Aplicaciones de los láseres de Er:YAG y de Er,Cr:YSGG en odontologia

Los láseres de Er:YAG y de Er,Cr:YSGG por su longitud de onda son bien absorbidos, tanto por el agua que contienen los tejidos blandos como por los cristales de hidroxiapatita presentes en los tejidos duros. Estas características hacen posible que estos láseres puedan ser absorbidos por los tejidos duros. Se presentan los múltiples usos y aplicaciones que tiene esta tecnología en Odontología, tanto en cirugía de tejidos blandos, como sus aplicaciones sobre tejidos duros, como por ejemplo los tratamientos de la caries o la cirugía ósea reemplazando en ambos casos al instrumental rotatorio. Desde la incorporación de estos láseres en los tratamientos odontológicos, se ha abierto una nueva perspectiva en relación con el uso de la anestesia local. Con la utilización de esta tecnología se pueden realizar tratamientos quirúrgicos poco extensos sin necesidad de aplicar anestesia locorregional, si bien su uso más común es para diversos procedimientos de terapéutica dental

Does family involvement in management reduce the risk of business failure? The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation

This study explores the question of whether—and under which circumstances—family involvement helps avoid business failure. We hypothesize that it is family involvement in management, rather than ownership, which reduces the risk of failure during economic downturns; however, this effect is negatively affected by the firm’s entrepreneurial orientation (EO). We argue that EO hinders reaching consensuses on and commitment to family-centered goals, which are focused on long-term survival. We analyze 369 manufacturing firms in Spain from 2007 to 2013, and find that family involvement in management reduces the risk of business failure, but this effect decreases as EO increases

Does Family Involvement in Management Reduce the Risk of Business Failure? The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation

This study explores the question of whether - and under which circumstances - family involvement helps avoid business failure. We hypothesize that it is family involvement in management, rather than ownership, which reduces the risk of failure during economic downturns; however, this effect is negatively affected by the firm's entrepreneurial orientation (EO). We argue that EO hinders reaching consensuses on and commitment to family-centered goals, which are focused on long-term survival. We analyze 369 manufacturing firms in Spain from 2007 to 2013, and find that family involvement in management reduces the risk of business failure, but this effect decreases as EO increases.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: This study has been partially supported by financial aid from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Projects ECO2012-36160, ECO2014-58799-R and ECO2015-67296-R) and from the Project S2015/HUM-3417 (cofinanced by the Communtiy of Madrid and European Social Fund)

Warm Season Grain Legume Landraces From the South of Europe for Germplasm Conservation and Genetic Improvement

Currently, there is a high concern from consumers regarding food quality, with emphasis on the origin of food sources. We here review the current situation of beans (Phaseolus spp.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) landraces in the South of Europe focusing on morpho-agronomic and genetic diversity and physiological adaptation to the different agrosystems, including the symbiotic association with rhizobia. Despite the reduction in the production and consumption of grain legumes in Southern Europe, the variability of common bean, runner bean and cowpea landraces in this region is adequately preserved ex situ in germplasm banks and in breeder collections in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece; however, on-farm (in situ) conservation in isolated areas mainly in gardens and small fields for farmers own consumption and local markets is not guaranteed. This variability can be used for the genetic improvement of varieties, which will result in environmental-friendly improved legumes for a sustainable production in the South of Europe as well as in other regions of the World

Centro para el Estudio de la Interdependencia Provincial en la Antigüedad Clásica CEIPAC

En 1988 se creó, por primera vez, una cátedra de Historia Antigua en la Cataluña postguerra civil. La cátedra de Historia Antigua había sido asociada a la de Prehistoria, regida por el profesor. D. Joan Maluquer de Montes i Nicolau, quien no aprovechó la oportunidad de dividir ambas cátedras en el momento, en el que tanto la asignatura de Prehistoria como la de Historia Antigua se convirtieron en dos materias troncales en los planes de estudio

Challenges in assessing exposure and vulnerability to natural hazards in large cities: the case study of Arequipa near the Misti volcano, south Peru

Assessing risk of potential natural catastrophes in cities remains challenging, in particular as we need to elaborate quantitative criteria for exposure and vulnerability. Statistical and probabilistic methods have been applied to Arequipa, one of the most vulnerable Latin America cities. The second largest city of Peru is highly exposed to natural hazards: earthquakes, eruptions from the historically active El Misti volcano, rain-triggered flash floods and mass flows together with landslides from the Río Chili canyon walls. First, we propose a long-term probabilistic multi-hazard assessment for the Misti composite cone located 17 km from Arequipa. Second, we examine criteria for delineating areas prone to mass flow hazards and characterizing multiple sources of vulnerability forthe city. Third, a statistical methodology to better estimate damage probability for buildings is proposed

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF BOCEPREVIR-BASED THERAPY IN HCVG1 TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED FIBROSIS/CIRRHOSIS: THE ITALIAN AND SPANISH NPP EARLY ACCESS PROGRAM

Background and Aims: To maximize cost/efficay of boceprevirbased triple therapy (BOC) in patients with HCV-related advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. Methods: ITT SVR12, safety and futility rules value were evaluated in the multicenter national Italian and Spanish early access Name- Patient-Program which includes treatment-experienced patients with HCVG1-related advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis (Metavir F3/4) treated with BOC in both countries. Results: 402 patients (mean age 55 years; range 22–75), 316 (78.6%) G1b, 255 (63.4%) F4, 60 (30.9%) with oesophageal varices, 137 (34.1%) relapsers, 95 (23.6%) partial and 168 (41.8%) null responders were enrolled. Platelets count <100,000 and albumin levels <3.5 g/dl were present in 49 (12.2%) and 22 (6.3%) patients, respectively. 369 (91.8%) received at least 1 dose of BOC. Overall ITT SVR12 rates and according to prior response to P/R, fibrosis stage and TW8 HCV-RNA value to P/R/BOC are reported in the table. At multivariate analysis, the strongest predictors of SVR12 were TW8 HCV-RNA undetectability (RR, 30.8; 95% CI, 8.7–108.7) and HCV-RNA detectable but <1000 IU/mL (RR, 9.1; 95% CI, 2.6–31.8) compared to those with HCV-RNA ≥1000 IU/mL. Two patients (0.5%) died from multi-organ failure, 13 (3.2%) developed hepatic decompensation, 41 (10.2%) had severe anemia (<8.5 g/dl) and 31 (7.7%) required at least one blood transfusion. Conclusions: In treatment-experienced patients with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, SVR12 attained by BOC was satisfactory. Mortality, life-threatening adverse events and severe anemia rates were similar to those reported in other real-practice studies. A TW8 futility rule enables a safely discontinuation of BOC in patients who are extremely unlikely to achieve SVR, thus optimizing the effectiveness of treatment in this difficult-to-cure population