore, it is critical to discover and develop new and effective clinical infection biomarkers, especially applicable in patients at risk of developing severe illness and critically ill patients. Ideal biomarkers would effectively help physicians with better patient management, leading to a decrease of severe outcomes, personalize therapies, minimize antibiotics overuse and hospitalization time, and significantly improve patient survival. Metabolomics, by providing a direct insight into the functional metabolic outcome of an organism, presents a highly appealing strategy to discover these biomarkers. The present work reviews the desired main characteristics of infection biomarkers, the main metabolomics strategies to discover these biomarkers and the next steps for developing the area towards effective clinical biomarkers.publishersversionpublishe