Impacto de la crisis económica sobre la salud mental de la población española.

Introducción: Desde 2008 la crisis económica en España ha supuesto un aumento en la tasa de desempleo, en la precariedad laboral y, en definitiva, un empeoramiento en las condiciones de vida de la población. El debilitamiento de los recursos familiares, sumado a los recortes presupuestarios en servicios públicos ha generado el interés de la comunidad científica por analizar su previsible impacto en la salud. La salud mental ha sido una de las áreas investigadas. Objetivo: Analizar la frecuencia de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresión, alcoholismo, abuso de psicotrópicos y la tasa de suicidios en el periodo de crisis económica y determinar los factores asociados. Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática entre los meses de noviembre de 2015 y febrero de 2016 a través de un protocolo de búsqueda en las bases de datos Pudmed y Scopus. Tras seleccionar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, finalmente fueron seleccionados 13 estudios. Resultados: En los artículos seleccionados se ha observado un empeoramiento de la salud mental en la población española durante el periodo de recesión económica. Han aumentado los trastornos de ansiedad, la depresión, el abuso de alcohol y el consumo de psicotrópicos. No se ha encontrado esta relación con los suicidios. Los hombres desempleados y las mujeres con bajo nivel educativo son los grupos más vulnerables. Conclusión: Hay evidencias suficientes para sostener que ha habido un incremento en la frecuencia de los trastornos mentales en el periodo de crisis económica en España. El desempleo es el principal factor asociado. Es necesario continuar investigando para comprender los factores socioeconómicos que influyen en la salud mental e intervenir sobre ellos. Palabras clave: crisis económica, recesión económica, salud mental, trastornos mentales, ansiedad, depresión, abuso de alcohol, suicidios, España

Illicit drug use and cerebral microbleeds in stroke and transient ischemic attack patients

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) signal cerebral small vessel disease and are associated with ischemic stroke (IS) incidence, recurrence, and complications. While illicit drug use (IDU) is associated with cerebral small vessel disease, the association between CMB and IDU is understudied. We sought to delineate differences in vascular risk factors between IDU and CMB and determine the effect of this relationship on outcomes in IS/transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients. Methods: We included 2001 consecutive IS and TIA patients (years 2009-2018) with a readable T2*gradient-echo MRI sequence. CMB rating followed standardized guidelines and CMB were grouped topographically into lobar, deep or infratentorial. IDU data (history and/or urine toxicology) was available for 1746 patients. The adverse composite outcome included pneumonia, urinary tract infection, deep venous thrombosis or death during hospitalization. Good functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale score < 3 and ambulatory on discharge. Univariate analysis was used to assess vascular risk factors and multivariable logistic regression was used to characterize the IDU/CMB relationship on outcomes. Results: We observed IDU in 13.8 % (n=241), and CMB in 32.9% (n=575, 53.8% lobar, 27.3% deep and 18.8% infratentorial). Patients with IDU and at least one CMB were older (53.6±10.5 vs. 56.9±11.5, p=0.04), had a lower BMI (28.1±5.9 vs. 26.6±4.4, p=0.04), and were more likely to have had a previous IS/TIA (25.1% vs. 41.9%, p=0.01). IDU trended higher for those with severe CMB (10+) compared with those without CMB and 1-9 CMB (25% [n=9] vs 14.3% [n=1171] and 12.1% [n=65] respectively; p=0.07) without individual drug deviations from this pattern. Adverse and good functional outcomes were observed in 177 and 905 total patients, respectively. No significant interaction was observed between IDU and CMB with either adverse or functional composite outcomes. Conclusion: IDU prevalence was high in our urban study population, and showed a borderline association with increasing CMB burden. Patients with CMB and IDU history were older and more likely to have had a previous IS/TIA. Further studies are required to clarify the clinical consequences related to the relationship between IDU and CMB.Author Disclosures: B. Petrie: None. H. Lau: None. F. Cajiga-Pena: None. S. Abbas: None. B. Finn: None. K. Dam: None. A. Cervantes-Arslanian: None. T.N. Nguyen: None. H. Aparicio: None. D. Greer: None. J.R. Romero: Speakers' Bureau; Modest; Received speaker honoraria from Ferrer Group

Control patrimonial de bienes muebles y estados financieros de la municipalidad distrital de Cuchumbaya 2021

La presente investigación titula control patrimonial de bienes muebles y estados financieros en la municipalidad distrital de Cuchumbaya 2021. Como objetivo de la investigación nos planteamos determinar la relación entre el control patrimonial de bienes muebles y los estados financieros de esta institución perteneciente al sector público. El estudio fue realizado con enfoque cuantitativo, el diseño es no experimental de nivel correlacional. La recolección de la información fue usando la técnica del cuestionario la cual fue aplicada a los colaboradores de la municipalidad que tienen relevancia en el área de contabilidad y de control patrimonial. Como resultados de la aplicación del análisis estadístico de manera no paramétrica obtenemos que existe una correlación positiva significativa de 0.904 según la prueba de Rho Spearman entre el control de bienes patrimoniales y los estados financieros en esta municipalidad, de esta manera es que nosotros podemos rechazar la hipótesis nula y a su vez aceptar la hipótesis altern

La educación ambiental en los principales medios de comunicación de Monterrey, Nuevo León

Nuevo León es un estado industrial con serios pro-blemas ambientales entre los que se encuentran la contaminación atmosférica, la descarga de grasas en el drenaje, los depósitos irregulares de residuos sólidos y el uso mercantil de áreas verdes supuestamente prote-gidas. Estos problemas hacen evidente la falta de una cultura ambiental y la necesidad de la formación en valores para la pre-servación del ecosistema. La educación ambiental puede ser una respuesta a esta problemática, si se lleva a cabo un esfuerzo por integrar un programa educativo que contemple su aplica-ción tanto en educación formal como en educación no formal

The altered transcriptome and DNA methylation profiles of docetaxel resistance in breast cancer PDX models

Taxanes are standard therapy in clinical practice for metastatic breast cancer; however, primary or acquired chemoresistance are a common cause of mortality. Breast cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are powerful tools for the study of cancer biology and drug treatment response. Specific DNA methylation patterns have been associated to different breast cancer subtypes but its association with chemoresistance remains unstudied. Aiming to elucidate docetaxel resistance mechanisms, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation in breast cancer PDX models, including luminal and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models sensitive to docetaxel, their matched models after emergence of chemoresistance and residual disease after short-term docetaxel treatment. We found that DNA methylation profiles from breast cancer PDX models maintain the subtype-specific methylation patterns of clinical samples. Two main DNA methylation clusters were found in TNBC PDX and remain stable during the emergence of docetaxel resistance; however, some genes/pathways were differentially methylated according to docetaxel response. A DNA methylation signature of resistance able to segregate TNBC based on chemotherapy response was identified. Transcriptomic profiling of selected sensitive/resistant pairs and integrative analysis with methylation data demonstrated correlation between some differentially methylated and expressed genes in docetaxel-resistant TNBC PDX models. Multiple gene expression changes were found after the emergence of docetaxel resistance in TNBC. DNA methylation and transcriptional changes identified between docetaxel-sensitive and -resistant TNBC PDX models or residual disease may have predictive value for chemotherapy response in TNBC. IMPLICATIONS: Subtype-specific DNA methylation patterns are maintained in breast cancer PDX models. While no global methylation changes were found, we uncovered differentially DNA methylated and expressed genes/pathways associated with the emergence of docetaxel resistance in TNBC

Genetic Analysis Method for Staphylococcus chromogenes Associated with Goat Mastitis

Nekada su tvrtke svoje zaposlenike o novostima u poduzeću informirale putem oglasnih ploča, no u današnje vrijeme to se čini putem e-maila ili interneta, a interno komuniciranje čini sve važniji dio odnosa sa javnošću poduzeća. Ono je prisutno u svim organizacijama, bez obzira na veličinu ili predmet poslovanja poduzeća. Međutim, ono se često zanemaruje jer se ne prepoznaje njegova važnost za poduzeće. Osnovni cilj ovoga rada je prikazati značaj interne komunikacije za poduzeća, kao i utjecaj menadžera i rukovoditelja u obavljanju poslova poduzeća. Dolazi se do zaključka da komunikacija između zaposlenika (horizontalna komunikacija) i komunikacija između podređenih i nadređenih (vertikalna komunikacija) u poduzeću utječe na zadovoljstvo i sami rad zaposlenika. Razlog tome je nedostatak informacija koji rezultira u neefikasnom radu zaposlenika, a tim i njihovim nezadovoljstvom. Najznačnije informacije koje se komuniciraju uključuju razna znanja, iskustva te razmjenu podataka značajnih za poslovanje tvrtki i rad njenih djelatnika. U samom radu pojasnit će se djelovanje internog komuniciranja u poduzećima; značaj internog komuniciranja, imidža i strategije za poslovanje poduzeća; problemi internog komuniciranja u poduzećima, a samim tim i dobre strane internog komuniciranja

Genetic Analysis Method for Staphylococcus chromogenes Associated with Goat Mastitis

Mastitis in goats is mainly caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). The identification methods for this group are based on evaluating the expression of phenotypic characteristics such as the ability to metabolize various substrates; however, this is disadvantageous as these methods are dependent on gene expression. In recent years, genotyping methods such as the Multiple Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA) and gene identification have been useful for epidemiological study of several bacterial species. To develop a genotyping method, the genome sequence of Staphylococcus chromogenes MU970 was analysed. The analysis showed nine virulence genes described in Staphylococcus aureus. The MLVA was developed using four loci identified in the genome of S. chromogenes MU970. This genotyping method was examined in 23 strains of CNS isolated from goat mastitis. The rate of discrimination for MLVA was 0.8893, and the highest rates of discrimination per the index of Simpson and Hunter-Gaston were 0.926 and 0.968 for the locus 346_06, respectively. The virulence genes were present in all strains of S. chromogenes but not in other CNS. The genotyping method presented in this paper is a viable and easy method for typifying CNS isolates from mastitis cases in different regions and is an ideal mean of tracking this disease

A sweetpotato gene index established by de novo assembly of pyrosequencing and Sanger sequences and mining for gene-based microsatellite markers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sweetpotato (<it>Ipomoea batatas </it>(L.) Lam.), a hexaploid outcrossing crop, is an important staple and food security crop in developing countries in Africa and Asia. The availability of genomic resources for sweetpotato is in striking contrast to its importance for human nutrition. Previously existing sequence data were restricted to around 22,000 expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences and ~ 1,500 GenBank sequences. We have used 454 pyrosequencing to augment the available gene sequence information to enhance functional genomics and marker design for this plant species.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two quarter 454 pyrosequencing runs used two normalized cDNA collections from stems and leaves from drought-stressed sweetpotato clone <it>Tanzania </it>and yielded 524,209 reads, which were assembled together with 22,094 publically available expressed sequence tags into 31,685 sets of overlapping DNA segments and 34,733 unassembled sequences. Blastx comparisons with the UniRef100 database allowed annotation of 23,957 contigs and 15,342 singletons resulting in 24,657 putatively unique genes. Further, 27,119 sequences had no match to protein sequences of UniRef100database. On the basis of this gene index, we have identified 1,661 gene-based microsatellite sequences, of which 223 were selected for testing and 195 were successfully amplified in a test panel of 6 hexaploid (<it>I. batatas</it>) and 2 diploid (<it>I. trifida</it>) accessions.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The sweetpotato gene index is a useful source for functionally annotated sweetpotato gene sequences that contains three times more gene sequence information for sweetpotato than previous EST assemblies. A searchable version of the gene index, including a blastn function, is available at <url>http://www.cipotato.org/sweetpotato_gene_index</url>.</p