OCORRÊNCIA DE Anaplasma bovis (Donatien & Lestoquard, 1936, Dumler et al. 2001) NA REGIÃO DE BOM JESUS DO ITABAPOANA, RJ

Tendo em vista a pesquisa de hemoparasitos, no presente trabalho foram realizados exames microscópicos de quatrocentas extensões sanguíneas delgadas, preparadas com sangue capilar coletado da orelha e da cauda de duzentos bovinos. Baseou-se o diagnóstico na pesquisa direta, visualizando-se as inclusões do agente etiológico. Onze bovinos (5,5%) foram considerados infectados por Anaplasma bovis, confirmando a presença deste hemoparasito no município de Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, o primeiro da região noroeste fluminense a relatar tal ocorrência. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Anaplasma bovis, bovino, hemoparasito, ocorrência

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

FREQÜÊNCIA DE CÃES INFECTADOS POR Babesia spp. EM CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ FREQUENCY OF DOGS INFECTED BY Babesia spp. IN CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ

<font size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">A babesiose canina é transmitida pelo carrapato <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</em><span> e causada por protozoários intra-eritrocitários do gênero <em>Babesia</em>, sendo a <em>B. canis</em> e a <em>B. gibsoni</em> os agentes etiológicos. Comumente há quadros de anemia hemolítica, febre e letargia, anorexia, hematúria e esplenomegalia, com a patogenia relacionada principalmente à multiplicação destes parasitos nas hemácias dos hospedeiros. Tendo em vista a pesquisa de hemoparasitos, no presente trabalho foram realizados exames microscópicos de 2.031 esfregaços sangüíneos delgados, preparados com sangue capilar colhido por perfuração da orelha. Baseou-se o diagnóstico na pesquisa direta, visualizando-se os agentes etiológicos. Trinta cães (1,47%) foram considerados infectados por <em>Babesia</em> spp., confirmando, assim, a presença destes parasitos na cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes, onde o clima é favorável ao desenvolvimento do vetor natural<br /><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">PALAVRAS-CHAVES: <em>Babesia </em><span>spp<em>., </em>cão, hemoparasito, ocorrência</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'"></span></font> <span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">The canine babesiosis is transmitted by the <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</em><span> tick and caused by the intracytoplasmatic protozoa of the <em>Babesia</em> genus, being the <em>B. canis</em> and the <em>B. gibsoni</em> the etiologic agents. Normally there are hemolytic anemia, fever and lethargy, anorexy, hematuria and splenomegaly, with the pathogenesis related mainly to the multiplication of these parasites in the erythrocytes of the hosts. In the present work 2,031 stained thin capillary blood smears made from an ear prick of 2,031 dogs were microscopically examined for the presence of hemoparasites. The diagnosis was based on the direct demonstration of the etiologic agents in the erythrocytes. 30 dogs (1.47%) had been considered infected with <em>Babesia</em> spp., confirming the presence of this parasite in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, where the climate is favorable to the development of the natural vector.<br /><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'">KEY WORDS: <em>Babesia</em><span> spp., dog, hemoparasite, occurance</span></span></span></span&gt

CANINE EHRLICHIOSIS IN CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL ERLIQUIOSE CANINA EM CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL

<p class="MsoNormal">It was evaluated 1.576 dogs with the intention to search positivity and to analyze hematological aspects of dogs infected with Ehrlichia spp. in Campos dos Goytacazes. The research of blood-parasites and complete blood counts had been carried out, to determine the occurrence and hematological aspects of dogs infected for Ehrlichia spp. The diagnosis was based by visualization of the Ehrlichia spp. morulae in the leukocytes, its great majority was in monocyte, being considered infected 219 (13,89%) dogs. Anemia, thrombocytopenia, nuclear left deviation neutrophils, eosinopenia and absolute monocytopenia was been the most hematological alterations found.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Key-words: Blood smears, Ehrlichia spp., hematology.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Com o propósito de pesquisar a positividade e analisar os aspectos hematológicos de cães infectados com Ehrlichia spp. na cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes, avaliaram-se 1.576 cães. Realizaram-se pesquisa de hemocitozoários e hemograma para se determinar a ocorrência e os aspectos hematológicos dos cães infectados por Ehrlichia spp. Baseou-se o diagnóstico no achado de mórulas de Ehrlichia spp. nos leucócitos, em sua maioria nos monócitos, sendo considerados infectados 219 (13.89%) cães.<span>   </span>Anemia, trombocitopenia, DNNE leve, eosinopenia e monocitopenia absolutas foram as alterações hematológicas mais observadas.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Palavras-chaves: Esfregaço sangüíneo, hematologia, Ehrlichia spp.</p&gt

FREQUENCY OF BLOOD GROUPS AND TITERS OF ALLOANTIBODIES IN DOMESTIC CATS

Hemotherapy requires reliable blood compatibility tests, such as blood typing, to avoid possible transfusion reactions in cats. However, it is also important to avoid neonatal isoerythrolysis. When blood transfusions are performed between incompatible feline donors and recipients, they may develop acute transfusion reactions, especially severe when type A blood is transfused into a type B cat because it has high levels of anti-A alloantibodies. Therefore, knowing on the blood type frequency in feline population of some region can help to determine the transfusion reaction risks and the occurrence of neonatal isoerythrolysis. Addicionally, such risks may be prevented through blood typing, in cases of transfusion. One hundred feline blood samples were collected and anti-A and anti-B blood reagent typing tests were performed, plus titration of alloantibodies of stored plasma. These tests showed a 96% frequency of type A blood and only 4% of type B blood among tested cats. We did not find any AB type blood cat. There is a great risk of adverse reactions after random blood transfusions between non-typed cats. Keywords: blood typing; cats; immunohematology; transfusion medicine

ESTUDO DO COMPORTAMENTO DA CREATINO QUINASE (CK) E CREATINO QUINASE-MB (CK-MB) SÉRICA DE CÃES SUBMETIDOS À OXIGENAÇÃO POR MEMBRANA EXTRACORPÓREA (ECMO) DURANTE UM PERÍODO DE TRÊS HORAS

The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMCMO) is a technique of prolonged cardiopulmonary support, which aims to help the lungs or the heart when these organs present failure processes not responsive to conventional treatments. As it is not a physiological procedure, it represents a major challenge for medicine, which seeks to make it a safer procedure. Thus, this research was carried out to determine the course of the cardiac markers CK and CK-MB of five dogs submitted at ECMO for three hours. Mongrel dogs of various ages, weight and sex were used. Under anesthesic maintenance, the animals were subjected to femoral cannulation for ECMCMO, in an arterial-venous (AV) deviation. Once the circuit was established, the variables were measured every thirty minutes for a period of three hours. The data were statistically analyzed with Anova, Tukey and Pearson Correlation, with α = 5%. The results showed an increase of serum CK and CK-MB, characterizing a muscular injury during the procedure. The results showed that ECMO induced a cardiac muscle injury by a physiological mechanism. It was concluded that ECMCMO is a viable technical support and do not induce myocardial injury in dogs during a period of three hours

Efeito da variação mensal, propriedade e estado fisiológico sobre a infecção gastrintestinal por nematóides em ovelha Santa Inês

Verificaram-se os efeitos da variação mensal, propriedade e estado fisiológico sobre o Famacha©, volume globular, contagem de ovos por grama de fezes, condição corporal e peso vivo em ovelhas Santa Inês do norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho foi realizado em três propriedades, de janeiro a dezembro de 2006. A cada 14 dias, 20 ovelhas de cada propriedade foram pesadas, avaliadas quanto a condição corporal, Famacha©, e foram coletadas amostras de fezes para realização de contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) e coprocultura, e amostras de sangue para avaliar o volume globular. Haemonchus foi o gênero predominante, seguido de Trichostrongylus. Observaram-se diferenças (P<0,01) para Famacha©, volume globular, OPG, condi ção corporal e peso vivo devido aos efeitos da variação mensal, propriedade e estado fisiológico. Conclui-se que as variações climáticas, com interferência no desenvolvimento larval e na qualidade e quantidade de forragem e, principalmente, o estado fisiológico das ovelhas ocasionam variações mensais na infecção por nematódeos gastrintestinais