Teoria de Travelbee: Modelo de Relação Pessoa-a-Pessoa- adequação à enfermagem em contexto de cuidadospaliativos

Background: Travelbee’s theoretical model has significantly influenced the palliative care movement. According to Travelbee, the Human-to-Human Relationship is the means through which the purpose of nursing is fulfilled. us, nurses are challenged to implement a more reflective practice based on compassion and sympathy. Objective: To describe Travelbee’s Human-to-Human Relationship Model and provide an adequate conceptual framework for palliative nursing care. Main topics under analysis: To frame Travelbee’s theory. To describe the suitability of the theory for palliative care. To reflect on Travelbee’s view of nursing. To analyze its relevance in the nursing context. Conclusion: Travelbee’s Human-to-Human Relationship Model is in line with the philosophy of palliative care, being an interpersonal process in which nurses intervene in the suffering process but also in its prevention.Enquadramento: O modelo teórico de Travelbee influenciou significativamente o movimento de cuidados paliativos. Segundo Travelbee, a Relação Pessoa-a-Pessoa é o meio através do qual o objetivo da enfermagem é cumprido. Neste sentido, os enfermeiros são desafiados à implementação de uma prática mais reflexiva, pautada pela compaixão e pela simpatia. Objetivo: Descrever o Modelo de Relação Pessoa-a-Pessoa de Travelbee e apresentar uma estrutura conceptual adequada para os cuidados de enfermagem em contexto de cuidados paliativos. Principais tópicos em análise: Enquadrar a teoria de Travelbee nas teorias de enfermagem. Descrever a adequação da teoria ao contexto dos Cuidados Paliativos. Refletir sobre a visão de enfermagem segundo Travelbee. Analisar a sua relevância no contexto da enfermagem. Conclusão: O Modelo de Relação Pessoa-a-Pessoa de Travelbee vai ao encontro da filosofia dos cuidados paliativos, apresentando-se como um processo interpessoal em que o enfermeiro intervém no processo de sofrimento mas também na sua prevenção.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effectiveness of the use of bedrails in preventing falls among hospitalized older adults: a systematic review protocol

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impact on training of the dynamic model for assessment and family intervention

INTRODUCTION. The Dynamic Model for Assessment and Family Intervention (MDAIF), as an operative theoretical referential underlying the assessment and family intervention practices, was adopted for the family nursing specialty, in Portugal. OBJECTIVE. To assess the impact of the professional practice of MDAIF on the assessment and family intervention practices of Primary Healthcare Nurses. METHODS. A study descriptive case. Forty-nine nurses were invited to participate in the pre-training moment and forty-three in the post-training. Participants were asked to sign a written informed consent and were delivered an open-question form applied in the two moments. The data retrieved were submitted to content analysis with a posteriori categorization. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. In the pre-training moment, the most common family assessment practices were: “Areas of attention MDAIF”, “Evaluative data of the MDAIF”; “Attention Individual areas”; and for the most common family intervention practices”, “action”; “client”; “health programmes”; “prevention levels”. After the training: “MDAIF dimensions”; and “individual areas of attention”, with occasional incidence. In the family intervention, the categories identi'ed were: “MDAIF areas of attention” and “action”. It is well known that knowledge transfer into practice in family health nursing is a challenge and that only a relatively small percentage of the training is e*ectively applied, however, in this study it is possible to observe that training had a positive impact in practice changes. The actions focused on care provided to each member of the family changed to care targeted at the family as a client. CONCLUSION. Training has enabled knowledge transfer to professional performance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comfort experience in palliative care: a phenomenological study

Palliative care aims to provide maximum comfort to the patient. However it is unknown what factors facilitate or hinder the experience of comfort, from the perspective of inpatients of palliative care units. This lack of knowledge hinders the development of comfort interventions adjusted to these patients. The aim of this research is to describe the comfort and discomfort experienced by inpatients at palliative care units.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a guided imagery program for patients admitted to palliative care units

Background: Guided imagery (GI) is being increasingly used as a non-pharmacological intervention in different clinical settings. However, GI intervention programs have not yet been developed and adapted to patients admitted to palliative care units, which impedes their implementation. Thus, the need emerges to develop and validate a GI program. Objective: To develop and validate a GI program. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted following the guidelines of the Medical Research Council for the development of complex interventions in 3 phases: identifying the evidence base, identifying/developing appropriate theory, modelling process and outcomes. Results: The development process resulted in a program consisting of 2 GI sessions to be implemented in the same week. Preliminary results on the implementation of a GI session suggest that the intervention is effective in increasing comfort. Conclusion: The characteristics of the GI program proved to be adjusted to the context and target population. The effectiveness of the GI program will be tested in a quasi-experimental study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Confirmatory factor analysis of the portuguese Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar qual dos três modelos publicados melhor caracteriza a estrutura fatorial da versão portuguesa da Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) e avaliar sua validade e confiabilidade. Compararam-se os três modelos através de análise fatorial confirmatória da DASS-21, aplicada em 1.297 pacientes adultos, do serviço de atenção básica (66,7% mulheres; idade média=48,57 anos). A relação entre a DASS-21 e a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) também foi analisada. O modelo de três fatores correlacionados se ajusta melhor aos dados. A escala apresentou boa consistência interna com valores alfa observados nas subescalas, variando de 0,836 a 0,897. A correlação com a PANAS foi positiva e moderada com a escala de afeto negativa, e negativa e limitada com a escala de afeto positivo. Esses resultados corroboram a estrutura de três fatores. O teste apresentou confiabilidade adequada e validade de constructo, dando suporte ao seu uso para rastrear pacientes portugueses no serviço de atenção básica.El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar cual de los tres modelos publicados mejor caracteriza la estructura factorial de la versión portuguesa de la Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) y evaluar su validez y confiabilidad. Se compararon los tres modelos a través de análisis factorial confirmatoria de la DASS-21, aplicada el 1.297 pacientes adultos, del servicio de atención básica (66,7% mujeres; edad Media=48,57 años). La relación entre la DASS-21 y la Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) también fue analizada. El modelo de tres factores correlacionados se ajusta mejor a los datos. La escala presentó buena consistencia interna con valores alfa observados en las subescalas, variando de 0,836 a 0,897. La correlación con la PANAS fue positiva y comedida con la escala de afecto negativa, y negativa y limitada con la escala de afecto positivo. Esos resultados corroboran la estructura de tres factores. La prueba presentó confiabilidad adecuada y validez de constructo, dando soporte a su uso para rastrear pacientes portugueses en el servicio de atención básica.To determine which of three published models best characterizes the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 and to assess its validity and reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 for 1,297 adult, primary care outpatients (66.7% female, Mage = 48.57 years) comparing 3 models. The relationship between the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was analyzed. The correlated 3-factor model fit the data best. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency, with alpha scores of the subscales ranging from 0.836 to 0.897. Correlation with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was positive and moderate with the negative affect scale; it was negative and limited with the positive affect. These findings support the correlated 3-factor structure. The test demonstrated adequate reliability and construct validity, which supports its use for screening in primary care settings with Portuguese speakers

Adaptation to Portuguese of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS)

Objective: to adapt to Portuguese, of Portugal, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales, a 21-item short scale (DASS 21), designed to measure depression, anxiety and stress. Method: After translation and back-translation with the help of experts, the DASS 21 was administered to patients in external psychiatry consults (N=101), and its internal consistency, construct validity and concurrent validity were measured. Results: The DASS 21 properties certify its quality to measure emotional states. The instrument reveals good internal consistency. Factorial analysis shows that the two-factor structure is more adequate. The first factor groups most of the items that theoretically assess anxiety and stress, and the second groups most of the items that assess depression, explaining, on the whole, 58.54% of total variance. The strong positive correlation between the DASS 21 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) confirms the hypothesis regarding the criterion validity, however, revealing fragilities as to the divergence between theoretically different constructs.Objetivo: adaptar a la lengua portuguesa, de Portugal, la Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, versión corta de 21 ítems, (DASS-21), que permite evaluar depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Método: Después de haber sido traducida y retrovertida, con la ayuda de peritos, la DASS-21 fue administrada a enfermos en consulta externa de psiquiatría (N=101), y fue evaluada la consistencia interna, la validez de constructo y la validez concurrente. Resultados: Las propiedades de la DASS-21 atestiguan su calidad para evaluar estados emocionales. El instrumento reveló buena consistencia interna. El análisis factorial muestra que la estructura de dos factores es la más ajustada. El primer factor agrupa la mayoría de los ítems que teóricamente evalúan ansiedad y estrés, y el segundo agrupa la mayoría de los ítems que evalúan depresión, explicando en su conjunto el 58,54% de la variación total. La fuerte correlación positiva entre la DASS-21 y la escala Hospital Anxiety and Depression confirma la hipótesis relativa a la validez de criterio, siendo sin embargo reveladas fragilidades relativamente a la divergencia entre constructos teóricamente diferentes.Objetivo: adaptar para a língua Portuguesa, de Portugal, a Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, versão curta de 21 itens (DASS-21), que permite avaliar depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Método: Após ter sido traduzida e retrovertida, com a ajuda de peritos, a DASS-21 foi administrada a doentes em consulta externa de psiquiatria (N=101), e foi avaliada a consistência interna, a validade de construto e a validade concorrente. Resultados: As propriedades da DASS-21 atestam a sua qualidade para avaliar estados emocionais. O instrumento revelou boa consistência interna. A análise fatorial mostra que a estrutura de dois fatores é mais ajustada. O primeiro fator agrupa a maioria dos itens que teoricamente avaliam ansiedade e estresse e o segundo agrupa a maioria dos itens que avaliam depressão, explicando no seu conjunto 58,54% da variância total. A forte correlação positiva entre a DASS-21 e a HAD confirma a hipótese relativa à validade de critério, sendo no entanto reveladas fragilidades relativamente à divergência entre construtos teoricamente diferentes

The use of the aged simulation suit in nursing students:a scoping review

Background: The use of simulation in nurses’ training has increased over the past decades and provided the acquisition and development of several skills. However, data on the specific use of the aged simulation suit are scattered in the literature. Objective: To map interventions implemented in nursing students using the aged simulation suit. Review Method: Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Two independent reviewers analyzed the relevance of the studies and extracted and synthesized data. Presentation and interpretation of results: Two studies were included in the review. Each intervention consisted of using the complete simulation suit and only some restrictors and lasted 1 to 3 hours. Instruments were used to measure empathy and learning efficacy. Both studies were implemented in 2nd-year students of the bachelor of science in nursing. Conclusion: The characteristics and the duration of each intervention, as well as the assessment instruments differed between studies. Further studies should be carried out to determine the effect/experiences of using the aged simulation suit in the acquisition and development of skills.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mild cognitive impairment in older adults: Analysis of some factors

Mild cognitive decline is a feared aspect of aging associated with frailty experienced by individuals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Competências do enfermeiro de cuidados gerais em Cuidados de Saúde Primários

Enquadramento: A ideologia dos cuidados de saúde primários está claramente presente nos princípios norteadores da enfermagem, representando desta forma um contexto favorável ao desenvolvimento das competências da profissão. Este estudo pretende verificar de que forma as competências do enfermeiro de cuidados gerais são compreendidas e concretizadas ao nível dos cuidados de saúde primários. Metodologia: É um estudo exploratório-descritivo de natureza quantitativa numa amostra de 46 enfermeiros de cuidados gerais a trabalhar em cuidados de saúde primários, cujos dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário. Resultados: Verificamos que existe uma relação significativa entre a compreensão teórica do significado da competência e a sua concretização. As competências mais concretizadas relacionam-se com o domínio da prática profissional, ética e legal, operacionalizadas através de intervenções ligadas à protecção do direito do cliente, à gestão do processo clínico, à informação adequada ao cliente sobre as intervenções realizadas e actuação de acordo com linhas de orientação preestabelecidas. As competências menos concretizadas relacionam-se com a participação em programas de melhoria contínua da qualidade e actuação em situações de catástrofe. Conclusão: A compreensão dos conteúdos ligados a cada uma das competências é um factor preditivo à concretização das mesmas. No entanto, deverão estar também outros factores associados às variações dos resultados, uma vez que a competência é um processo dinâmico que resulta da biografia do sujeito, formação e situação profissional.The ideology of primary health care is clearly present in the guiding principles of nursing, thus representing an environment conducive to developing the skills of the profession. This study aims to verify how the skills of the general nurse are understood and implemented at the level of primary health care. An exploratory descriptive study of quantitative nature comprising a sample of 46 general care nurses working in primary health care, and data were collected through a questionnaire based on the framework of the responsibilities of general nurse set by the Council of Nursing and the Portuguese Nursing Council in 2003. There was a significant relationship between the theoretical understanding of the meaning of skills and its achievement. The skills achieved are more related to the field of professional practice, ethical and legal, operationalized through interventions related to the protection of customers rights, the management of clinical processes, adequate information to customers about the interventions and actions in accordance with pre-established guidelines. The skills achieved are less related to participation in programs of continuous quality improvement and performance in disaster situations. Understanding the meaning of each skills proves to be an important factor for its achievement. However, other factors should also be associated with variations in the results, since competence is a dynamic process that results from the subject´s biography, education and professional situation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio