CONTRIBUTION DU SYSTÈME DE RIZICULTURE INTENSIF (SRI) À LA DURABILITÉ DES EXPLOITATIONS AGRICOLES AU SUD DU TOGO

The System of Rice Intensification (SRI), an agro-ecological technology, has been popularized in Togo since 2011. This study is carried out to assess the level of adoption and sustainability effects of SRI on farms. The study targeted 33 farms of SRI practitioners and 13 farms of conventional rice farmers. The Agricultural Sustainability Indicators (IDEA) method is used.The study found that the principles of transplanting one single two-leaf plant and a plant spacing at 25 cm (wide apart in square pattern) were adopted by 74% of SRI practitioners. Increased returns (20%), local labor compensation (87%), asset values (89%) and gross operating surplus (63%) per unit of human labor (UTH) and the reduction of pollutant pressure are the main contributions of the SRI to the sustainability of farms. The monoculture of rice, the low input of compost and the financial service of the traders are the main barriers of the adoption of SRI and the sustainability of farms.Four years after the introduction of the SRI, progress in sustainability is certainly noticed, but efforts must be made to adapt technology

Warming the premature infant in the delivery room: Quantification of the risk of hyperthermia

International audienceAim: The efficacy and safety of three polyethylene bags commonly used to prevent hypothermia in premature infants was assessed. Methods: To simulate transfer from the delivery room to a secondary care unit, a thermally stable, bonneted mannequin (skin temperature: 34.4 degrees C) was placed in a climate chamber under different conditions: with a radiant warmer, with various polyethylene bags (open on one side, closed by a draw-string at the neck, or a ``life support pouch'' with several access points) or without a bag. Results: With the radiant warmer turned on, the mean reduction in heat loss from the nude mannequin was 50.8 +/- 1.7% (p <0.0001, vs. warmer off). The mean reduction in heat loss (vs. no bag) was 55.0 +/- 0.9% for the drawstring bag, 49.0 +/- 2.2% for the standard bag (p= 0.0001), and 48.1 +/- 0.7% for the life support pouch (p = 0.006). When a radiant warmer + polyethylene bag were used, heat stress (body temperature: 38 degrees C) and severe hyperthermia (40 degrees C) occurred after 11 and 34 min, respectively. Conclusion: Caution must be taken when using a radiant warmer and polyethylene bag with a prematute infant. Heat stress can occur in only 11 min. Continuous body temperature monitoring is therefore required. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IPEM