Laparoscopic intra-operative ultrasound-guided bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in a BRCA2 mutated patient

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Ultrasound diagnosis of serous surface papillary borderline ovarian tumor: A case series with a review of the literature

Serous surface papillary borderline ovarian tumors (SSPBOTs) are a rare morphologic variant of serous ovarian tumors that are typically confined to the ovarian surface, while the ovaries themselves tend to appear normal in size and shape. In this report, we describe the findings from five premenopausal women diagnosed with SSPBOTs, in whom ultrasound showed grossly normal ovaries that were partially or wholly covered with irregular solid tumors. In all five cases, histologic examination showed evidence of borderline serous tumors. These findings demonstrate that SSPBOTs can be diagnosed on a preoperative sonographic examination, which could facilitate conservative, fertility-sparing surgery in young women affected by this condition. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2015

Intra- and interobserver agreement with regard to describing adnexal masses using International Ovarian Tumor Analysis terminology: reproducibility study involving seven observers

To estimate intraobserver repeatability and interobserver agreement in assessing the presence of papillary projections in adnexal masses and in classifying adnexal masses using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis terminology for ultrasound examiners with different levels of experience. We also aimed to identify ultrasound findings that cause confusion and might be interpreted differently by different observers, and to determine if repeatability and agreement change after consensus has been reached on how to interpret 'problematic' ultrasound images

Development and external validation of new ultrasound-based mathematical models for preoperative prediction of high-risk endometrial cancer

To develop and validate strategies, using new ultrasound-based mathematical models, for the prediction of high-risk endometrial cancer and compare them with strategies using previously developed models or the use of preoperative grading only

Simple ultrasound rules to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses before surgery: prospective validation by IOTA group

Objectives To prospectively assess the diagnostic performance of simple ultrasound rules to predict benignity/malignancy in an adnexal mass and to test the performance of the risk of malignancy index, two logistic regression models, and subjective assessment of ultrasonic findings by an experienced ultrasound examiner in adnexal masses for which the simple rules yield an inconclusive result

Transvaginal ultrasound assessment of myometrial and cervical stroma invasion in women with endometrial cancer -interobserver reproducibility among ultrasound experts and gynaecologists

To assess interobserver reproducibility among ultrasound experts and gynaecologists in the prediction of deep myometrial- and cervical stroma invasion by transvaginal ultrasound in women with endometrial cancer

Recurrence in skeletal muscle from squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of skeletal muscle metastases is a very rare event. Only two cases of late skeletal muscle recurrence from cervical cancer have been documented until now. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year old patient, submitted to radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for a squamous FIGO stage IB1 cervical carcinoma, presented after 76 months with a palpable, and painless swelling on the left hemithorax. MRI showed a nodule located in the context of the intercostal muscles. Pathology revealed the presence of metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of similar morphology as the primary. On the basis of FDG-PET findings, which excluded other sites of disease, surgical excision of the lesion was performed. The patient was triaged to chemotherapy plus external radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: A case of skeletal muscle recurrence from cervical cancer after a very long interval from primary diagnosis is reported. Muscular pain or weakness, or just a palpable mass in a patient with a history of cancer has always to raise the suspicion of muscle metastasis

Imaging in gynecological disease (17): ultrasound features of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors)

Objective To describe the clinical and sonographic characteristics of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors (YSTs). Methods In this retrospective multicenter study, we included 21 patients with a histological diagnosis of ovarian YST and available transvaginal ultrasound images and/or videoclips and/or a detailed ultrasound report. Ten patients identified from the International Results All cases were pure YSTs, except for one that was a mixed tumor (80% YST and 20% embryonal carcinoma). Median age at diagnosis was 25 (interquartile range (IQR), 19.5–30.5) years. Seventy-six percent (16/21) of women had an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage I–II tumor at diagnosis. Fifty-eight percent (11/19) of women felt pain during the ultrasound examination and one presented with ovarian torsion. Median serum α-fetoprotein (S-AFP) level was 4755 (IQR, 1071–25 303) μg/L and median serum CA 125 level was 126 (IQR, 35–227) kU/L. On ultrasound assessment, 95% (20/21) of tumors were unilateral. The median maximum tumor diameter was 157 (IQR, 107–181) mm and the largest solid component was 110 (IQR, 66–159) mm. Tumors were classified as either multilocular-solid (10/21; 48%) or solid (11/21; 52%). Papillary projections were found in 10% (2/21) of cases. Most (20/21; 95%) tumors were well vascularized (color score, 3–4) and none had acoustic shadowing. Malignancy was suspected in all cases, except in the patient with ovarian torsion, who presented a tumor with a color score of 1, which was classified as probably benign. Image and videoclip quality was considered as adequate in 18/21 cases. On review of the images and videoclips, we found that all tumors contained both solid components and cystic spaces, and that 89% (16/18) had irregular, still fine-textured and slightly hyperechoic solid tissue, giving them a characteristic appearance. Conclusion Malignant ovarian YSTs are often detected at an early stage, in young women usually in the second or third decade of life, presenting with pain and markedly elevated S-AFP. On ultrasound, malignant ovarian YSTs are mostly unilateral, large and multilocular-solid or solid, with fine-textured slightly hyperechoic solid tissue and rich vascularization. © 2020 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology